Izinkukhu

Iinkukhu ziphakathi kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezindala: amathambo abo aneminyaka eyi-8,000 afunyenwe e-China! KwiYiputa yamandulo, ayenqulwa njengoko ayevakalisa uthixo welanga.

iimpawu

Zikhangeleka njani iinkukhu?

Ukhokho weenkukhu zethu yinkukhu yaseBankiva yasendle (Gallus gallus) evela eIndiya. Incinci kuneenkukhu zasekhaya kwaye iintsiba zayo zinombala we-partridge. Iinkukhu zethu zasekhaya zinobunzima obuyi-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.2 kilograms. Ikama ebomvu kunye ne-wattles entloko ziqhelekileyo. Ngokukodwa kwi-roosters, i-crest inkulu kakhulu.

Iinkukhu ziphuma kwintsapho ye-pheasant; ziintaka ezihlala emhlabeni ixesha elininzi. Azikwazi ukubhabha kakuhle kakhulu, kodwa zinokubaleka ngokukhawuleza ngemilenze yazo enamandla. Amaphiko eenkuku ezifuywayo adla ngokuchetywa ukuze izilwanyana zingaphaphazeli. Iinkukhu zinokubonela kufutshane kuphela, aziboni nto ingaphezu kweemitha ezingama-50.

Umzimba wenkukhu yasekhaya mkhulu kakhulu, intloko incinci. Iinyawo zenkukhu zineenzwane ezine: iinzwane ezintathu ezinkulu zikhomba phambili, enye encinci ijonge ngasemva. Intlantsi etsolo ihleli phezu kwalo nzwane. Imiqhagi iyisebenzisa njengesixhobo esiyingozi kwimilo yamaqhude.

Iinyawo azinantsiba; zigqunywe ngamaxolo aneempondo ezityheli. Iintsiba zeenkukhu zinokuba nemibala eyahlukeneyo. Kanye ngonyaka iyatshintshwa eMauser. Iintlobo zeenkukhu zanamhlanje ubukhulu becala zimhlophe okanye zimdaka ngebala, kodwa zikwakho neentlobo ezinemibala emihle: enamabala amnyama namhlophe, amdaka ngebala okanye amnyama. Imiqhagi inokuba nemibala ngenene, umz. B. emnyama enobomvu-mdaka kunye nebeige kunye neentsiba zomsila ezibhlowu okanye eziluhlaza. Ukongeza, imiqhagi mikhulu kakhulu kuneenkukhu.

Zihlala phi iinkukhu?

Namhlanje, iinkukhu zasekhaya zixhaphakile ehlabathini lonke. Iinkukhu zethu zasekhaya ziyawathanda amadlelo apho zinokukhangela khona ukutya. Ebusuku badinga isitali ukuze bakhuselwe kubanda kunye neentshaba.

Zeziphi iindidi zeenkukhu ezikhoyo?

Kukho iindidi ezintlanu zentaka yasendle yase Bankiva; Namhlanje kukho malunga ne-150 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkukhu zasekhaya. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-19, abantu baye bazama ukufuya iinkuku ezibeka amaqanda amaninzi. Oku kubangele inkukhu emhlophe ye-leghorn. Ukongeza, kwafuywa kwaveliswa inani elikhulu lenyama, njengenkukhu yeBrahma. Izalamane zasendle zentaka yasekhaya yi-capercaillie, i-grouse emnyama, i-partridge, kunye ne-pheasant kunye ne-quail.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zeenkukhu zigcinwa kancinci ukuze zizalele amaqanda kwaye ngakumbi njengeentlobo zokuhombisa ukubonakala kwazo. Phakathi kwezona zintle ziinkukhu ezinesilika. Olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lwavela eTshayina ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-800 eyadlulayo kwaye lukhuliswa apha namhlanje. Iisilika zincinci kuneenkuku zethu zasekhaya kwaye zinentsiba ezahlukileyo:

Ngenxa yokuba iintsiba ezisemacaleni ezintle zingenawo amagaqa, akazenzi iintsiba ezizinzileyo kodwa asebenza njengoboya. Intsiba yonke ikhumbuza ngakumbi uboya obuthambileyo, obufukufuku, obude kuneentsiba. Ngenxa yoko, iisilika azikwazi ukubhabha. Iintsiba zinombala ohluke kakhulu: umbala wombala usuka kubomvu-obomvu ukuya kwisilivere-grey ukuya kumnyama, omhlophe, omthubi, kunye nobumnyama obumnyama. Iisilkies nazo zineenzwane ezintlanu ezinyaweni zazo endaweni yezine kwaye zinesikhumba esimnyama-blue.

