UMary Allen
Ukuba izintso ziyeka ukusebenza, kukho umngcipheko weziphumo ezibi zexesha elide. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uchonge kwaye unyange ukungaphumeleli kwezintso okungapheliyo kwangethuba. Fumana yonke into malunga neempawu, ukuxilongwa, kunye nonyango lokusilela kwezintso ezingapheliyo apha.
Ukusilela kwezintso okungapheliyo (CRF) kuchaza ukuhla okucothayo kwayo yonke imisebenzi yezintso. Oku kulahleka ngokuthe ngcembe kwezintso kunokuqhubela phambili kwiinyanga kunye neminyaka ngaphandle kokuba umnini wekati aqaphele naluphi na utshintsho kwikati yabo. Njengoko i-CKD iqhubela phambili, ngakumbi nangakumbi ukusebenza kwezicubu zezintso ezilahlekileyo kwaye zithathelwe indawo zizicubu ezixhumeneyo.
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Metabolic kwenzeka kuphela xa iipesenti ze-75 okanye ngaphezulu kwezicubu zezintso zitshatyalalisiwe kwaye ikati ibonisa iimpawu zesifo sezintso.
Isizathu sokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo kukuvuvukala okungapheliyo, isizathu esibangela ukuba singakacaci.
Iimpawu zokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo kwiikati
Ngelishwa, izifo zezintso zifunyaniswa kade kakhulu. Kuphela xa isibini kwisithathu esilungileyo sezicubu zezintso zitshatyalalisiwe ukuba ikati ibonisa iimpawu zokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo.
Kwiinqanaba zokuqala zokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo, ikati isela ngakumbi kwaye ivelise umchamo ngakumbi ngokufanelekileyo. Kwiikati zangaphakathi, oku kubonakala xa ucoca ibhokisi ye-litter. Abanini beekati zangaphandle ngokuqhelekileyo abanalo ithuba lokuqonda le miqondiso yokuqala, njengoko iikati zangaphandle zithanda ukukhupha izinyini zazo ngaphandle kwaye zisele ngakumbi apho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwikati, ezinye iimpawu zingabonakala njengoko isifo siqhubeka. Zezi:
- ukukhathala
- ukulahleka kwesidlo
- ukugabha
- isifo sohudo
- uboya obude
- ukuphefumula okubi
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ezi zimpawu zinokuba luphawu lwezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, kubalulekile ukuba ikati ihlolwe ngokucokisekileyo ngugqirha wezilwanyana.
Nantsi inkcazo yazo zonke izigaba zokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo kwiikati kunye neempawu:
Inqanaba I: Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso okuQalayo
- I-creatinine kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo weprotheyini / i-creatinine eqhelekileyo
- akukho zimpawu
- akukho mpembelelo ebomini
Inqanaba II: Ukusilela kwakwangoko
- icreatinine inyuswe kancinci, iprotein/creatinine ratio kwindawo yomda
- kuphela iikati ezimbalwa esele zibonisa iimpawu zokuqala ezifana nokunyuka kokusela
- Umndilili wokuphila ngaphandle konyango malunga neminyaka emi-3
Inqanaba III: Ukungaphumeleli kwe-Uremic Renal
- i-creatinine ngaphezu koluhlu oluqhelekileyo, i-protein / creatinine ratio yanda, i-75% yezicubu zezintso zitshatyalalisiwe
- iimpawu ezifana nokunyuka kokusela kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla ziyabonakala;
- ukwanda kokwenzeka kwezinto zomchamo egazini
- Umndilili wokuphila ngaphandle konyango malunga neminyaka emi-2
Inqanaba IV: Ukungaphumeleli kweZintso kwiNqanaba lokugqibela
- ukwanda kakhulu kwe-creatinine kunye ne-protein / creatinine ratio
- ikati ayisakwazi ukuchama
- ikati ibonisa iimpawu ezinzima ezifana ne-cramps, ukuhlanza okukhulu, ukwala ukutya, njl.
- Umndilili wokuphila ngaphandle konyango iintsuku ezingama-35
Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kweNephritis engapheliyo kwiikati
Okukhona ikati ikhula, kokukhona umngcipheko wokuba iya kukhula ukudumba kwezintso okungapheliyo. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ubudala, phakathi kwama-30 nama-40 ekhulwini azo zonke iikati ziyachaphazeleka. Amadoda angamadoda afunyaniswa kwangoko, ngokomndilili, kwiminyaka eyi-12 ubudala kunabasetyhini abaneminyaka eyi-15 ubudala.
Ugqirha wezilwanyana unokwenza uxilongo oluthembekileyo kuphela ngovavanyo lwegazi nomchamo elabhoratri. Amaxabiso ezintso ze-urea, creatinine, kunye ne-SDMA zonyuka kakhulu kwiikati ezigulayo. Ukongeza, amanqanaba e-phosphate egazini kunye namanqanaba eprotheyini kumchamo aphezulu kakhulu.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwekati kufuneka luhlolwe rhoqo kwaye luphathwe ukuba luyimfuneko, njengoko uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lonakalisa iinqanawa kwizintso. Ngaphezu kwe-60 pesenti yazo zonke iikati ezinesifo sezintso zinoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ngaphandle kokonakalisa izintso, oku kubangela isifo senhliziyo kwikati.
Kubalulekile ukuba kuhlolwe amaxabiso ezintso rhoqo ngonyaka kwiikati ezingaphezulu kweminyaka esixhenxe. Ngokukodwa, ixabiso le-SDMA libonisa izifo zezintso kwizigaba zokuqala. Unyango lunokuqaliswa phambi kokuba ikati ibe neempawu.
Ukutya okuLungileyo kweekati ezinoKungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo
Ugqirha wezilwanyana kufuneka alungelelanise zombini unyango kunye namayeza kunye nokutya okuyimfuneko ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo kwikati kunye neqondo lesi sifo. Ufanele ulandele imithetho yakhe ngokukhawuleza. Ngokomgaqo, iprotheni kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus wokutya kokutya kufuneka kuncitshiswe xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okuqhelekileyo kwekati. Ikati enesifo sezintso akufanele inikwe nayiphi na i-snacks eyongezelelweyo okanye i-vitamin supplements ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwanyana. Amanye amalungiselelo aqukethe i-phosphorus eninzi.
Ukutya okukhethekileyo kwezintso ngoku kufumaneka kubenzi bokutya abahlukeneyo kwaye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ngoku kulula ukufumana ukutya okutyayo okuthandwa yikati. Kubalulekile ukwenza utshintsho ngokukhawuleza: Ekuqaleni, xuba ukutya kokutya kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo nge-spoonful kwaye ukwandise umlinganiselo wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
Iziphumo zokungaphumeleli kwezintso ezingapheliyo kwiikati
Umsebenzi ophambili wezintso kukucoca izinto eziyityhefu emzimbeni. Ezi tyhefu zidlulela kumchamo, zishiya iiproteni eziphilileyo emzimbeni. Ukuba izintso azisasebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, yonke into ephilayo iyabandezeleka. Izinto ezinetyhefu ekufuneka zikhutshiwe ngomchamo azikwazi ukuhluzwa kwaye zihlale emzimbeni. Ngelixa i-urea ngokwayo ayinayo ityhefu, inokujika ibe yityhefu eyingozi i-ammonia, ehlasela ingqondo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ibonwe kwangethuba ukuze ikati ikwazi ukuqhubeka iphila ubomi obude nobungenazimpawu.