UMary Allen
Iinkamela lusapho lwezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Ngokungafaniyo neenkomo okanye ixhama, bahamba nge-calluses yabo, okt kungekhona kwincam yonyawo, kodwa kwisithende. Iinkamela ziza ngeentlobo ngeentlobo: illama, iguanaco, ivicuna, ialpaca, inkamela yasendle, inkamela, nenkamela efanelekileyo, leyo ngokufanelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba “yinkamela yebhaktiriya.”
Izilwanyana zazo zonke iindidi zinkulu, zitya izityalo kuphela kwaye zineentamo ezinde. Amazinyo afana nala onogwaja. Xa izilwanyana ziphumle, zilala ngendlela yokuba imilenze ihlale ngaphantsi komzimba.
Iguanaco sisilwanyana sasendle esihlala eMzantsi Merika. Kwezi, illama luhlobo lwesilo-qabane: ikhula ngokubonakalayo nzima, kwaye abantu bayikhulise ngolo hlobo kuba bethanda uboya. Iyafana ne vicuna okanye vicuña. Iifom zesilwanyana sasekhaya zibizwa ngokuba yi-alpaca okanye i-alpaca.
Inkamela yasendle ihlala kumbindi weAsia kwaye inamagquba amabini. Kukho uhlobo lwesilwanyana sasekhaya, idromedary. Ine-hump kwaye igcinwe kumazantsi eAsia naseArabia.
Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngenkamela xa lusiva igama elithi "inkamela", elikwabizwa ngokuba yi "Bactrian camel". Inobunzima obufikelela kwi-1000 yeekhilogram kwaye inamagquma amabini. Ngoboya bayo obushinyeneyo, bukhangeleka ngakumbi. Kanye njenge-dromedary, ixabiswa njengesilwanyana sokukhwela okanye ukuthwala imithwalo.
Kutheni kunqabile ukuba iinkamela zisele?
Iinkamela zinokuhlala namanzi amancinci. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zoku: Azinabushushu bomzimba obukhethekileyo njengazo zonke ezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo. Umzimba wakho unokufudumala ukuya kutsho kwiqondo elisibhozo ngokukaCelsius ngaphandle kokukwenzakalisa. Ngenxa yoko, bayabila kancinci baze bonge amanzi.
Iinkamela zinezintso ezomeleleyo. Basusa inkunkuma eninzi egazini, kodwa amanzi amancinci kuphela. Ngoko ke umchamo wakho awunamanzi kakhulu. Iyakwenza ukuba uchame kancinci. Ilindle lazo liphinde lome ngakumbi kunezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo.
Iimpumlo zinokwenza into ekhethekileyo: Ziyakwazi ukubuyisela ukufuma, oko kukuthi amanzi, kumoya esiwuphefumlayo zize ngaloo ndlela zibugcine emzimbeni. Oko thina bantu sikubona njengelifu lomphunga xa siphefumla ebusika kuya kuba kunqabile kakhulu kwiinkamela, kwanakwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi.
Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinemilo ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, iinkamela zinokusela amanzi amaninzi ngexesha elinye ngaphandle kokuba igazi lazo lihlanjululwe kakhulu. Ukongezelela, iinkamela zisela kakhulu ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.
Iinkamela zinobuchule bokugcina amanzi emizimbeni yazo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akwenzeki kwi-humps, njengoko kucingwa rhoqo. Kulapho bagcina khona amanqatha. Inkamela enemingxuma engenanto, eqhwalelayo ngoko ayinxanwanga kodwa ikufuna ngamandla ukutya okwaneleyo. Oku kuyivumela ukuba iphinde yakhe oovimba bayo.
Zizala njani iinkamela?
Ngokwendalo, iinkamela zihlala zingamaqela amancinane. Ezi ziquka inkunzi enye kunye neemazi eziliqela. Ngoko ke babizwa ngokuba "ngamaqela e-harem". Izilwanyana ezincinci zikwakwiqela leemazi. Njengoko abafana abancinci bekhula, bayagxothwa kwiqela leentombi. Bakha amaqela abo emva koko bazame ukushenxisa inkokeli yabafazi kwaye bazithathele ngokwabo.
Inkunzi ikhwela ibhinqa ngalinye kwaye izama ukuba nabantwana kunye nalo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha unyaka kwaye mhlawumbi iinyanga ezimbini ngaphezulu. Imazi idla ngokuzala itakane elinye kuphela. Njengamahashe, izilwanyana ezincinci zibizwa ngokuba "ngamathole". Ithole lisela ubisi lukanina kangangonyaka. Isilwanyana esincinci kufuneka sibe neminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ubudala phambi kokuba sikhule ngokwaso ngokwesondo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokubonelela ngenzala ngokwayo. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo oluthile, iinkamela ziphila phakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nama-50.