Zingakanani iinkukhu?

Iinkukhu zinokuphila iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Nangona kunjalo, iinkukhu ezihlala kwiibhetri zala maxesha ziyayeka ukubeka amaqanda emva kweenyanga ezilishumi ukuya kwezili-10 ngoko ke ziyaxhelwa.

Ziphathe

Ziphila njani iinkukhu?

Njengoko wonke umntu esazi ngokukhala kwamaqhude kusasa, iinkukhu zivuka kwangoko, kodwa zibuye zilale kwakusasa ngokuhlwa. Iinkukhu zizilwanyana ezihlala nabantu. Bahlala ngokwamaqela kwaye banerenki esisigxina kunye nocwangco. Iinkukhu ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye namaqhude ahlala evunyelwe ukuba aye kwisitya sokutyisa kuqala kwaye anokukhetha ukuba yeyiphi i-perch efuna ukulala kuyo.

Le milo imbi kakhulu: izilwanyana zinqunqana ngemilomo yazo. Sakuba sinikezele, isilwanyana siyamqonda lowo unamandla size siyeke ukulwa. Inkukhu esezantsi kwi-hierarchy ayinabo ubomi obulula: abanye bayayichola kwaye yeyokugqibela ukuya kwindawo yokutya. Xa iinkukhu zihlala ngamaqela amancinci kwaye i-hierarchy yenzekile, kuninzi ukuthula kwaye umqhagi ukhusela izikhukukazi zawo kwiintshaba ezikhalayo kunye nokuphaphazela amaphiko azo.

Iinkukhu ziyakuthanda ukuhlambela isanti okanye uthuli emhlabeni. Zivuthulula iintsiba zazo kwaye zigqunywe kumngxuma osemhlabeni. Oku kuhlamba uthuli kubanceda bakhuphe iintsiba zabo kwiintwala ezicaphukisayo. Ebusuku bangena esitalini sabo baze balale phaya phezulu. Iinkukhu zikhetha ukubeka amaqanda kwindlwane eyenziwe ngeendiza. Inyaniso yokuba iintlobo zethu zangoku zinokubeka iqanda phantse yonke imihla kungenxa yokuba amaqanda athatyathwa kubo yonke imihla: oku kwanda ukuzala kwaye izikhukhukazi zivelisa amaqanda rhoqo. Isikhukukazi sasendle sidala amaqanda angama-36 kuphela ngonyaka, ngelixa iinkukhu zebhetri zibeka amaqanda angama-270 ngonyaka.

Abahlobo kunye neentshaba zenkukhu

Iimpungutye kunye neentaka ezidla inyama zinokuba yingozi kwiinkukhu kwaye ngakumbi amantshontsho.

Zizala njani iinkukhu?

Iinkukhu zibeka amaqanda. Uphuhliso oluvela kwiseli yeqanda ukuya kwibhola yomthubi kunye neqanda eligqityiweyo nge-albumen (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-albumen) kunye negobolondo kuthatha malunga neeyure ezingama-24. Ukuba isikhukukazi sidibana nomqhagi size sivunyelwe ukuba sigcine amaqanda aso, intshontsho liya kukhula ngaphakathi kweqanda. Umthubi kunye neqanda elimhlophe ziqulathe zonke izondlo ezibalulekileyo ezifunwa lintshontsho ekukhuleni kwalo.

Phakathi kwe-albumen kunye negobolondo elingena emoyeni kukho izikhumba zeqokobhe zangaphakathi nangaphandle, phakathi kwazo kukho igumbi lomoya. Ngale ndlela intshontsho lifumana ioksijini eyaneleyo. Ngexesha lokufukamela, isikhukukazi sijika amaqanda ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaloo ndlela siqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu buhlala bukwi-25 °C.

Malunga neeveki ezintathu, amantshontsho aqandusela ngokugqobhoza iqokobhe ukusuka ngaphakathi aze afake elo lizinyo leqanda emlonyeni. Zikhangeleka okwee-shuttlecocks ezincinane ezityheli yaye ziqhelekile ngokwenene: Zakuba zomile iintsiba zazo, zinokubaleka zilandele unina. Umama nentshontsho bayazana ngenkangeleko nangelizwi.

Iinkukhu zinxibelelana njani?

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba inkukhu ikhala njani. Kwaye ikwenza oko ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Iinkukhu nazo zenza ingxolo. Imiqhagi idume ngokukhala kakhulu.