Intshayelelo kwiMantella Frogs

Amasele aseMantella, ngokwenzululwazi aziwa ngokuba yiMantella spp., liqela elahlukileyo lezilwanyana zasemanzini ezincinci ezinemibala eqaqambileyo ezifumaneka kuphela kumahlathi ashinyeneyo aseMadagascar. Ngaphezulu kweentlobo ezingama-30 ezamkelwayo, la masele athabathe ingqalelo yezazinzulu zombini kunye nabathanda indalo ngenxa yemibala yazo edlamkileyo kunye nokuziphatha okwahlukileyo. Amasele aseMantella ikakhulu asemhlabeni, achitha uninzi lobomi bawo emhlabeni, kodwa afuna ukufikelela kumanzi okuzala kunye nokuzala. Ngaphandle kobuhle bawo obunomtsalane, amasele e-mantella ajongene nezoyikiso ezininzi ezikhokelele ekwehleni kwabemi bawo.

Iindawo ezihlala kuzo amasele aseMantella

Amasele aseMantella ahlala kumahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye neendawo ezifumileyo zaseMadagascar. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwinkunkuma yamagqabi, phantsi kwemithi ewileyo, naphakathi kwamatye kunye nezityalo ezikufutshane nemilambo kunye nemilambo. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zibonelela ngokhuselo oluyimfuneko kunye nokufuma ukuze amasele e-mantella achume. Iindidi zemozulu ezahlukeneyo kumahlathi ashinyeneyo aseMadagascar ziye zavumela amasele e-mantella ukuba aziqhelanise neendawo ezahlukeneyo zendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuveleni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ngeentlobo zemibala kunye nokuziphatha okwahlukileyo.

Izoyikiso ezijongene namasele aseMantella

Amasele aseMantella ajongene nenkitha yezoyikiso ezibeka emngciphekweni ukusinda kwawo. Esinye sezoyikiso ziphambili kukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngeenjongo zokulima, ukugawulwa kwemithi nokwandiswa kweedolophu. Ukuphulukana neendawo zawo zokuhlala zendalo kubangela ukuba amasele e-mantella angabi nayo indawo efanelekileyo yokutya, ukufuya nekhusi. Ukongeza, utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuqhambuka kwezifo, ungcoliseko, kunye nokurhweba ngokungekho mthethweni kwezilwanyana zasekhaya kunegalelo ekwehleni kwazo.

Ukuhla kwabemi beMantella Amasele

Ukuncipha kwabemi bamasele e-mantella kuye kwabangela inkxalabo phakathi kwezazinzulu kunye nabalondolozi bendalo. Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ziye zafumana ukuncipha okukhulu kwamanani azo. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-mantella enemilenze eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Mantella expectata) kunye ne-mantella epeyintiweyo (i-Mantella madagascariensis), ziye zachaphazeleka ngokukodwa, ngokuhla kwabantu ukuya kutsho kuma-80% kwimimandla ethile. Ukuhla kwenani labantu kuye kwaphakamisa iintsimbi ze-alamu malunga nomngcipheko wokuphela onokuthi ubhekane namasele e-mantela.

Iinzame zoLondolozo lweMantella Frogs

Iinzame zolondolozo lwamasele e-mantella ziye zaqaliswa ukulungisa izoyikiso ajongene nazo. Ezi nzame zibandakanya izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukukhuselwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nokubuyiselwa, ukufundiswa koluntu, kunye neenkqubo zokuzalanisa. Imibutho yolondolozo isebenzisana ngokusondeleyo noluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye namagunya karhulumente ukuseka iindawo ezikhuselweyo, ukukhuthaza iindlela ezizinzileyo zokusetyenziswa komhlaba, nokwazisa abantu ngokubaluleka kokulondoloza iindawo zokuhlala zesele ze-mantela.

Isimo esiseMngciphekweni samasele aseMantella

Ngenxa yokuncipha kwabemi kunye nezoyikiso eziqhubekayo, iintlobo ezininzi zamasele e-mantela zidweliswe njengezisengozini yiManyano yamaZwe ngamaZwe yoLondolozo lweNdalo (IUCN). Ezi ziquka i-mantella yegolide (i-Mantella aurantiaca) kunye ne-mantella eluhlaza (i-Mantella viridis). Ubume obusemngciphekweni bubonisa imfuno engxamisekileyo yamanyathelo olondolozo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhla okuthe kratya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwezi zilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ezizodwa.

