UMary Allen
Nokuba yintlanzi yegolide, i-guppies, okanye i-carp: iintlanzi ziphakathi kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezidumileyo zamaJamani kwaye zihlala ngaphezu kwe-1.9 yezigidi ze-aquariums kwilizwe lonke. Noko ke, xa sithelekisa nezinye izilwanyana, akukho nto ingako siyaziyo ngeentlanzi. Okanye ngaba wakha wacinga ngesizathu sokuba iintlanzi zibe namaxolo nokuba ziguliswa ngamaza alatyuzayo? Hayi? Emva koko lixesha eliphezulu lokujongana nabemi abaphantsi kwamanzi aphilileyo. Banezinto ezimbalwa ezimangalisayo abazigcinileyo kwaye kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo baye baphuhlisa iindlela ezinomdla eziqinisekisa ukusinda kwabo kumachibi kunye neelwandle zomhlaba wethu.
Ngaba Kufuneka Iintlanzi Zisele?
Kakade ke, nangona iintlanzi bezingqongwe ngamanzi ubomi bazo bonke, kufuneka zisele rhoqo. Kuba, njengazo zonke izilwanyana nezityalo, umgaqo othi “ngaphandle kwamanzi, akukho bomi” uyasebenza nakuzo. Ngokuchaseneyo nathi bahlali basemhlabeni, nangona kunjalo, iintlanzi zamanzi acwengileyo aziwaseli ngokusebenzayo amanzi, kodwa endaweni yoko, ziwathatha ngokuzenzekelayo ngenwebu zazo kunye nomphezulu womzimba okwaziyo ukungena. Oku kungenxa yokuba isiqulatho setyuwa emizimbeni yezilwanyana siphezulu kunendawo ezisingqongileyo kwaye amanzi ngoko ke aphantse angena ngokwemvelo kwintlanzi ukuze ahlawulele oku kungalingani (umgaqo we-osmosis).
Imeko yahluke ngandlel’ ithile kwiintlanzi zasemanzini anetyuwa: Apha isiqulatho setyuwa emanzini siphezulu kunoko sisemzimbeni wentlanzi. Ngoko ke, isilwanyana silahlekelwa ngamanzi ngokusisigxina kwindawo esihlala kuyo. Ukuvala oku kuphulukana nolwelo, intlanzi kufuneka isele. Ukuze ityuwa ikwazi ukuhluzwa emanzini, uMama weNdalo uye waxhobisa abemi basemanzini ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo: Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iindidi zeentlanzi zisebenzisa iintsiba zazo, ezinye zinedlala elikhethekileyo emathunjini elinyanga amanzi olwandle ukuze zenze amanzi okusela. Emva koko le ntlanzi ikhupha ityuwa eninzi ngamathumbu azo.
Ngaba Iintlanzi Ziyakwazi Ukulala?
Lo mbuzo unokuphendulwa ngokulula “ewe”. Ukuze uhlangabezane nobomi bemihla ngemihla ngempumelelo kunye nokutshaja iibhetri, iintlanzi nazo zifuna ukulala.
Nangona kunjalo, ukulala akuyondlwan’ iyanetha ukubabona njengoko kusenzeka kuthi bantu. Iintlanzi azinankophe kwaye zilala zivule amehlo. Ubuthongo bukwahluka ngezinye iindlela: Nangona ukubetha kwentliziyo yabo kuncipha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuyancipha, imilinganiselo ibonisa ukuba iintlanzi azinazo izigaba zokulala nzulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bawela kuhlobo lwesimo se-twilight esinokuphazanyiswa ngoko nangoko yintshukumo yamanzi okanye isiphithiphithi. Akumangalisi, kuba i-guppy elele ngokunzulu okanye i-neon tetra iya kuba kukutya okulungileyo kwiintlanzi ezilambileyo. Ukongezelela, iintlanzi ezininzi zilala. Ezinye ii-wrasses kunye ne-stingrays, umzekelo, zingcwaba entlabathi ngexesha lokulala, ngelixa i-damselfish igaqa kwiikorale ezibukhali.
Kutheni iintlanzi zinezikali?
Izikali azinakuthathelwa indawo kuninzi lweentlobo zeentlanzi, njengoko zomeleza umzimba wentlanzi kwaye ziwukhusela ekugqabhukeni kwizityalo okanye amatye. Iipleyiti ezidlulayo zenziwe ngezinto ezifana neminwe yethu kwaye zinekalika. Oku kuzenza zomelele kwaye zibe bhetyebhetye kwangaxeshanye kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba iintlanzi ziyakwazi ukutyhutyha indlela yazo kwimingxuma emxinwa okanye ekungeneni emiqolombeni. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka ukuba i-flake iwele. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyongxaki njengoko ihlala ikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Nabani na owakhe wayibamba intlanzi uyazi ukuba intlanzi idla ngokutyibilika. Oku kubangelwa yinwebu ebhityileyo egquma amaxolo. Ikhusela intlanzi ekungeneni kweebhaktheriya kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba inokuhamba ngokulula emanzini ngelixa iqubha.
Inokubona Kakuhle Kangakanani Iintlanzi?
Kanye njengathi bantu, iintlanzi zinento ebizwa ngokuba yi-lens eyes, nto leyo ezenza zikwazi ukubona macala-ntathu nokubona imibala. Ngokuchasene nabantu, nangona kunjalo, intlanzi inokubona ngokucacileyo izinto kunye nezinto ezikufutshane (ukuya kuthi ga kwimitha), njengoko zingenayo indlela yokutshintsha abafundi babo ngokuhamba kwe-iris.
