Mary Allen
Nyerere zimagwira ntchito popanda mtsogoleri wodziwika amene amapatsa ntchitoyo. Monga ngati kuti zinali zoona, nyerere zimagwira ntchito zofunika popanda ntchito inayake. Iwo amatha ngakhale ntchito zovuta zaulimi. Asayansi ku Melbourne ali ndi lingaliro kuti anthufe titha kutenga chitsanzo kuchokera ku gulu la nyerere kuti tithe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto komanso kukonza njira zamafakitale. Nyererezi zimaperekanso yankho ku funso lafilosofi lonena za mmene anthu amalinganizidwira.
Tangoganizani msewu wodzaza ndi anthu omwe ali ndi magalimoto apang'onopang'ono. Ndipo tsopano lingalirani khwalala lapafupi kumene nyerere mazanamazana zikuyenda mwakachetechete kwambiri pamzere. Pamene oyendetsa galimoto akupsa mtima ndipo sakuchita china chilichonse, nyerere zimanyamula chakudya chawo kuchisa, zimagwirizana mwamphamvu ndikuchita ntchito yawo.
Pulofesa Bernd Meyer wochokera ku dipatimenti ya IT pa yunivesite ya Monash ku Melbourne wapereka moyo wake wogwira ntchito kwa nyerere komanso luso lawo lopanga zisankho. “Nyerere zimapanga zosankha zovuta kwambiri,” iye akufotokoza motero. "Mwachitsanzo, nyerere zimapeza chakudya chabwino kwambiri komanso njira yofulumira kwambiri yobwerera popanda akatswiri odziwa zamayendedwe."
Payekha, tizilombo sizochenjera kwenikweni, koma palimodzi amatha kugwirizanitsa ntchito zawo bwino. Pali zambiri zimene tingaphunzire pa zimenezi. “Mmene nyerere zimadzikonzera zimatithandiza kudziwa mmene mayendedwe angayendere bwino ndikupereka njira zowongoleredwa ndi fakitale.
Kuthana ndi ntchito zovuta
Nthawi zina nyerere zimayerekezedwa ndi mizinda chifukwa pali anthu ambirimbiri pa nthawi imodzi amene amayendetsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zovuta. Gulu lodyeramo chakudya limapanga mzati wa breadcrumb m’mphepete mwa msewu, gulu lina limasamalira ana, pamene ena amamanga kapena kuteteza chisa cha nyerere, mwachitsanzo. Ngakhale kuti ntchitozo zimagwiridwa mwaluso kwambiri, “palibe amene amakhala pamenepo amene amagawira ntchitozo n’kunena kuti, ‘Awiri inu pitani mbali ina ndipo atatu inu mukateteze chitetezo,’” anatero Pulofesa Meyer.
Nyerere zonse zimasankha paokha, zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimakhudzana ndi malo omwe ali pafupi. Palibe amene amayang'anitsitsa chithunzi chachikulu koma koloniyo ili ndi chithunzithunzi ngati chamoyo chapamwamba kwambiri. Amatha kugawa antchito ngati koloni m'njira yoti zosowa zonse ndi zofunika zitheke. ” Mpaka pano, palibe amene akudziwa momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito ndi nyerere.
Pulofesa Meyer amaphunziranso mitundu ya matope, "omwe si tizilombo tamagulu, koma amagwirabe ntchito limodzi". "Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi ma amoebas ndikuti amakhala ngati magulu a maselo osiyana kwa nthawi ndithu, kenako n'kuphatikizana mwadzidzidzi. Selo lalikulu latsopanoli lili ndi ma nuclei angapo ndipo kenako limagwira ntchito ngati chamoyo chimodzi.
Pulofesa Meyer amagwira ntchito ndi Pulofesa Wothandizira Martin Burd wochokera ku Sukulu ya Biological Sciences ku Monash University, pakati pa ena. Akatswiri a zamoyo ndi makompyuta amaona nyerere mosiyanasiyana, koma kufufuza kwawo “kumagwirizana kotheratu,” malinga ndi kunena kwa Pulofesa Meyer. “Sizithandiza kuti akatswiri a zamoyo ayambe ayesa kaye kenako n’kutumiza deta yawo kuti tiziwasanthula. Chilichonse chimachitidwa mogwirizana - ndipo ndilo gawo losangalatsa. Zimatenga nthawi kuti mupeze chilankhulo chofala, koma kenako mumafika pomwe kuganiza kumalumikizana ndikupangidwanso lingaliro latsopano. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zatsopano zitheke poyambirira. ”
Monga katswiri wa sayansi ya makompyuta, ali ndi chidwi chofuna “kudziŵa mfundo zazikulu za masamu” zimene zimayendetsa khalidwe la nyerere. "Timapanga mawonekedwe a algorithmic a momwe nyerere zimalumikizirana. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo imene tingathe kuthetseratu khalidwe lovuta la nyerere,” anatero Pulofesa Meyer.
Chitsanzo cha khalidwe
Asayansi amafufuza nyerere paokha kenako n’kupanga chitsanzo cha kakhalidwe ka anthu masauzande ambiri kwa nthawi yaitali. Amayesa kubwereza zomwe akuwona poyesera, kutsimikizira kuti chitsanzo chawo chikugwirizana ndi zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa, ndiyeno amagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzocho kuti adziwonetsere ndi kufotokoza khalidwe losawonedwa.
