Mary Allen
Pafupifupi kulikonse kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa United States - mpaka kumpoto monga ku Indiana komanso kumadzulo kwa Texas - njoka yomwe ikusambira kupita ku bwato lanu ikhoza kukhala moccasin yamadzi oopsa kwambiri (Agkistrodon piscivorus) kuposa njoka yamadzi yopanda vuto. Ma moccasins amadzi ndi njoka zam'madzi, kutanthauza kuti ali ndi matupi akuluakulu, olemetsa komanso mitu itatu. Njoka ina imodzi imatengera makhalidwe amenewa, koma muyenera kudziwa zambiri kuti mudziwe bwino. Mwamwayi, ma moccasins am'madzi ali ndi zizindikiro zosadziwika bwino komanso kusambira, kotero ngakhale kuchita mantha kupeza imodzi ndikotheka, sikophweka.
Cottonmouths amatha kusaka nyama m'madzi kapena pamtunda. Amadya nsomba, zoyamwitsa zazing'ono, mbalame, amphibians, ndi zokwawa - kuphatikiza njoka zina komanso ngakhale ang'onoang'ono amadzi moccasins, malinga ndi University of Michigan's Animal Diversity Web (ikutsegula mu tabu yatsopano) (ADW).
Madzi moccasin mawonekedwe
Moccasin yamadzi imatha kuwoneka ngati yofiirira kapena yakuda, koma ngati muyang'anitsitsa mutha kusiyanitsa magulu akuda ndi achikasu ozungulira thupi lake lomwe lili ndi masikelo kwambiri. Ngati njokayo ndi yaying'ono mokwanira, zizindikirozi zikhoza kukhala zowala. Ngakhale kuti si mawonekedwe a diamondi, maguluwa amakumbukira zizindikiro za rattlesnake, zomwe zimakhala zomveka chifukwa rattlesnake ndi wachibale.
Mofanana ndi njoka zonse za m'dzenje, moccasin wamadzi ali ndi khosi lochepa kwambiri kuposa mutu wake wa katatu ndi thupi lamphamvu. Mwina simungafune kuyandikira kwambiri kuti muwone izi, koma moccasin wamadzi ali ndi ana oyima owoneka ngati ting'onoting'ono, m'malo mwa ana ozungulira a njoka zam'madzi zopanda vuto. Ilinso ndi mzere umodzi wa mamba pamchira wake, mosiyana ndi njoka zopanda ululu, zomwe zimakhala ndi mizere iwiri pafupi ndi inzake.
Cottonmouths ndi madzi moccasins
Madzi a moccasin amadziwikanso kuti cottonmouth, ndipo chifukwa chake chimachokera ku kaimidwe kodzitchinjiriza komwe njoka imatengera ikaopsezedwa. Amakulunga thupi lake, akukweza mutu wake ndikutsegula pakamwa pake momwe angathere. Khungu la mkamwa mwa njokayo ndi loyera ngati thonje - choncho amatchedwa cottonmouth. Mukawona khalidweli, ndi nthawi yoti mubwerere, pang'onopang'ono koma mofulumira, chifukwa njoka yakonzeka kugunda.
Madzi Moccasins Amakonda Madzi
Simudzawona moccasins wamadzi kutali ndi madzi. Amakonda maiwe, nyanja ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi chakudya chochuluka kuti agwire. Cottonmouths amadya nsomba, amphibians, mbalame, nyama zoyamwitsa, ana ang'onoang'ono, ndi milomo yaing'ono ya thonje.
Cottonmouth yosambira imasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi njoka yamadzi wamba. Imasunga mbali yaikulu ya thupi lake pamwamba pa madzi, pafupifupi ngati ikusambira. Komano, njoka za m’madzi zimasunga matupi awo ambiri m’madzi; mutu wokha ukuwoneka.
