Mary Allen
Dziko la akavalo ndi lochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndipo limadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mahatchi. Komabe, nyamazo zimasiyana osati m’maonekedwe okha, komanso zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wawo komanso zofuna za kuweta kwawo. M'nkhaniyi, tikudziwitsani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akavalo ofunda mwatsatanetsatane.
Warmbloods - zamasewera komanso zokongola
Mahatchi a Warmblood ndi akavalo okonda masewera komanso okongola omwe amawetedwa moganizira kwambiri momwe nyama zimagwirira ntchito. Mfundo imeneyi ikugogomezera za kupambana kwakukulu mu nkhani ya kuvala ndi mawonetsero odumpha, omwe tsopano akupezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Mahatchi a Warmblood ali ndi luso lambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala otchuka kwambiri ndi okonda akavalo.
Makhalidwe a Mahatchi a Warmblood
Ma Warmbloods ali ndi mawonekedwe omwe amatha kuwonedwa mosadalira mtundu weniweni wa akavalo. Mwachitsanzo, nyama zokongolazi ndi zaluso kwambiri m’madera osiyanasiyana komanso zofatsa. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma jumpers kapena ma dressage, zomwe zimatengera mzere woswana. Ngati ndi mtundu wamphamvu wa warmblood, ukhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito poyendetsa.
Mahatchi a Warmblood ndi ochezeka kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi osavuta kuphunzitsa kuposa mahatchi kapena mahatchi oyendetsa galimoto. Amakonda kugwira ntchito nafe anthu ndikupeza chidaliro mwachangu kuposa akavalo ena. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi chidwi chambiri pantchito, zomwe ndizabwino kwambiri pophunzitsa kavalo wodumpha kapena kuvala, chifukwa iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yopezera zotsatira zabwino pamipikisano.
Koma sikuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera okha. Ndiwoyeneranso ngati akavalo omasuka kapena okwera ndi akavalo okwera. Ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso amafunitsitsa kumvera, choncho n’zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri okonda mahatchi amasangalala kugwira ntchito ndi ma warmbloods.
- wochezeka m'chilengedwe;
- wofuna kutchuka;
- wodekha;
- aluso ambiri;
- oyenera ngati dressage kapena kulumpha kavalo;
- akhoza kuphunzitsidwa bwino;
- amakonda kugwira ntchito ndi anthu;
- Komanso oyenera ngati nthawi yopuma, kukwera, ngolo, ndi kavalo wokokera.
Mitundu ya Warmblood mwachidule
Ma Warmbloods amaphatikizanso mitundu yambiri ya akavalo, omwe nawonso amakhala ndi mawonekedwe awoawo komanso zofunikira zawo. Tikudziwitsani zomwe zili pansipa.
Anglo Arab
Kumeneko: Poland, France
Kutalika: 155 - 165 cm
Kulemera kwake: 450-610kg
Khalidwe: wochezeka, wokonda kuchita, wamasewera.
Anglo-Arabian ndi wothamanga kwambiri komanso wamphamvu. Mtunduwu tsopano watha zaka 150 ndipo umachokera ku mtundu wa English Thoroughbreds ndi Arabian. Mtundu wa warmblod uwu umawetedwa makamaka ku England, Poland, ndi France. Iwo ali oyenera kwambiri ngati okwera pamahatchi ndi mahatchi othamanga. Iwo ndi odalirika komanso achangu, amakhala ndi mkwiyo, komanso amakonda anthu. Mahatchi okongolawa amadziwika ndi kukhudzika kwawo ndipo ndi amphamvu. Monga gawo lapadera ziyenera kutchulidwa kuti Anglo Arabian amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri kuyeretsa Oldenburger kapena Trakehner.
Appaloosa
Chiyambi: United States
Kutalika: 142 - 165 cm
Kulemera kwake: 430-570kg
Khalidwe: wanzeru, wofunitsitsa kuphunzira, waubwenzi, wodalirika.
