Mary Allen
Makondo ishiri huru dzinodya. Kune marudzi akati wandei, akadai segondo regoridhe, makondo ane muswe muchena, uye mbira. Dzinodya mhuka duku nehombe. Dzinobata mhuka dzadzo nenzwara dzadzo dzakasimba mukubhururuka, pasi, kana mumvura.
Makondo anowanzovaka matendere awo, anonzi eyries, pamatombo kana miti mirefu. Hadzi inokandira zai rimwe kana mana ipapo. Iyo incubation nguva ndeyemazuva makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana nemashanu zvichienderana nerudzi. Manhiyo anotanga achena, minhenga yawo yakasviba inokura gare gare. Pashure pemavhiki gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe, vana vanogona kubhururuka.
Mhando yegondo inonyanya kuzivikanwa muCentral Europe igondo regoridhe. Manhenga ayo ane shava uye mapapiro ayo akatambanudzwa akareba mamita maviri. Inogara zvakanyanya muAlps uye yakatenderedza Mediterranean, asiwo muNorth America neAsia. Gondo regoridhe rakasimba zvikuru uye rinogona kuvhima mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzinorema kudarika pacharo. Inowanzobata tsuro nemarmots, asiwo mhembwe nemhembwe, dzimwe nguva zvinokambaira neshiri.
Kuchamhembe nekumabvazuva kweGermany, kune rumwe rutivi, unogona kuwana gondo rakachena-muswe: mapapiro ayo akakura zvishoma kudarika egondo regoridhe, kureva kusvika mamita 2.50. Musoro nemutsipa zvakareruka kupfuura muviri wese. Gondo rine muswe muchena rinodya zvikuru hove neshiri dzemumvura.
Rinoda kufanana naro igondo remhanza, rinowanikwa muNorth America chete. Minhenga yayo inenge yakasviba, asi musoro wayo wakachena chose. Iye imhuka inonzi heraldic, chiratidzo chakasiyana, cheUnited States.
Ko makondo ari mungozi here?
Vanhu vave vachivhima gondo rendarama kana kuti kuchenesa matendere aro kwemazana emakore. Vaimuona semukwikwidzi nekuti aidya mhuka dzevanhu setsuro asiwo hwayana. Gondo regoridhe rakatsakatika muGermany yose, kunze kweBavarian Alps. Yakararama zvikurukuru mumakomo umo vanhu vaisagona kusvika matendere ayo.
Nyika dzakasiyana dzakachengetedza gondo kubva muzana ramakore rechi20. Kubva ipapo, nhamba dzemakondo dzakawedzera munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Germany, Austria, uye Switzerland.
Gondo rine muswe muchena rave richivhimwawo kwemazana emakore uye rakapotsa ratsakatika kumadokero kweEurope. MuGermany, akararama bedzi muhurumende dzehurumende dzeMecklenburg-Western Pomerania neBrandenburg. Imwe ngozi yakauya gare gare: chepfu yezvipembenene DDT yakaungana muhove uye nokudaro yakaisawo chepfu kugondo rine muswe muchena zvokuti mazai awo akanga asingabereki kana kuti kutotyoka.
Dzimwe nyika dzakabatsira nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kudzorera makondo ane muswe muchena. Mushonga wezvipembenene weDDT wakarambidzwa. Munguva yechando, gondo rine muswe muchena rinodyiswa kuwedzera. Dzimwe nguva matendere emakondo aitochengetedzwa nevazvipiri kuitira kuti makondo asavhiringidzwa kana kuti shiri duku dzibiwa nevatengesi vemhuka. Kubva 2005, haichanzi iri mungozi muGermany. MuAustria, gondo rine muswe muchena riri kutyisidzirwa nokutsakatika. Kunyanya munguva yechando, dzinodyawo zvakaora, kureva mhuka dzakafa. Izvi zvinogona kuva nemutobvu wakawanda, unopa chepfu kugondo rine muswe muchena. Zvitima zvinofamba kana tambo dzemagetsi zvine njodzi zvakare. Vamwe vanhu vachiri kuisa zviredzo zvine chepfu.
Gondo rine muswe muchena rakanga risati ravapo kumba kuSwitzerland. Kazhinji anouya somuenzi achipfuura. Mazizi uye makondo ane mavara maduku anoberekerawo kuGermany. Kune mamwe marudzi akawanda emakondo pasi rose.
Sei makondo achiwanzopfeka jasi remaoko?
Bhachi chifananidzo chinomiririra nyika, guta, kana mhuri. Kubva makare-kare vanhu vave vachifadzwa neshiri huru dzinobhururuka mudenga. Vatsvakurudzi vanotofungidzira kuti zita regondo rinobva pashoko rokuti "mukuru". VaGiriki vekare vaiona gondo sechiratidzo chaZeus, baba vavamwari, nepo vaRoma vaidavira kuti ndiJupiter.
MuMiddle Ages, zvakare, gondo rakanga riri chiratidzo chesimba roumambo nechiremera. Ndicho chikonzero nei madzimambo chete nemadzishe vaibvumirwa kushandisa gondo semhuka yavo yegondo. Saka akapinda mujasi remaoko enyika dzakawanda, semuenzaniso, Germany, Austria, Poland, uye Russia. Kunyangwe USA ine gondo crest, kunyangwe ivo vasina kumbove namambo. Gondo rekuAmerica igondo rine mhanza, uye Germany gondo regoridhe.