UMary Allen
Intshayelelo: I Alberta Wild Horse labantu
IAlberta Wild Horse liqela lamahashe azulazula simahla ahlala emazantsi eentaba zeRocky eAlberta, eKhanada. La mahashe ayinzala yamahashe asekhaya akhululwa okanye abaleka kwiifama kunye neefama ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900. Baye baqhelana nokuphila endle kwaye baye baba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-ecosystem yase-Alberta. I-Alberta Wild Horses ngabantu abakhethekileyo nababalulekileyo ekufuneka bakhuselwe kwaye balawulwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ubume bemfuzo ye-Alberta Wild Horses
IAlberta Wild Horses ngumxube weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamahashe asekhaya, nto leyo ethetha ukuba anemfuzo eyahlukahlukeneyo. Le yantlukwano inokuba luncedo kubemi njengoko inokunyusa amandla abo okuziqhelanisa notshintsho kwindawo yabo. Nangona kunjalo, ikwathetha ukuba amanye amahashe anokuthwala utshintsho lwemfuza olunokubangela izifo. Olu tshintsho lusenokuba lwaziswa kubemi ngokuveliswa kwamahashe asekhaya okanye ngotshintsho olungakhethiyo lwenzeka ngokwendalo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Yintoni isifo sofuzo?
Isifo sofuzo sisifo esibangelwa kukungaqheleki kwiDNA yomntu. Le nto ingaqhelekanga inokuzuzwa kumzali omnye okanye bobabini okanye inokwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngexesha lokukhula kwe-embryo. Izifo zemfuza zinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu lomzimba kwaye zinokuba neziphumo ezininzi, ukusuka kwi-mild to serious. Ubuzaza besifo sofuzo bunokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana notshintsho oluthile kunye nokusingqongileyo komntu.
Imizekelo yezifo zofuzo kwizilwanyana
Zininzi izifo zofuzo ezichaphazela izilwanyana, kuquka namahashe. Eminye imizekelo yezifo zofuzo kumahashe ziquka i-Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (EPSM), echaphazela imisipha yehashe, kunye ne-Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP), echaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous yehashe. Zombini ezi zifo zibangelwa kukuguquka kwemfuza ethile.
Izifo zofuzo ezinokwenzeka kwi-Alberta Wild Horses
Ngenxa yokuba i-Alberta Wild Horses ingumxube weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamahashe asekhaya, anokuthwala utshintsho olubangela izifo zemfuzo. Ezinye zezifo ezinokubakho kwi-Alberta Wild Horses ziquka ezo zichaphazela izihlunu, inkqubo ye-nervous, kunye ne-immune system. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kovavanyo lwemfuzo, kunzima ukwazi ukuxhaphaka okuchanekileyo kwezi zifo kubemi.
Imiba yomngcipheko wezifo zofuzo kuluntu lwamahashe asendle
Abemi bamahashe asendle banokuba semngciphekweni owongeziweyo wezifo zofuzo ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuzalanisa, ukukhukuliseka kofuzo, kunye nobungakanani obuncinci babemi. Ukuzalanisa kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kweenguqu ezinobungozi, ngelixa i-genetic drift ingabangela ilahleko yoguquko lwemfuzo oluluncedo. Ubungakanani obuncinci babemi bunokunyusa amathuba okuba izifo zemfuzo zigqithiswe ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.
Uvavanyo lwemfuzo kunye nokuxilongwa kwamahashe asendle
Uvavanyo lwemfuzo lungasetyenziselwa ukuchonga utshintsho olubangela izifo zofuzo kumahashe asendle. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuchongeni abantu abathwali bolu tshintsho kwaye lunokwazisa ngezigqibo zokufuya nokulawula. Uvavanyo lwemfuzo lusenokusetyenziswa ukuxilonga amahashe abonakalisa iimpawu zesifo sofuzo.
Impembelelo yezifo zofuzo kuluntu lwamahashe asendle
Izifo zemfuza zinokuba nempembelelo enkulu kuluntu lwamahashe asendle. Kwezinye iimeko, zinokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle komzimba kunye nokuziphatha okunokuchaphazela ukusinda kwehashe kunye nokuzala. Kwezinye iimeko, azinakuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimpilo yehashe kodwa zisenokugqithiselwa kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Izicwangciso zolawulo lwezifo zofuzo kumahashe asendle
Kukho izicwangciso ezininzi zokulawula ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa impembelelo yezifo zofuzo kuluntu lwamahashe asendle. Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lwemfuzo kunye nokukhetha, ulawulo lokuzala, kunye nokuhlolwa kwabemi. Uvavanyo lwemfuzo lunokunceda ekuchongeni abantu abathwali bezifo zemfuzo kwaye lunokwazisa ngezigqibo zokuzala. Ulawulo lokuzala lunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuphindaphindeka kotshintsho oluyingozi kuluntu. Ukujongwa kwabemi kunokunceda ekuboneni utshintsho kubuninzi bezifo zemfuza ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Indima yemizamo yolondolozo ekuthinteleni izifo zemfuzo
Iinzame zolondolozo zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni izifo zofuzo kuluntu lwamahashe asendle. Ezi nzame zinokubandakanya ulawulo lwendawo yokuhlala, ulawulo lwezilwanyana ezizingelayo, kunye nokujongwa kwabantu. Ngokugcina iindawo zokuhlala ezisempilweni kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhaphaka, iinzame zolondolozo zinokunceda ukwandisa impilo yonke yabemi bamahashe asendle. Ukubeka iliso kuluntu nako kunokunceda ekuboneni utshintsho kubuninzi bezifo zofuzo ngokuhamba kwexesha nokwazisa izigqibo zolawulo.
Isiphelo: Imfuneko yophando oluqhubekayo kunye nokubeka iliso
Ukuqukumbela, izifo zemfuza zingumngcipheko onokubakho kwimpilo kunye nokuphila kwabemi bamahashe asendle. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuchonga ukuxhaphaka kwezifo zofuzo kwi-Alberta Wild Horse yabemi kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zokulawula ezisebenzayo. Ukubeka iliso okuqhubekayo kubemi kukwabalulekile ukufumanisa utshintsho kuxhaphaka lwezifo zofuzo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo okuthintela nokulawula izifo zofuzo kumahashe asendle, sinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukusinda kwexesha elide kwaba bantu babalulekileyo.
Iireferensi kunye nokufunda ngakumbi
- Fraser, D., & Houpt, KA (2015). I-Equine behaviour: isikhokelo soogqirha bezilwanyana kunye neenzululwazi zamahashe. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- UGus Cothran, E. (2014). Ukwahluka kofuzo kwihashe lanamhlanje kunye nolwalamano lwalo nehashe lamandulo. I-Equine genomics, i-1-26.
- IUCN SSC IQela leeNgcali zeEquid. (2016). Equus ferus ssp. przewalskii. Uluhlu oluBomvu lwe-IUCN lweentlobo ezisengozini 2016: e.T7961A45171200.
- Kaczensky, P., Ganbaatar, O., Altansukh, N., Enkhbileg, D., Stauffer, C., & Walzer, C. (2011). Ubume kunye nokuhanjiswa kweesile lasendle laseAsia eMongolia. Oryx, 45 (1), 76-83.
- IBhunga loPhando leSizwe (i-US) iKomiti yoLawulo lwamaHashe asendle kunye neBurro. (1980). Amahashe asendle kunye ne-burros: isishwankathelo. IiZikolo zeSizwe Press.