Ava Williams
Ekuqaleni konyaka, i-Institute for Forensic Medicine kwiYunivesithi yaseLeipzig, kunye neYunivesithi yaseSaxon Police Force, ibonise isifundo apho inja inikwe i-DNA efunyenwe egazini endaweni yento "eqhelekileyo" yevumba. . Kwaye izinja kwisifundo zagqiba iindlela zokukhangela kwaye zafumana abantu abachaphazelekayo.
Eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba iDNA ayinanto yakwenza nearomatics, ngoko kucingelwa ukuba iDNA ayinavumba. Ngoko ke, olu pho nonongo lwalubuzwa ngabaphathi abaninzi abaziwayo bezinja - kubandakanywa neqela leMantrail Academy Austria (MAA) malunga neKarina Kalks.
Abachwephesha baseOstriya banikela ubungqina
Ngo-Matshi ka-2018, uphononongo oluvela eLeipzig luphinde lwenziwa eVienna. Izinja ezi-6 zithathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo, zonke zinewonga lezinja zenkonzo. Iindlela zokukhangela zaziyilwe ngendlela yokuba kungabikho babambeli okanye abantu abahamba nabo bazi apho kufuneka baye khona (i-double-blind). Inja nganye inikwe i-DNA ekhutshwe ematheni njengevumba, ngokusekelwe apho kwakufuneka ifumane umntu ofihliweyo.
Iindlela zabhalwa nge-app kunye nevidiyo. Zonke izinja zikwazile ukugqiba uphando lwazo ngempumelelo! Ubude bomzila babuphakathi kwama-300 kunye nama-500 eemitha. Ubudala beendlela zaziphakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-8 iiyure.
Ukuziphatha okuthembekileyo kokukhangela kunye ne-DNA traces
Ezintathu kwezintandathu izinja azizange zibe nangxaki yokwenza oko kude kube sekupheleni kodwa zibe nobunzima bokuchonga nokuxela umntu ofihlayo. Indlela yokukhangela izinja yayikhuseleke kakhulu kunezinto eziqhelekileyo ezinevumba elimnandi.
Izinja ke ngoko ziyakwazi ukuphefumla kwaye zilandelele abantu abalahlekileyo ngokujoja iDNA yabo. “Kodwa kwi-MAA, ibiyinzame nje. Ngokwenyani, nangona kunjalo, izinto eziqinisekisiweyo ezinuka umntu olahlekileyo ziya kuqhubeka zisetyenziselwa izizathu ezinokwenzeka, ”uqinisekile uKarina Kalks.
Nangona kunjalo, olu lwazi lutsha lokuba izinja zinokufumana kwaye zilandele umkhondo wevumba elisekelwe kwi-DNA "njengevumba lokubhekisela" liphakamisa imibuzo emininzi emitsha! Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akukho sakhiwo se-DNA sibopha i-aromatics, oku kuthetha ukuba: Ngokwesayensi, i-DNA ayinakuvumba. Ngoko izinja zinokuyisezela njani iDNA?
Izinja zokubona umhlaza
Ukusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-2000, izinja ziye zasetyenziselwa amayeza ukubonwa kwangoko kwezifo ezisongela ubomi, umzekelo, ukusezela iiseli zomhlaza ngaphambi kokuba zibonwe kwiinkqubo zokucinga. Ngale ndlela, ukuqala komhlaza kunokubonwa kwangethuba, ngaloo ndlela kwandise amathuba okuchacha.
Umphathi wezinja zenkonzo yamapolisa odla umhlala-phantsi uWolfgang Gleichweit ovela kumbutho woqeqesho lokusebenza, uphando, kunye nezinja zokukhangela bebejongene nobu buchule bukhethekileyo ukususela ngo-2003 kwaye baqeqesha izinja zokukhangela umhlaza, phakathi kwezinye izinto. IGleichweit ithi: “Izinja zinokuqeqeshelwa ukuva naliphi na ivumba elibi. "Kubalulekile ukuba babandakanyeke ngothando, umonde, nokuzingisa kwaye babe nomnqweno ocacileyo wokudlala kunye nokuphanga. Ukusezela umhlaza, inja iqala ngokuqhelana neesampulu zevumba elifunyenwe kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. "