Mary Allen
Akamba ndi zokwawa. Pali kusiyana pakati pa akamba ndi akamba, ena amakhala m’madzi abwino ndipo ena amakhala m’madzi amchere. Kamba amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 100, ndipo kamba wamkulu amakhala wamkulu kuposa kale.
Akamba amadya makamaka zitsamba za m’dambo. Akagwidwa, amathanso kudyetsedwa letesi ndipo nthawi zina zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba. Akamba am'nyanja amakonda squid, nkhanu, kapena jellyfish ngati chakudya. Mitundu yomwe imakhala m'madzi opanda mchere imadya zomera, nsomba zazing'ono, kapena mphutsi za tizilombo.
Akamba ndi nyama zozizira choncho zimakhala zotanganidwa kwambiri kukafunda. M'nyengo yozizira amagona kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi pa kutentha kwa madigiri anayi Celsius. Panthawi imeneyi amapumula osadya kalikonse.
Akamba amaikira mazira m’chilimwe. Yaikazi imakumba dzenje ndi mapazi akumbuyo kuti ayikiremo mazira. Mazirawa amakwiriridwa ndi kuswa pansi chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa. Amayi sasamalanso. Kwa zamoyo zina, kutentha kwa ma incubation ndiko kumatsimikizira ngati akamba amphongo kapena aakazi amaswa. Monga precocial, iwo ndiye nthawi yomweyo paokha. Iwonso pambuyo pake moyo okha.
Kodi thanki imakula bwanji?
Mu chisinthiko, zida zankhondo zidayamba kuchokera kunthiti. Pamwamba pake pamera chikopa cha nyanga. Akamba ena, nyanga zakunja zimagwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuyambiranso, pomwe nyanga zatsopano zimamera pansi. Mu akamba ena, mphete zapachaka zimawonekera, zofanana ndi zomwe zili mu thunthu la mtengo. Munjira zonse ziwiri, chipolopolocho chimakula ndi nyama yaying'ono.
Chifukwa cha chigobacho, kamba satha kupuma ngati nyama zina. Sizingatalikitse chifuwa pamene mukupuma ndikuchisiya kuti chigwere pamene mukupuma. Kamba amakokera mpweya potambasula miyendo yonse inayi kunja. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapapu akule ndikuyamwa mpweya. Kuti atulutse mpweya, amakoka miyendo yake kumbuyo pang'ono.
Kodi akamba ndi otani?
Akamba ali m'gulu la nyama zomwe zimatha kukhala zaka zazikulu kwambiri. Komabe, kamba Wachigiriki amangofika pa avareji ya zaka khumi m’chilengedwe. Akamba am’nyanja nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka 75 kapena kuposerapo. Kamba wamphongo Adwaita akuti adakhala wamkulu kwambiri. Anafera kumalo osungira nyama ku India ali ndi zaka 256. Komabe, zaka zake siziri zotsimikizirika kotheratu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafikiranso kukula kwa thupi kosiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chipolopolocho chimakhala chotalika masentimita khumi mpaka makumi asanu. Akamba akuluakulu kuzilumba za Galapagos amapitilira mita imodzi. Akamba am'nyanja amatalika kwambiri. Mitundu yayitali kwambiri imafika kutalika kwa chipolopolo cha mamita awiri ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndipo imalemera ma kilogalamu 900. Kamba wina wa chikopa wotere anakokoloka pagombe ku Wales wokhala ndi chipolopolo chotalika masentimita 256. Analemera makilogalamu 916. Motero inali yaitali kuposa bedi komanso yolemera kuposa galimoto yaing'ono.
Akamba am'nyanja ndi aluso kwambiri pakuthawira pansi. Amapanga kuya kwa 1500 metres. Kawirikawiri, amafunika kubwera kuti apume. Koma mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi chikhodzodzo mu cloaca, i.e. potsegula pansi. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti atulutse mpweya m’madzi. Ndiwopambana kwambiri ndi akamba a musk. Ali ndi zibowo zapadera m’khosi mwawo zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito potulutsa mpweya m’madzi. Izi zimawathandiza kukhala pansi pa madzi kwa miyezi itatu panthawi ya hibernation.
Kodi Akamba Ali Pangozi?
Akamba akuluakulu amatetezedwa bwino ndi chipolopolo chawo. Komabe, abuluzi ndi abuluzi ambiri okhala ndi zida ndi oopsa kwa iwo. Amatha kuswa thanki mosavuta ndi nsagwada zawo zolimba.
Mazira ndi ana ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri. Nkhandwe zimalanda zisa. Mbalame ndi nkhanu zimagwira akamba omwe angobadwa kumene popita kunyanja. Koma anthu ambiri amakondanso kudya mazira kapena nyama zamoyo. Akamba ambiri ankadyedwa, makamaka pa Lenti. Oyenda panyanja anadzaza pazilumba ndi magombe okhala ndi akamba akuluakulu. Ngakhale masiku ano, nyama zambiri zimagwidwa kuthengo n’kuzipanga kukhala ziweto.
Akamba ambiri amafa ndi poizoni amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi. Malo awo okhalamo amasinthidwa kukhala malo olimidwa ndipo motero amasochera. Misewu imadutsa m'malo awo okhala ndipo imalepheretsa kubereka kwawo.
Akamba ambiri a m’nyanja amafa chifukwa chodya pulasitiki. Matumba apulasitiki amawoneka ngati nsomba za jellyfish kwa akamba, omwe amakonda kudya. Amatsamwitsidwa kapena kufa chifukwa cha pulasitikiyo m'mimba mwawo. Choyipa ndichakuti kamba wakufa amawola m'madzi, kutulutsa pulasitiki ndikutha kupha akamba ambiri.
Thandizo linabwera mu 1975 kudzera mu Msonkhano wa Washington pa International Trade in Endangered Species. Panganoli lapakati pa mayiko ambiri limaletsa kapena kuletsa malonda a nyama zomwe zatsala pang’ono kutha. Zimenezi zinabweretsa mpumulo. M’mayiko ambiri, asayansi ndi anthu ongodzipereka amadzipereka kuti akonze zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, amateteza zisa zawo ndi mipiringidzo ku nkhandwe kapenanso kuziphimba usana ndi usiku kwa nyama ndi anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany abweza kamba ka m’dziwe komweko.