Indima yoTshintsho lweMozulu kwiMantella Frog Declining

Utshintsho lwemozulu luya luqondwa njengento ebalulekileyo ebangela ukwehla kwamasele e-mantella. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye neepatheni eziguquguqukayo zemvula kunokuphazamisa ulungelelwaniso oluthambileyo lwe-ecosystem, luchaphazela ukufumaneka kweendawo ezifanelekileyo zokuzalela kunye nemithombo yokutya yamasele e-mantella. Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho lwemozulu lunokubangela ukwanda kwezifo kunye nezifunxi-gazi ezonakalisa amasele, nto leyo esongela ngakumbi ukuphila kwabo.

Ukuphulukana nendawo yokuhlala kunye noLondolozo lwesele laseMantella

Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala iseyeyona miba icinezelayo kulondolozo lwesele le-mantella. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, okuqhutywa kukulima nokugawulwa kwemithi, kuyaqhubeka nokutshabalalisa amahlathi ashinyeneyo apho kuhlala khona amasele e-mantella. Iinzame zokulwa nokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala zibandakanya ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselekileyo, ukuphumeza iindlela zolawulo lomhlaba ezizinzileyo, nokwazisa abantu ngokubaluleka kokugcinwa kwamahlathi angaguqukiyo ukuze aphile amasele e-mantela kunye nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezihlala zikho.

Ukuqhambuka kwezifo kunye nokusinda kweFrog yaseMantella

Ukuqhambuka kwezifo kuyingozi enkulu kumasele e-mantela. I-Chytridiomycosis, ebangelwa yi-pathogenic fungus i-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, ibe noxanduva lokuhla okutshabalalisayo kwi-amphibian populations kwihlabathi jikelele. Amasele aseMantella achaphazeleka kwesi sifo, esichaphazela ulusu lwawo kwaye siphazamise ukuphefumla kunye nokulawula ukulingana kwamanzi. Iinzame zolondolozo ziquka ukujongwa kwezifo, uphando kunyango, kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo okuthintela ukusasazeka kwefungus.

Iinkqubo zokufuya ezithinjiweyo zeMantella Frogs

Iinkqubo zokufuya abathinjiweyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni amasele e-mantella. Ezi nkqubo zijolise ekugcineni abantu abohlukeneyo ngokwemfuza njenge-inshurensi echasene nokuphela. Ngokufuya amasele e-mantella kwindawo elawulwayo, abaphandi banokufunda ngebhayoloji yabo yokuzala kunye nokuziphatha, kunye nokuphuhlisa iindlela zokubuyiselwa endle. Iinkqubo eziyimpumelelo zokufuya ekuthinjweni sele zibe negalelo ekubuyiselweni koluntu lwamasele ase-mantela asemngciphekweni wokuphela.

INtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoLondolozo lwesele laseMantella

Xa kujongwa imeko yehlabathi yemingeni yolondolozo, intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ibalulekile ukuze amasele e-mantela aphile. Imibutho efana ne-IUCN, i-Amphibian Survival Alliance, kunye namaqela olondolozo lwendawo eMadagascar asebenza kunye ukwabelana ngolwazi, ukulungelelanisa iinzame zophando, kunye nokuphumeza izenzo zolondolozo. Inkxaso-mali yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkxaso zibalulekile ekuphunyezweni okusebenzayo kwezicwangciso zolondolozo, ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwamasele e-mantella kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseMadagascar.

Amathemba ekamva leMantella Frog Survival

Ukusinda kwixesha elizayo kwamasele e-mantella kuxhomekeke kwiinzame ezihlangeneyo zezazinzulu, imibutho yolondolozo, oorhulumente kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Ngokusetyenziswa kwezenzo zolondolozo ezizinzileyo, ezinjengokhuseleko lwendawo yokuhlala, ukujonga izifo, ukuzala kwabantu abathinjiweyo, kunye neendlela ezizinzileyo zokusetyenziswa komhlaba, kuyenzeka ukubuyisela umva ukwehla kwamasele e-mantella. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni engaphambili ibalulekile, kwaye uphando oluqhubekayo, ukubeka iliso, kunye nezicwangciso zokulawula ukulungelelaniswa kuya kuba yimfuneko ukukhusela ikamva lezi zilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini zisengozini.