UMary Allen
IArthropod luhlobo lwezilwanyana. Ziquka izinambuzane, i-millipedes, oononkala, kunye ne-arachnids. Ziiklasi ezine ezo. Iklasi yesihlanu, i-trilobites, sele iphelile. Isine kwisihlanu kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezisehlabathini zi-arthropods.
IiArthropods zifumaneka kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lugqalwa luluncedo ebantwini, ingakumbi izinambuzane ezisasaza umungu kwiintyatyambo. Sikwatya ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-lobster okanye i-shrimp. Sifumana ubusi kwiinyosi kunye nesilika kwimibungu yesilika. Kwamanye amazwe, abantu bathanda ukutya ii-arthropods ezahlukeneyo. Nalapha, ziya zixhaphaka ngakumbi kwiipleyiti zethu, ezinjengeentethe okanye iintshulube.
Kodwa sikwagqala ezinye njengezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo: ooqongqothwane abathile bonakalisa ihlathi, yaye iintwala zifunxa incindi kumagqabi ezityalo zasegadini, zibangele ukuba zife. Xa umbungu wokudla utya ukutya kwethu, awusajongwa njengenzuzo, kodwa kwakhona njengezinambuzane.
Unjani umzimba we-arthropod?
Iiarthropods zineexoskeleton. Eli liqokobhe elifana neleembaza okanye ulusu oluqinileyo. Kufuneka ziwachithe kwakhona kwaye kwakhona ukuze zikwazi ukukhula. Umzimba wakho wenziwe ngamalungu ahlukeneyo abizwa ngokuba ngamacandelo. Unokuzibona kakuhle kwiinyosi, umzekelo. Banemilenze kwinqanaba elinye okanye ngaphezulu, babonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-millipedes.
Iiarthropods ezininzi ziphefumla kuqhoqhoqho. Ezi zijelo zomoya ezilungileyo ezikhokelela kuyo yonke indawo ngolusu ukuya emzimbeni. Oku kunika umzimba wakho ioksijini. Oku kwenzeka “ngokuzenzekelayo”, okuthetha ukuba ezi zilwanyana azikwazi ukuphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle ziqonda. Ezinye ii-arthropods ziphefumla ngeegill. Njengentlanzi, banokuyisebenzisa ukuphefumla ngaphantsi kwamanzi.
Uninzi lwee-arthropods zineempondo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-“feelers”. Akukuphela nje ukuva into ngayo, unako ukuyivumba. Kwabanye, ezi-eriyali ziqulathe amakhonkco amaninzi ezinokuthi zihambe ngokwazo. Zimbalwa ii-arthropods ezingenazo ii-eriyali. Ngabo, imilenze yangaphambili ithatha le misebenzi.
I-arthropods inentliziyo enomngxuma omnye. Ayimpompe igazi, kodwa ulwelo olufanayo emzimbeni olubizwa ngokuba yi-hemolymph. Bathi "i-hemolums". Amalungu okwetyisa aquka isisu, okanye isityalo nje, esifana nengxowa yokutya. Emva koko kuza amathumbu. Kukho nezitho ezifana nezintso ezisusa amanzi kunye nenkunkuma. Ilindle kunye nomchamo ushiya umzimba ngokuphuma okufanayo, i-cloaca.
IArthropods ingena kwiinkunzi kunye neemazi ezikhwelana ukuze zivelise amantshontsho. Imazi izalela amaqanda okanye izale ukuze iphile iselula. Abanye abazali banyamekela amantshontsho abo, abanye bawashiya amaqanda ukuze azinyamekele.