Appaloosas amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana amasewera akumadzulo ndipo amatsimikizira kumeneko ndi kupambana kwakukulu. Amachokera ku akavalo a ku Spain ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poweta ziweto kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa zaka za m'ma 20, kotero kuti adapanga mikhalidwe ya mahatchi akumadzulo. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe awo osiyanasiyana a malo, omwe amakhala apadera kwa nyama iliyonse. Iwo ndi anzeru, amaphunzira mofulumira ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chikhalidwe chaubwenzi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala banja lodziwika bwino komanso kavalo wopuma. Chifukwa chamasewera a nyama, ndizoyeneranso maphunziro onse a equestrian ndi masewera othamanga.
Hatchi Yaku America
Chiyambi: United States
Kutalika: 150 - 163 cm
Kulemera kwake: 400-600kg
Khalidwe: wochezeka, wabwino, wofunitsitsa, wamphamvu.
Mtundu wa mahatchiwa unatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha mipikisano ya kota mtunda, yomwe inachitika, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 17, ndipo mahatchi akumadzulo anali oyenereradi. Zimagwira ntchito modalirika komanso zimakhala zopirira kwambiri. Pakadali pano, American Quarter Horse makamaka imasungidwa ngati kavalo wopumula ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana okwera kumadzulo. Mitundu ya akavaloyi imapezeka mumitundu yonse komanso imvi, mbewa dun, ndi pinto. Ili ndi khalidwe laubwenzi komanso lakhalidwe labwino ndipo limakonda kugwira ntchito ndi anthu ake. Popeza imapeza zotsatira zodabwitsa pakuchita bwino kwambiri, imakhalanso yoyenera ngati mahatchi othamanga ndipo imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana pamasewera okwera pamahatchi.
Camargue
Chiyambi: France
Kutalika: 135 - 150 cm
Kulemera kwake: 300-400kg
Khalidwe: wamphamvu, wamphamvu, wakhalidwe, wabwino, wanzeru.
Mitundu ya Camargue imachokera ku dera la France la Carmaque, komwe dzina limachokera. Ngakhale masiku ano nyama zakutchire zimakhala kumeneko. Ndizolimba kwambiri, komanso zamphamvu ndipo zimapezeka makamaka ngati nkhungu. Camargue amadziwika kuti ndi kavalo wabwino kwambiri yemwe amacheza kwambiri ndi anzawo, nyama zina komanso anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala ndi kupirira bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino. Ndiwotetezeka kwambiri panjira ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mahatchi okwera pamahatchi. Chifukwa cha nzeru zawo zapakati, zapamwamba kwambiri, amapindulanso bwino muzovala zapamwamba.
Criollo
Chiyambi: South America
Kutalika: 142 - 152 cm
Kulemera kwake: 400-550kg
Khalidwe: wamphamvu, wolimbikira, waubwenzi, wosasunthika.
Mtundu wa akavalo wa Criollo umachokera ku Argentina ndi madera ena a ku South America. Zomangidwa molimba, zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati ntchito ndi kukwera pamahatchi. Mahatchi a Criolli ndi amphamvu komanso opirira kwambiri. Amawonedwa ngati akavalo odekha kwambiri omwe amakonda kugwira ntchito ndi anthu ndipo amakhala oyenera makamaka ngati mahatchi apabanja chifukwa chaubwenzi wawo. Mitundu ya akavalo imeneyi imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yolimba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo chifukwa chake imatha kusungidwa ngakhale nyengo itakhala yovuta kwambiri.
Kavalo wa Friesian
Chiyambi: Netherlands
Kutalika: 155 - 175 cm
Kulemera kwake: 500-750kg
Khalidwe: wokakamiza, wamphamvu, wamphamvu, womvera, wochezeka.
Kavalo wotchedwa Friesian anachokera ku dzina lake chifukwa cha chiyambi chake m’chigawo cha Friesland ku Netherlands. Kumeneko ankawetedwa makamaka kuti azikoka ngolo ndi kukwera. Amachokera ku akavalo amphamvu ndipo ndi okongola, ochititsa chidwi, komanso amphamvu. Ndi kuswana koyenera, mahatchi akuda okha ndi omwe amafunidwa omwe sasonyeza zizindikiro zoyera. Friesians amaonedwa kuti ndi omvera kwambiri komanso ali ndi khalidwe laubwenzi. Komabe, si zophweka. Ndinu oleza mtima komanso odalirika. Komabe, ngati ali ndi chokumana nacho choipa kamodzi, amachitsutsa kwa anthu kwa moyo wawo wonse. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuti okonda akavalo okha azisunga akavalo a Friesian.
