UMary Allen
Umalusi wase-Australia yinja entle. Umntu unokuphantse asibethe ngoyaba isibakala sokuba igama lakhe libubuxoki obucacileyo. Nalu lonke ulwazi.
Izinto ezintathu zenza uMalusi waseOstreliya agqame: ubuso obukrelekrele obudityaniswe neendlebe ezithambileyo ezithambileyo kunye nonyamezelo oluphantse lungenasiphelo. Ezi zinto zintathu zenza uMalusi wase-Australia enye yezona zinja zithandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yamuva - nokuba yinja yosapho okanye imidlalo yenja.
"I-Aussie", njengoko ibizwa ngokuba ngabathandi bayo, iphila ngokuyinxenye ngokwegama layo. Ungumalusi wodidi lokuqala, oko kukuthi inja elusayo. Nangona kunjalo, inzala ngokwayo ayisuki eOstreliya - okanye ubuncinci ngokuphambuka okude kakhulu.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, olu hlobo luye lwaziwa, lwathandwa, kwaye lwasasazeka ikakhulu ngama-cowboy e-USA. EJamani, abagibeli baseNtshona baye baqinisekisa ukuba i-Aussie ibonwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweli lizwe ukususela kwi-1990. Ngaphandle kwendawo esentshona, ngokukhawuleza waqala umsebenzi njengenja yentsapho.
Kukhuphiswano oluninzi lwemidlalo yezinja okanye kubuqhetseba, uMalusi waseOstreliya uphantse wangoyiswa ngamandla akhe achanekileyo okubona kunye nokukhawuleza kwengqondo. Ekunye nentando engenamiqathango yokufunda kunye nomnqweno wokusebenza, ungumlingane ogqibeleleyo wabathandi bezinja ezisebenzayo.
Ukhangeleka njani umalusi waseOstreliya?
I-Aussie yinja ephakathi kunye nedyasi yobude obuphakathi. Iqulathe idyasi ende kwaye egudileyo ukuya kwi-wavy kancinane ngaphezulu kunye ne-undercoat eshinyeneyo. Umsila unentsiba, nangona kusoloko kukho amantshontsho azalwa ene-bobtail yendalo.
Umgangatho uxela imibala emine esisiseko:
- Mnyama
- Bomvu
- I-Blue Merle (umbala wesiseko ungwevu kunye ne-marbling emnyama)
- I-Red Merle (umbala osisiseko ubomvu obomvu / i-beige kunye ne-brown okanye i-marbling ebomvu)
Ngamnye kule mibala emine esisiseko inokwenzeka kwinja yodwa (akukho manqaku), kunye neempawu ezimhlophe, kunye neempawu zobhedu, okanye kunye nokuphawula okumhlophe kunye nobhedu. Oku kukhokelela kwitotali yemibala ephindwe kane ephindwe kane.
Izinja ze-Merle zinokuba namehlo akhanyayo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-pigment yemfuza.
Mkhulu kangakanani uMalusi waseOstreliya?
Ngokomgangatho wakhe osemthethweni, izinja zamadoda kufuneka zibe phakathi kwe-51 cm kunye ne-58 cm ubude. Iibhitshi zincinci kancinci ngobukhulu, kwi-46 cm ukuya kuma-53 cm.
Unzima kangakanani uMalusi wase-Australia?
Abelusi base-Australia banokwakheka okuphakathi. Iinkunzi ngokuqhelekileyo zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-25kg kunye ne-32kg kunye nabasetyhini phakathi kwe-16kg kunye ne-25kg.
Uba neminyaka emingaphi uMalusi waseOstreliya?
Kwinja ephakathi, ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo kunye nempilo entle, i-Aussie inobude obulindelekileyo bobomi beminyaka eyi-13 ukuya kweli-15.
Yintoni umlingiswa okanye ubunjani boMalusi wase-Australia?
Iimpawu ezimbini zibonisa umntu othanda kakhulu umsebenzi: ubukrelekrele kunye nokuzingisa. Ukuba i-Aussie inomsebenzi, usebenza egxile kwinjongo yakhe ixesha elide.
Umalusi wase-Australia unyanisekile kumniniyo kwaye uya kudlula emlilweni ngenxa yakhe. Kwelinye icala, kubantu abangabaziyo, ekuqaleni ukhe wazibamba. Oku kunento yokwenza nenxalenye elungileyo yethuku elikhuselayo awayekhuliselwe lona ekuqaleni – ukongeza kwimisebenzi yakhe njengenja elusayo.
Njengengcinga ezimeleyo, i-Aussie idinga umsebenzi onentsingiselo. Ukwenza oku ngesazela, phantse ngengqondo yomsebenzi waseburhulumenteni.
Njengenja yokwalusa eyahlukileyo, unamandla amangalisayo okubona, yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ezigqibela ngoko kufuneka kwenziwe. Oku akusoloko kufunwa ngabantu, ngakumbi ngenxa yethuku lokukhusela. Nangona kunjalo, umntu wase-Aussie uzimisele kakhulu ngokufunda kwaye ke ngoko akantsonkothanga kwimfundo.
Uvela phi uMalusi wase-Australia?
Ngokuchasene negama layo, i-Australian Shepherd breed ayiveli e-Australia, kodwa ivela e-USA. Nangona kunjalo, iingcambu ze-Aussie zibuyela kwilizwekazi lesihlanu. Ngenxa yokuba babengabelusi baseBasque abaqala ukuzisa ookhokho boMalusi wase-Australia ukusuka eYurophu ukuya e-Australia. Xa babesuka eOstreliya besiya eCalifornia malunga nowe-1800, bahamba nezinja zabo.