Oku akuyongxaki, nangona kunjalo, kwaye indalo yayifuna ukuba kube njalo: Ngapha koko, iintlanzi ezininzi zihlala emanzini amnyama namnyama, ukuze amehlo angcono angabi nangqiqo.
Ukongezelela, intlanzi inoluvo lwesithandathu - into ebizwa ngokuba yi-lateral line organ. Ilala nje ngaphantsi kwesikhumba kwaye inabele kumacala omabini omzimba ukusuka entloko ukuya kwincam yomsila. Ngayo, intlanzi inokuva olona tshintsho luncinci lokuhamba kwamanzi kwaye ngokukhawuleza uqaphele xa iintshaba, izinto, okanye ukuluma okumnandi kwexhoba kusondela.
Kutheni Iintlanzi Zingatyunyuzwa Luxinzelelo Lwamanzi?
Ukuba sintywila abantu kubunzulu beemitha ezininzi, kunokukhawuleza kube yingozi kuthi. Kuba okukhona sitshona, kokukhona sinyuka uxinzelelo lwamanzi emizimbeni yethu. Ubunzulu beekhilomitha ezilishumi elinanye, umzekelo, amandla ajikeleze i-100,000 yeemoto asebenza kuthi kwaye enze ukusinda ngaphandle kwebhola lokuntywila akunakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo. Okona kuchukumisa ngakumbi kukuba ezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi zisadada kwiindlela zazo zingathintelwa kubunzulu beekhilomitha eziliqela kwaye azibonakali ziziva luxinezeleko kwaphela. Kanjani
Ingcaciso ilula kakhulu: Ngokwahlukileyo kubahlali basemhlabeni, iiseli zeentlanzi azizaliswanga ngumoya kodwa ngamanzi ngoko ke azinakusuka zidityaniswe. Iingxaki zinokuvela kuphela ngesinyi sokuqubha sentlanzi. Noko ke, xa kuvela iintlanzi ezinzulu elwandle, oku kusenokubanjwa ndawonye ngamandla emisipha okanye kungabikho kwaphela.
Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo zokuqubha ezinzulu ezigcinwa zizinzile ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi emzimbeni kwaye zingaze zishiye indawo yazo yokuhlala, njengoko zinokugqabhuka phezu kwamanzi.
Ngaba Iintlanzi Ziyakwazi Ukuncokola?
Kakade ke, akukho ncoko yomntu nomntu phakathi kweentlanzi. Nangona kunjalo, baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana omnye nomnye. Ngokomzekelo, ngoxa i<em>clownfish, ikrazula iziciko zamanwebu azo ize ngaloo ndlela ikhuphe iintshaba kwindawo yazo, ii<em>sweetlips zinxibelelana ngokuphululana amazinyo.
IiHerrings zikwaphuhlise uhlobo olunomdla lokusebenzisana: Batyhala umoya uphume kwisinyi sabo sokuqubha ukuya kwiphecana lempundu kwaye ngale ndlela bavelisa isandi esithi "pup-like". Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iintlanzi zisebenzisa amazwi azo akhethekileyo ukunxibelelana esikolweni. Enyanisweni, abaphandi baye baqaphela ukuba ukuphindaphinda kwe-pupae kwandisa kunye nenani le-herrings kwiqela.
Uninzi lonxibelelwano phakathi kwabemi abangaphantsi kwamanzi, nangona kunjalo, alwenzeki ngesandi, kodwa ngokushukuma kunye nemibala. Ukuze ukholise lowo umthandayo, iintlanzi ezininzi, ngokomzekelo, zenza imidaniso yokubhanqa okanye zibonise ilokhwe yazo enemibala enomtsalane.
Ngaba Iintlanzi Zingaguliswa Ulwandle?
Nje ukuba inqanawa ishiye izibuko, ngaba ufumana intloko ebuhlungu, ukubila, nokuhlanza? Imeko eqhelekileyo yokuguliswa kolwandle. Kodwa zinjani izidalwa zaselwandle ezilwa namaza mihla le? Ngaba Ukhuselekile kwisigulo solwandle?
Ngelishwa, hayi. Kuba njengathi bantu, iintlanzi nazo zinamalungu okulingana, abekwe ngasekhohlo nasekunene kwentloko. Ukuba intlanzi iphoswa ngapha nangapha kulwandle olulwayo, inokudideka ize ibe neempawu zokuguliswa lulwandle. Iintlanzi ezichaphazelekayo ziqala ukujika kwaye zizame ukufumana imeko phantsi kolawulo ngolu hlobo. Ukuba eli nzame aliphumeleli kwaye isicaphucaphu siba mandundu, intlanzi inokugabha nokugabha.
Noko ke, kwindawo ezihlala kuzo iintlanzi akufane kufuneke zilwe nokuguliswa lulwandle, njengoko zinokusuka nje zirhoxe nzulu elwandle xa zingaziva mnandi zize ngaloo ndlela ziwaphephe amaza anamandla. Imeko iyahluka xa iintlanzi zitsalwa ngokukhawuleza kwiminatha yokhuseleko okanye - zipakishwe ngokukhuselekileyo - zihanjiswe kwimoto. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufika kweli khaya litsha akuyonto nje “i-puke”, abafuyi abaninzi bayayeka ukuzondla iintlanzi zabo ngaphambi kokuba zihanjiswe.