Hanoverian
Chiyambi: Germany
Kutalika: 148 - 180 cm
Kulemera kwake: 530-760kg
Khalidwe: wothamanga, wanzeru, wamphamvu, wochezeka, watcheru, wofunitsitsa kuphunzira, wolimba mtima.
The Hanoverian imalimbikitsa ndi machitidwe ake othamanga, kupirira kwake kwakukulu, ndi luntha lake. Chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri, mtundu wa mahatchiwa ndi umodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya kavalidwe komanso kudumpha padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa palibenso mtundu wina wa akavalo womwe wakwanitsa kuchita bwino ngati uwu. Amatha kuwoneka mumitundu yofiirira, nkhandwe, imvi, ndi yakuda. Iye ndi wochezeka kwambiri, watcheru komanso wofunitsitsa kuphunzira. Mtundu uwu ndi wolimba mtima ndipo umafuna kuchita, koma umadziwikanso chifukwa cha khalidwe lake lapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maphunziro asakhale ophweka nthawi zonse.
Holsteiners
Chiyambi: Germany
Kutalika: 165 - 175 cm
Kulemera kwake: 700-850kg
Khalidwe: wokhulupirika, wodalirika, wamtendere, wabwino, wolinganiza.
Mahatchi a Holsteiner amawetedwa ku Schleswig-Holstein ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kavalo wodumpha. Hatchi imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi yothamanga, yanzeru komanso yolimbikira. Imapezeka mumitundu yonse yomwe mungaganizire, koma izi siziphatikiza pinto. Ali ndi mawonekedwe amasewera komanso mawonekedwe othamanga. Nthawi zonse amakhala wodalirika komanso wokhulupirika kwa anthu ake. Ambiri a Holsteiners ndi okwiya, amtendere, ndi akhalidwe labwino, ngakhale kuti oimira mitundu ina amawonekera nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa cha kupsa mtima kwawo. Komabe, iwo si oyenera okwera odziwa, komanso oyamba.
Lipizzaner
Chiyambi: Slovenia
Kutalika: 148 - 162 cm
Kulemera kwake: 560-660kg
Khalidwe: tcheru, mzimu, wodalirika, wovuta, wosakhululuka, wochezeka.
Mitundu ya akavalo a Lipizzaner, yochokera ku Slovenia, imaberekedwanso ku Austria ndi mayiko ena ambiri masiku ano ndipo ndi imodzi mwa mahatchi akale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Lipizzaners ambiri ndi nkhungu zamkaka, zomwe zimabadwa mdima kenako pang'onopang'ono zimapepuka. Lipizzaners si zophweka kusunga. Amakhala omvera komanso okwiya. Zinyama zambiri zimathanso kukhala zamutu kwambiri, kotero zimangolimbikitsidwa kwa okwera odziwa bwino. Ndi kasamalidwe koyenera, nthawi zonse amakhala odalirika komanso ochezeka, komanso omvera eni ake.
Mecklenburger
Chiyambi: Germany
Kutalika: 160 - 170 cm
Kulemera kwake: 535-688kg
Khalidwe: wofunitsitsa kugwira ntchito, wodalirika, wodzaza ndi mphamvu, mzimu, wochezeka.
Mahatchi a ku Germany a Mecklenburger ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi a Hanoverian koma ang'onoang'ono mu kukula kwa thupi. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri ndi akavalo abulauni kapena nkhandwe. Monga lamulo, Mecklenburgers ndi nyama zololera zomwe zimasonyeza kufunitsitsa kuchita. Amatengedwa ngati akavalo ochezeka komanso akhalidwe labwino omwe amakonda kugwira ntchito modalirika ndi anthu awo. Nyama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera zimamva bwino kwambiri, makamaka zikadumphira, ndikuwonetsa mphamvu zambiri komanso kupsa mtima pano, komanso zimakonda kwambiri kuvala.