Amafama ase-US acingela ukuba izinja zivela e-Australia kwaye yile ndlela uhlobo olufumana ngayo igama. Kwiifama ezibanzi, izinja zazisetyenziswa ngempumelelo kakhulu ekwaluseni. Kwaye ke uhlobo lwaye lwakhuliswa kwaye lwacokiswa ngakumbi nangakumbi ngolu phawu.
Kwada kwasemva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ukuba i-Aussie yazenzela igama kwizangqa zokukhwela eNtshona. Ngexesha lemiboniso ye-rodeo kwiminyaka yee-1960, udidi lwenze ukuba luxhumeke ekubeni sisilwanyana esicocekileyo sibe yinja yosapho. Ngenxa yokuba abaninzi ababukeli babenomdla ngobukrelekrele, ukuzimisela ukusebenza, kunye nobuhle beAbelusi baseOstreliya kwaye babefuna nokuba nenja enjalo.
Umalusi wase-Australia: Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye noQeqesho
Njengenja esebenzayo yakudala, uMalusi wase-Australia wenza kakuhle kwizandla zabantu abasebenzayo. Akayiyo inja eyaneliseka nje kukuhambahamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile. Ufuna umsebenzi kunye nokukhuliswa kakuhle.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki: akunyanzelekanga ukuba uthenge umhlambi weegusha ukuze waluse. Umzekelo, ii-Aussies ziphezulu malunga nalo naluphi na uhlobo lomdlalo wezinja njengobuchule. Ukuba bafumana “imisebenzi yokwenyani”, efana naleyo yenja ekhokelayo okanye inja yoncedo, oko kugqibelele, kunjalo. Uninzi lwe-Aussies lunokufumaneka kumsebenzi wezinja zokuhlangula. Ngomthwalo ohambelanayo womzimba nengqondo, zizinja zosapho ezithandekayo.
Ngenxa yobume babo, abelusi base-Australia balula kakhulu ukuqeqesha nokufundisa, kuba bafunda ngokukhawuleza nangokuzonwabisa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba uthatha ikhefu elaneleyo. Ngaphandle koko, iqabane elizimiseleyo nelilungeleleneyo elizimisele ukufunda linokujika libe yinja exakekileyo ngokuhlala lilindele isenzo esiqhubekayo.
Yintoni efunwa nguMalusi waseOstreliya?
Ubude obuphakathi, idyasi esilika yinto yokuqala oyibonayo malunga nabelusi base-Australia. Nangona kunjalo, i-Aussie ayikho enye yazo ngokukhethekileyo inja yokunyamekela kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyamekela rhoqo kwengubo ngebrashi okanye i-curry comb yanele.
Kufuneka kwakhona ujonge iindlebe, ezijikwe phambili okanye ngasemva ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ulumke ngayo, rhoqo usulelo olunokwenzeka. Ngale ndlela, wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kwimpilo yenja.
Kufuneka ubeke iliso kuzipho lwengcuka kwimilenze yangasemva. Ayigugi kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka ichetywe rhoqo.
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo zoMalusi wase-Australia?
Umalusi wase-Australia luhlobo lwenja olusempilweni ngokufanelekileyo xa lukhathalelwe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yimfuza zingenzeka. Kwiiklabhu zokuzala ezihloniphekileyo, abafuyi kufuneka ke ngoko baxilongwe abazali ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukuzala ukuze izifo zingadluleli kumantshontsho.
Ezi ziquka i-hip dysplasia (HD), i-elbow dysplasia (ED), kunye ne-cataracts. I-allergies, i-thyroid kunye neengxaki zentliziyo kunye nezifo ze-autoimmune ziye zanda ekuzaleni kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Inxalenye enkulu yoku kungenxa yokukhula kohlobo kunye nemveliso engalawulwayo engalawulwayo yamantshontsho ngabafuyi abathandabuzekayo.
Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-MDR status ibalulekile kumnini ngamnye. Esi sisiphene sofuzo esibangela ukunganyamezeli amanye amayeza kumantshontsho kwaye kamva nakwizinja ezindala. Hi ndlela leyi, esi siphene ayinakwenzeka kuphela kwiinjana kodwa nakubantu. Izinja ezineziphene zemfuza nazo zinokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kwisifo esingapheliyo sokudumba kwamathumbu. Umalusi wase-Australia onesiphene se-MDR1 ngoko ke uhlelwa njengesigulane esisemngciphekweni ngugqirha wezilwanyana.
Ukuguqulwa kofuzo olunjalo lwenzeka kwi-Belgian Shepherd Dog, German Shepherd Dog, Rough and Smooth Collie, Bobtail, Borzoi, kunye neKelpie.
Ngenxa yemfuno ephezulu yemibala eqaqambileyo, abafuyi abathandabuzayo bahlala bezala izinja ezimbini ezine-merle factor. EJamani, nangona kunjalo, oku kuwela phantsi kokuxhatshazwa ngokuzala.
Intle njengengubo yenja ye-piebald, sisiphumo soguqulo lwemfuza oluphazamisa ukumila kwebala kwaye lunokubangela izifo ezinzulu kumantshontsho. Iziphumo zinokwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela, ukuphazamiseka kokuva ukuya kuthi ga kwisithulu, izifo zentliziyo, okanye iingxaki zamehlo ukuya kubumfama. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke ukuthenga injana kuhlobo olunjalo.
Ixabisa malini uMalusi wase-Australia?
Ngokutsho Club for Australian Shepherd Germany, kufuneka ukubala ngexabiso phakathi 1,400 kunye 1,800 euro ukuba kuthengwe injana Australian Shepherd, kuxhomekeke umfuyi. Oku kwenza i-Australian Shepherd enye yeenja ezixabisa kakhulu.