Mwachitsanzo, pophunzira nyerere ya Pheidole megacephala, Meyer anapeza kuti akapeza gwero la chakudya, samangokhalira kusonkhana kumeneko monga zamoyo zina zambiri, koma amalingaliranso chisankho chawo pamene chidziwitso chatsopano chikupezeka. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani tikawapatsa chakudya chabwinoko? Mitundu yambiri inganyalanyaze izi kotheratu, osatha kuzolowera kusinthaku. Komabe, Pheidole megacephala angapatuke.
Atsamunda akanatha kusankha njira yabwinoko chifukwa nyerere zinapanga chisankho cholakwika. Choncho zolakwa za aliyense payekha zinali zofunika kuti gulu lonse lisinthe zisankho. “Zitsanzo zathu zinaneneratu zimenezi tisanapeze zamoyo zimene zimachitadi zimenezo,” akufotokoza motero Profesa Meyer.
“Ngati munthuyo salakwitsa kapena kuchita zinthu mosayenera, maganizo a gulu amatenga malo ndipo mwadzidzidzi aliyense amachita chimodzimodzi. Mutha kupanga masamu ndipo zikuwoneka ngati mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masamu pamakina ena - machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magulu a anthu. "
Mitundu yopitilira 12,500 yadziwika mpaka pano, koma pafupifupi 22,000 imakhulupirira kuti ilipo. Pulofesa Meyer anati: “Nyerere zimayenda bwino kwambiri ndi chilengedwe. Iwo ali pafupifupi kulikonse. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa - chifukwa chiyani amasinthasintha?"
Pulofesa Meyer amaphunziranso nyerere zodula masamba komanso nyerere za ku Asia. Nyerere za Leafcutter sizidya masamba omwe amadzibweretsanso ku chisa chawo - zimawagwiritsa ntchito polima. Amawadyetsa bowa omwe amalima ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya. Apanso, iyi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yokonzekera. ” Nyerere zoluka nsalu za ku Asia ndizofunika kwambiri pakupanga mango ku Queensland, komwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo. Malinga ndi Pulofesa Meyer, ntchito za chilengedwe zomwe nyerere zimaperekedwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepera.
Maudindo ofunikira
Pulofesa Meyer amaphunziranso za njuchi, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizofunika kwambiri pakufalitsa mungu wa zomera, koma 'nyerere ndizofunikanso kwambiri pa chilengedwe'. Mwachitsanzo, nyerere zimakonza dothi. Amamwaza mbewu ndipo amatha kuwonjezera zokolola zaulimi. Sizikudziwika kuti nyerere (monga njuchi) zimakhudzidwa bwanji ndi poizoni wa chilengedwe komanso kusintha kwa nyengo.
“Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe tikuyesera kumvetsetsa. Ngati mavuto a zachilengedwe awonjezeka, kodi nyerere za ku Queensland, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mango zikamatani? Kodi ndiye tidzawona zotsatira zofanana ndi njuchi?" Nyerere zomwe zili m’gulu lililonse zimakhala ndi mayi mmodzi. Kuchokera ku lingaliro lachisinthiko, ndizomveka kuti nyerere payokha ipereke nsembe kuti ipindule ndi koloni; Nyerere ndi osewera a timu.
Anthu amafunikira kwambiri kudziyimira pawokha komanso kudziyimira pawokha. Komabe, mabungwe onga nyerere nthawi zina amatha kuthandiza m'malo a anthu. Pulofesa Meyer akuti mafakitale ambiri akuwongolera magwiridwe antchito awo pogwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu ochokera ku machitidwe a nyerere. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, makampani a vinyo aku Australia.
Nyerere zimakopa anthu. Akuganiza kuti chifukwa chake chagona pa moyo wotanganidwa, wokonda ntchito za nyerere, zomwe zimadzutsa “funso lalikulu la filosofi. Kodi magulu amapangidwa bwanji? Kodi tingatani kuti tikhale ndi anthu amene amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zinthu ziwayendere bwino popanda kuwaumiriza malamulo ochokera kumwamba?”
Kodi nyerere zingalankhule?
Nyerere zimagwiritsa ntchito phokoso polankhulana. Ngakhale nyama zoswana zimatha kutulutsa ma acoustic, monga momwe ofufuza adatha kutsimikizira kwa nthawi yoyamba. Nyerere sizidziŵika kuti zimalankhula kwambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito mbali yaikulu ya kulankhulana kwawo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, otchedwa pheromones.
Dzina la nyerere wamkazi ndi chiyani?
Gulu la nyerere lili ndi mfumukazi, antchito, ndi amuna. Ogwira ntchito alibe kugonana, kutanthauza kuti si amuna kapena akazi, ndipo alibe mapiko.
Kodi nyerere zimasinthanitsa bwanji zambiri?
Nyerere zimadyetsana madzi osefukira. Amasinthanitsa zidziwitso zofunika kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino wamtundu wonse. Nyerere sizimangogawana ntchito, komanso chakudya.
Kodi nyerere ndi chiyani?
Nyerere ili ndi miyendo isanu ndi umodzi ndi thupi lomwe lagawidwa magawo atatu ndipo lili ndi mutu, chifuwa, ndi mimba. Nyerere zimatha kukhala zofiira-bulauni, zakuda, kapena zachikasu kutengera mtundu wake. Ali ndi zida zopangidwa ndi chitin, chinthu cholimba kwambiri.