Pali Nkhuku Zokoma Kulikonse

Nkhuku zimakhala zamanyazi, zimaikira mazira, ndipo zimakanda m’dothi. Ngakhale kuti chithunzi chodziwika bwino cha nkhuku si cholakwika, nkhuku ndizosiyana kwambiri. Kusiyana kwa zofuna ndi khalidwe la mitundu yambiri ya nkhuku ndizopambana.

Kuweta nkhuku ndi kwamakono. Ndizothandiza kuperekedwa ndi dzira pafupifupi tsiku lililonse - ndi limodzi lochokera kodziwika, kuti musade nkhawa ndi momwe nkhuku zimakhalira. Ndipo zimakoma kuposa zomwe zimachokera ku ulimi wa nkhuku za mafakitale. Ngati muweta nkhuku, dimba lanu limakhala lotanganidwa nthawi zonse. Kuyang'ana nyamazo kumakhala kosangalatsa komanso kochititsa chidwi, chifukwa zimayenda pafupifupi tsiku lonse, kufunafuna chakudya, kumenyera udindo, kudzikongoletsa, kukanda, kapena chibwenzi. Kuonjezera apo, nkhuku za m’munda zimadyanso tizilombo toononga monga nkhupakupa, nyerere, mbozi, ndi nkhono. Amathira udzu ndi zitosi zawo ndikuwonjezera mtundu wamunda.

Koma sikuti nkhuku iliyonse imakwanira mlimi aliyense komanso dimba lililonse. Mulimonsemo, m'pofunika kusankha nkhuku yamtundu. Ndi nkhuku yamitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena yosakanizidwa, zodabwitsa zosasangalatsa zimatha kuchitika kunja komanso malinga ndi mawonekedwe. Mu nkhuku zamtundu, mawonekedwe akunja monga mawonekedwe a thupi, mtundu wa khungu ndi nthenga, ndi nthenga zimakhala zofanana nthawi zonse. Koma mikhalidwe ya mkati monga chibadwa cha chibadwa, mtundu, kapena nambala ndi kukula kwa mazirawo ndi okhazikika ndipo amasiyana pang’ono ndi nyama.

Dziwani komwe muli

Pakali pano pali mitundu yopitilira 150 mu muyezo waku Europe. Choncho palibe chosowa chosankha. Ngakhale kuti chizoloŵezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha mtundu uliwonse wa nkhuku chimakhala chofanana, makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe amatha kusiyana kwambiri pakati pa mitundu. Mkati mwa mtunduwo, kumbali ina, pali zosiyana zochepa zomwe zingasinthidwe pang'ono pozisunga. Aliyense amene asankha mtundu winawake, motero, amadziwa zomwe akudzilowetsamo. Pogula nkhuku, simuyenera kuyang'ana makamaka mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a nyama, koma pamikhalidwe yoyenera. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yosangalalira mnzanu wa nthenga kwa nthawi yayitali ndikupewa kukhumudwa. Koma kodi mumasankha bwanji nkhuku yomwe ikugwirizana ndi inu komanso momwe zinthu zilili?

Si Mitundu Yonse Ndi Winter Hardy

Mikhalidwe yakunja iyenera kuganiziridwa. Ngati pali malo ochepa m'khola komanso m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi bwino kugula mtundu wamba. Nkhuku zotere zimatenga malo ochepa, koma zimatha kuuluka bwino. Ngakhale nkhuku nthawi zambiri sizimawuluka bwino, mitundu yaying'ono, yopepuka imatha kuyenda mkati mwa mpanda wa mainchesi 60. Makamaka mabantamu achi Dutch kapena ma Appenzeller pointed hoods amadziwika chifukwa cha luso lawo lothawirako.

Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri nkhuku zimakhala zolimba, si mitundu yonse ya nkhuku zomwe zimapirira mofanana ndi kutentha kwambiri. Nkhuku za Rhineland kapena nkhuku za Appenzell Bart, mwachitsanzo, zimaonedwa kuti ndizolimba kwambiri, zimatha kunyalanyaza kutentha. Ndi timizere tawo tating'ono, palibe chowopsa chilichonse kuti mawonekedwe awo amaso azitha kuzizira. Komano, Minorcas, okhala ndi zitunda zazikulu zosongoka, amakhala ndi malo ofunda kwambiri. M'madera athu, ziyenera kusamalidwa bwino m'miyezi yozizira. Komabe, nkhuku zimapirira bwino kuzizira kusiyana ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Kutentha kwabwino kwa nkhuku ndi pakati pa madigiri khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri mpaka makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi atatu. Ndiye kutentha kwa thupi la nkhuku kumakhalabe kosasintha.

Nkhuku imafunikanso kukhala pamalo ozungulira komanso ndi eni ake. Ngati ndinu wokondwa kwambiri, kupeza mtundu wodekha sikungobwezera. Popeza kuti maganizo awo kaŵirikaŵiri amasamutsidwira kwa nyamazo, nyama zaukali mosapeŵeka zimachita mantha, zimakupiza mozungulira, ndipo mwinamwake kudzivulaza pochita zimenezi. N’zoona kuti mwini nyamayo angayambe kumukhulupirira. Komabe, sangapambane mofanana ndi nkhuku zonse, chifukwa mitundu ina mwachibadwa imakhala yokayikitsa kuposa ina.

Mitundu ya nkhuku zochokera ku Asia, monga Ko Shamo, imatengedwa kuti ndi yodalirika kwambiri. Mitundu ya ku Mediterranean, kumbali ina, imakhala yamanyazi komanso yosungidwa, pamene nkhuku ya Appenzeller pointed-crested yadzipangira dzina ngati nkhuku yofuna kudziwa komanso yopupuluma. Amene ali ndi ana ayenera kusankha mtundu wabata. Nyamazi zimayamba kukhulupirirana ndipo, pakapita nthawi, zimayambanso kudya tirigu m'manja ndikudzilola kuti zikhudzidwe pothamanga.

Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi nkhuku za mazira, musamasunge mtundu womwe umadziwika kuti ndi woswana. Chifukwa nkhuku zikakhala “zosangalala” (zosakanizika), siziikiranso mazira. Makamaka Orpingtons ndi Chabos amakonda kukhala pa mazira. Leghorn ndi Italiya amadziwika kuti ndi abwino kwambiri ogulitsa mazira. Nkhuku ya ku Japan imakhala ndi mbiri yoikira mazira 365 pachaka.

Kuwonongeka kwa Kusankha Kwamitundu

Komano, ngati mukufuna kupindula ndi nyama ya nkhuku, muyenera kupeza nkhuku za Mechelen. Mitundu ya ku Belgium ili ndi thupi lolemera makilogalamu oposa anayi ndipo imaonetsetsa kuti muwotcha wamkulu mumphika. Ngati simungathe kusankha ngati mukufuna mazira kapena nyama, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kukhala ndi zolinga ziwiri. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu monga Welsumer yokhala ndi mazira 160 pachaka kapena Sussex yokhala ndi mazira 180 pachaka.

Ngati mukukhudzidwa ndi ukhondo wa zinyama, musasankhe mtundu wokhala ndi mapazi a nthenga. Masiku amvula, izi zimabweretsa chinyezi chochuluka ndi dothi mu khola, ndipo mlimi wa nkhuku ayenera kutenga matsache ndi mafosholo moyenerera.

Mukasankha mtundu, mumawonongeka kuti musankhe mtundu wa nthenga - ndipo ili tsopano ndi funso la kukoma. Nthenga za nkhuku zimakhala ndi mitundu yambirimbiri. Muli ndi mwayi wosankha kwambiri ndi ma Wyandotte ochepa omwe ali ndi mitundu 29 pano. N’zoona kuti nkhuku ndi paokha, ndipo ngakhale mitundu ina ili ndi nthenga, palibe nkhuku kapena tambala ngati ina.

Aliyense amene akufuna kutenga nkhuku koma sanasankhepo mtundu amafunsidwa kuti atsegule tsambalo. Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ndi mawonekedwe ake afotokozedwa patsamba lotsatira. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za izi, buku lakuti "Hühner und Zwerghühner" lolemba Horst Schmidt kuchokera ku nyumba yosindikizira ya Ulm ndi chisankho chabwino.