Akasasambira, ma moccasins am'madzi amakonda kuvina dzuwa pamiyala ndi zipika pafupi ndi madzi. Sakwera mitengo, kotero kuti simuyenera kudandaula kuti mudzagwetsa dontho pamutu panu, koma ngati mukuyenda m'mphepete mwa mtsinje kapena nyanja - ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira - ndi bwino kuyang'ana mbali yakutali ya nyanja. lowetsani musanadutse.
Chenjerani ndi otsanzira
Njoka ya m'madzi (Nerodia fasciata) imatsanzira mikhalidwe ya moccasin yam'madzi kuti isangalale ndi mapindu a njira yoperekera utsi popanda kukhala ndi imodzi mwa izo. Amagwedeza mutu ndi thupi lake pamene akuopsezedwa kuti awonetse thupi lamafuta a moccasin ndi mutu wa katatu kuposa momwe amachitira. Komabe, si malingaliro angwiro. Zimatsutsidwa ndi torso yowonda kwambiri ya njoka yamadzi, mchira wautali kwambiri, wopapatiza, ndi zolembera zomwe sizikhala zakuda kumchira monga zolembera pamadzi a moccasin.
Ngakhale siinayesedwe, njoka yam'madzi yomangirira imawoneka yofanana ndi moccasin yamadzi, koma kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo ndi dzenje lozindikira kutentha, lomwe limapatsa njoka zam'dzenje dzina lawo. Ili pamphumi pamwamba ndi pakati pa mphuno za madzi moccasin. Njoka ya m'madzi yomangirira ilibe dzenje loterolo.
Kodi ma moccasins ambiri amadzi amapezeka kuti?
Ma moccasins amadzi amapezeka kum'mawa kwa US kuchokera ku Great Dismal Swamp kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Virginia, kumwera kudzera ku Florida peninsula ndi kumadzulo mpaka ku Arkansas, kum'mawa ndi kumwera kwa Oklahoma, ndi kumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa Georgia (kupatula Lake Lanier ndi Lake Allatoona).
Kodi chimapha cottonmouth ndi chiyani?
Njoka za m’nyanja zimakana mwachibadwa ku poizoni wa njoka ndipo nthawi zonse zimapha ndi kudya thonje, rattlesnakes, ndi copperheads.
Kodi moccasin yam'madzi imatha kufika pati?
Ma cottonmouth okhwima amatha kufika mamita asanu ndi limodzi m'litali koma ambiri ndi ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri mamita atatu mpaka anayi. Njoka imanyamula mutu wake pamtunda wa madigiri 45 ndipo imatha kuzindikira kusuntha kwa mtunda wa mapazi osachepera makumi asanu.
Kodi mumakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji mutaluma moccasin yamadzi?
Odwala omwe amabwera pambuyo polumidwa ndi thonje ayenera kuyang'aniridwa kwa maola asanu ndi atatu atatha kumwa mowa. Ngati palibe zizindikiro zakuthupi kapena zamagazi mkati mwa maola asanu ndi atatu, ndiye kuti wodwalayo atha kutulutsidwa kunyumba.
Kodi mumachotsa bwanji ma moccasins amadzi?
Kodi moccasin wamadzi angalume pansi pamadzi?
Kupatula njoka za m'nyanja, pali njoka ziwiri zomwe zimakonda kukhala m'madzi kapena pafupi ndi madzi - cottonmouth (moccasin yamadzi) ndi njoka yamadzi. Sikuti njoka zimatha kuluma pansi pamadzi, komanso ma moccasins am'madzi amalowa mndandanda wamitundu yopitilira 20 ya njoka zapoizoni ku United States zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoopsa kwambiri.
Kodi ma moccasins amadzi ndi ankhanza?
Ma moccasins amadzi sali ankhanza, ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amatero. Njira yabwino yopewera matendawa ndi kuyesetsa kuti muwapewe. Mukawaponda mwangozi, amatha kukalipa ndikuluma ngati mwachibadwa kudziteteza.