UMary Allen
I-Chestnuts yimithi evuthulukayo. Kukho amaqela amabini angadibaniyo ngokwebhayoloji: i-chestnuts eswiti kunye ne-chestnuts yamahashe. Sikwabiza ii-chestnuts eziswiti ezityiwayo kuba ziyagaywa ngabantu.
I-chestnuts yehashe isebenza njengokutya kwezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, amahashe. Ihashe lisabizwa ngokuba “lihashe” kwiindawo ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo eSwitzerland. Kungoko igama elithi "chestnut yehashe".
Zikhula njani ii-chestnuts eziswiti?
I-chestnut eswiti yayisele ixhaphake kwiMeditera kumaxesha amandulo. Ifuna ubushushu obuninzi, ngoko ke emantla eAlps, inokukhula kuphela kwiindawo ezinemozulu entle. Ifuna amanzi amaninzi kodwa ayinyamezeli imvula ngexesha leentyatyambo.
Uninzi lwama-chestnuts aswiti lukhula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25 yeemitha ukuphakama. Kuxhomekeka apho akhoyo, anokuhlala naphi na ukususela kwiminyaka engama-200 ukusa kweli-1000. Malunga nama-25 eminyaka ubudala, iqala ukudumba. Umthi ngamnye uthwala iintyatyambo zenkunzi nemazi. Zinde kwaye zityheli, njenge hazel.
Iziqhamo zezondongomane. Bakwisitya esimdaka ngebala. Ngaphakathi ngaphandle kukho enye, "iqokobhe" elibukhali, elibizwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuba "yindebe yeziqhamo". Imiqolo iluhlaza ekuqaleni, kamva ibemdaka kwaye ikomityi yeziqhamo iyavuleka.
Amandongomane asempilweni kakhulu. Zikwaqulathe iswekile eninzi, ngoko ke zonakala ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphambili, abantu abaninzi babedla ngokutya i-chestnuts eswiti. Batshaya amandongomane amatsha ukuwagcina. Namhlanje ishishini likwenza oku ngeendlela zale mihla.
Abantu bavelisa amakhulu ahlukeneyo eentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-chestnuts. Kananjalo banamagama ahlukeneyo: i-chestnuts okanye i-chestnuts ihlala ibizwa ngokuba ziziqhamo ezilungileyo kakhulu. Zibonwa ngcono kwindawo yokuma xa zithengiswa zintsha kwaye zishushu. Kodwa ziphinde zenziwe zibe yi-puree kwaye zisetyenziswe ekhitshini okanye kwindawo yokubhaka. Iidessert ezahlukeneyo zikwaqulethe i-chestnuts emnandi, njenge-vermicelli okanye i-coupe Nesselrode.
Kodwa ufuna umthi we-chestnut oswiti wefanitshala, iifestile kunye neefreyimu zocango, imiqadi yesilingi, iingcingo zegadi, imigqomo, iinqanawa, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ngokukodwa ngaphandle kubalulekile ukuba iinkuni zingaboli ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphambili, amalahle amaninzi ayenziwe kuwo, into esiyidingayo kwi-grill namhlanje.
I-chestnut eswiti luhlobo lwesityalo. Iphuma kwi-chestnut genus, kwintsapho ye-beech, kwi-oda efana ne-beech, kunye neklasi yezityalo zeentyatyambo.
Zikhula njani iichestnuts zamahashe?
I-chestnuts yamahashe ikhula ngokwemvelo eYurophu, e-Asia, naseMntla Melika. Olunye uhlobo olukhethekileyo "yi-chestnut yehashe eqhelekileyo" evela kwiiBalkans, okt ukusuka eGrisi, eAlbania, nakuMntla weMakedoniya. Idla ngokutyalwa kwiipaki nakwiindlela ezisecaleni kwezitrato.
I-chestnut yehashe ikhula malunga neemitha ezingamashumi amathathu ukuphakama kwaye ineminyaka engama-300 ubudala. Zibonwa lula ngamagqabi azo amade, adla ngokukhula abe zintlanu kwisiqu, njengeminwe yesandla.
Ngo-Epreli nangoMeyi, i-chestnuts ivelisa iintyatyambo ezincinci ezibanjwe kunye kwi-panicles. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuthi "amakhandlela". Iintyatyambo ubukhulu becala zimhlophe, kodwa zinokuba bomvu kakhulu. Ehlotyeni iziqhamo zikhula kwiintyatyambo, iibhola ezincinci eziluhlaza kunye ne-spikes.
NgoSeptemba, iziqhamo zivuthwa kwaye ziwe phantsi. Iibhola ezine-spiked zigqabhuke kwaye zikhulule esona siqhamo: amandongomane amdaka ngeesentimitha ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu ngobukhulu kunye nebala elikhanyayo. Babizwa ngokuba ngama-chestnuts. Abantwana bayathanda ukudlala nokwenza imisebenzi yezandla ngayo. Kodwa awukwazi ukuzitya, zifanelekile kuphela njengesondlo sezilwanyana. Kulapho igama elithi "chestnut" livela kwi-"Ross" ligama elidala lehashe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu malunga ne-chestnuts yehashe ngumthunzi ababonelela ngawo, ngakumbi kwiipaki kunye neegadi zebhiya. Iinyosi zonwabile ngakumbi malunga neentyatyambo ezininzi. Iziqhamo zikwasebenza njengokutya okwamkelekileyo kwamaxhama abomvu kunye nenyama yebhadi ebusika. Umthi unokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iiveneers zefanitshala, eziziingqimba ezibhityileyo ezincanyathiselwe kwiipaneli.
I-chestnut yehashe luhlobo lwesityalo. Yeyohlobo lwe-chestnut yehashe, kwintsapho ye-soapberry, ngokomyalelo we-soapberry, kunye neklasi yezityalo zeentyantyambo.