Oldenburg
Chiyambi: Germany
Kutalika: 165 - 179 cm
Kulemera kwake: 510-700kg
Khalidwe: wamphamvu, wamphamvu, wokhulupirika, wathanzi, wochezeka.
Mtundu wa akavalo wa Oldenburg unayambira kumpoto kwa Germany, kumene poyamba unkawetedwa ngati kavalo wamphamvu wokoka ngolo. Chifukwa cha kuwoloka kotsatira ndi mitundu ina, Oldenburg tsopano imatengedwa ngati kavalo wokwera kwambiri, yemwe nthawi zonse amakhala wokhulupirika kwa wokwera. Kuphatikiza apo, amadziwika kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Chifukwa cha luso lake losiyanasiyana, Oldenburg nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito povala zovala kapena kudumpha.
Utoto Hatchi
Chiyambi: United States
Kutalika: 150 - 158 cm
Kulemera kwake: 470-600kg
Khalidwe: lamphamvu, lolimbikira, lofulumira, mitsempha yamphamvu, yaubwenzi, yotsimikizika.
Mitundu ya piebald Paint Horse inachokera ku mtundu wodziwika bwino wa mahatchi a American Quarter Horse ndipo ndi otchuka kwambiri ngati akavalo osangalatsa komanso nyama zabanja. Imaonedwa kuti ndi yamphamvu komanso yolimbikira ndi liwiro lalikulu, kotero kuti ili yoyenera makamaka pamipikisano yaufupi ndi maphunziro ena okwera kumadzulo. Amaonedwa kuti ali ndi mitsempha yamphamvu komanso ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa msewu ndipo ndi yotsimikizika. Ndi nyama zamphamvu zomwe zimamva bwino kwambiri m'khola lotseguka pa msipu.
Tennessee Walking Horse
Chiyambi: United States
Kutalika: 153 - 163 cm
Kulemera kwake: 410-540kg
Khalidwe: wathanzi, wamtendere, wochezeka.
Tennessee Walking Horse ndi kavalo wothamanga, kutanthauza kuti ali ndi maulendo apadera kuphatikizapo maulendo omwe amayendera. M'gulu la akavalo awa, awa ndi maulendo oyenda mopanda phokoso komanso othamanga, omwe amawaona kukhala omasuka komanso osangalatsa kukwera. Kutengera ndi mzere woswana womwe amagwirizana nawo, amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Ku USA, mahatchiwa ndi otchuka kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawonetsero osiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa mahatchiwa umaonedwa kuti ndi wathanzi komanso wautali, ndipo uli ndi khalidwe lachikondi ndi laubwenzi.
Anayankha
Chiyambi: Germany
Kutalika: 160 - 170 cm
Kulemera kwake: 460-670kg
Khalidwe: wosinthasintha, wopambana, wokongola, wamasewera, wachisomo, wachikondi, wochezeka.
Trakehner idachokera ku East Prussia ndipo imatengedwa ngati mtundu wofunika kwambiri wokwera pamahatchi ku Germany. Komanso amasangalala kwambiri kutchuka padziko lonse. Amakhala osinthasintha kwambiri ndipo amapezeka nthawi zonse muzovala komanso pamipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi, komwe amapeza bwino kwambiri. Zitha kubwera mumitundu yonse ndipo zimakhala zokongola, zamasewera, komanso zokongola. Trakehners ndi ochezeka, achikondi, ndi oleza mtima, kotero iwo sali panyumba pa masewera, komanso otchuka kwambiri ngati akavalo a banja.
Kutsiliza
Mitundu ya akavalo yomwe imatchulidwa kuti ndi yotentha nthawi zambiri imakhala yochezeka kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera osiyanasiyana. Komabe, iwo sali amphamvu okha komanso amapeza chidaliro mwachangu mwa anthu m'banja. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti musanagule kavalo, nthawi zonse muzilimbana ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wake komanso kuti zosowa zomwe nyama zamagazi zotenthazi zimayika pozisunga zikwaniritsidwe 100 peresenti kuti nyamazo zizimva bwino nthawi zonse. Ndiye palibe chomwe chimayima panjira ya nthawi wamba komanso yosaiwalika yokongola komanso mwina yopambana.