Matenda Ofala Kwa Akalulu

Akalulu ndi ziweto zodziwika kwambiri chifukwa anthu ena amapeza kuti mosiyana ndi ziweto zina zambiri, ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, zimatenga malo ochepa kusiyana ndi galu kapena mphaka, ndipo ndizosavuta kuzikondweretsa. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti akalulu ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo sadwala konse. Tsoka ilo, kulakwitsa koopsa komanso malingaliro olakwika nthawi yomweyo. Akalulu ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo ngakhale makoswe ang'onoang'ono amatha kudwala mwamsanga ndipo amafunika chithandizo cha ziweto. Mwachitsanzo, amathanso kudwala matenda monga anthu. Zimayamba ndi chimfine chaching'ono ndipo zimatha ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a mtima. M'nkhaniyi tiwona matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu akalulu, koma monga eni ake muyenera kuonana ndi veterinarian kuti mupewe kusintha kulikonse kwa chiweto chanu kuti mutengepo kanthu pazachipatala.

Matenda a ma virus mu akalulu

Akalulu amathanso kutenga ma virus. Kutengera ndi mtundu wanji, izi zitha kukhala zoyipa kwambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuti akalandire chithandizo ndi dotolo kuti akalulu achire msanga. Komabe, matenda ena a ma virus nawonso ndi owopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amapha akalulu m'mbuyomu. Choncho samalani, chifukwa matenda a ma virus nthawi zambiri amapatsira akalulu ena ndipo amatha kukhudza akalulu onse omwe amakhala limodzi mnyumba kapena kunja. Matenda ofala kwambiri a ma virus ndi myxomatosis ndi choipitsa chodziwika bwino cha China, chomwe chimapha nyama zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chikhale chosatheka komanso chopambana ndi mwayi wambiri. Njira yabwino yotetezera akalulu anu ndikuwapatsa katemera pafupipafupi.

The China kuledzera akalulu

China blight, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti RHD, imafalikira kudzera muzakudya, udzudzu, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimatha kuchitika akalulu:

• kusowa chilakolako;
• mphwayi;
• Kupuma kumathamanga;
• kusokonezeka kwa chikhalidwe;
• Akalulu ena amafa usiku wonse ngakhale opanda zizindikiro.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi calicivirus, yomwe imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba. Ngakhale pa kutentha kwa madigiri 4 okha, imatha kukhala yopatsirana kwa masiku pafupifupi 225. Izi sizimangokhudza akalulu omwe amakhala kwathu, komanso akalulu omwe ali kuthengo. Komabe, ife anthu ndi nyama zina monga agalu ndi amphaka sitingathe kudzipatsira tokha. Kuchiza nyama zomwe zadwala ndizovuta ndipo akalulu ochepa okha ndi omwe amachira. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri nthawi zonse amalangiza kupereka akalulu katemera chilimbikitso chaka chilichonse.

Myxomatosis

Palibe zizindikiro zokhazikika zomwe zadziwika mu akalulu za myxomatosis, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa akhale osadziwika bwino kuposa momwe alili kale. Zimatengera ma virulence amtundu wa virus womwewo ndipo nthawi zonse zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Kulandira kwa nyama kumagwiranso ntchito pano. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndi izi:

• Subcutaneous edema mawonekedwe (myxoma)
• kutupa kwa maso
• maso kutupa
• kutulutsa m'maso

Kachilomboka kameneka kamaonedwa kuti ndi kolimba kwambiri komanso kosagwirizana, kotero kuti kakhoza kupulumuka mosavuta chilala ndi kuzizira. M'mbuyomu, komabe, zidapezeka kuti kutentha kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yopambana yolimbana ndi izi. Komabe, ma virus osiyanasiyana amatha kukhalabe m'malo ozungulira mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Choncho ngati mukufuna kupeza kalulu watsopano, ndi bwino kutero pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti mupewe matenda. Kwa ife anthu, komabe, kachilomboka sikamapatsirana ndipo chifukwa chake alibe vuto lililonse. Choncho akatswiri amalangiza motsutsana ndi matendawa kuteteza nyama ndi katemera ndipo ngakhale mwachindunji nthawi yapadera. Katemera woyamba ayenera kukhala mu March kapena April ndipo wachiwiri pachaka katemera mu September kapena October. Ndi katemera woyamba, katemera wofunikira sayenera kuyiwala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutatha katemera woyamba, katemera wa chilimbikitso ayenera kuperekedwa patatha milungu ingapo, chifukwa iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yopezera katemera.

Matenda a protozoal mu akalulu

Komanso, pali otchedwa protozoal matenda akalulu, amene palinso angapo mitundu. Tsoka ilo, malingana ndi kachilomboka komanso mabakiteriya, matendawa amathanso kupha nyama, choncho dokotala wa zinyama ayenera kufunsidwa mwamsanga.

coccidiosis

Coccidia ndi omwe amatchedwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka m'matumbo ndipo, malingana ndi mitundu, amatha kuwononga kwambiri. Pali mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yosiyana siyana, ndipo mtundu woopsa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa coccidia, womwe umakhudza njira za ndulu ndi chiwindi cha nyama. Tsoka ilo, kufala kwa tiziromboti kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuweta. Kusowa ukhondo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolakwa pano, zomwe siziyenera kuchitika ngati akalulu akusungidwa molingana ndi mtundu wawo. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyeretsa bwino komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda panthawi ya chithandizo nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zowona, izi zimagwira ntchito koposa zonse ku malo okhala ndi malo onse okhala nyama. Ndiukhondo, komabe, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti ma virus awa sangayambitsidwe.

Ngati kalulu akufuna kucheza ndi kalulu wina, ndikofunika kwambiri kuti kalulu ayesedwe kale. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yopewera matenda a akalulu atsopano. Matendawa akangozindikirika, kupita kwa veterinarian ndikosapeweka. Zinthu zonse zomwe nyama imakumana nazo ziyenera kutaya kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Mankhwalawa amatenga nthawi yayitali, chifukwa cha kusasitsa kwa coccidia, komwe kumakhala masiku 10 mpaka 14. Tsoka ilo, kupulumuka kwa tizirombozi ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo kupha ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo sikophweka, chifukwa kutentha kwamadzi kuno kuyenera kukhala madigiri 80. Mankhwala akatha, ndikofunika kupitiriza kuyang'anira ndowe za ziweto.

Zizindikiro:

• Akalulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, omwe amatha kukhala owonda kwambiri mpaka otupa;
• kusowa chilakolako;
• Nyama zina zimaonda kwambiri;
• kukana madzi;
• mimba yotupa.
• Komanso matenda chifukwa cha ofooka chitetezo cha m'thupi

Zoonadi, nthawi zonse zimakhala bwino pankhaniyi, komanso ndi kukayikira pang'ono, kupita molunjika kwa veterinarian ndikufotokozera zonse. Pali chiopsezo cha kufa ndi matendawa chifukwa cha kuwonda, makamaka kwa ziweto zazing'ono ndi akalulu akuluakulu.

Encephalitozoonosis

Matenda a encephalitozoonosis amatchulidwanso kuti mutu wa wry ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Encephalitozoon cuniculi, EC yofalitsidwa, yomwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timayambitsa vuto lalikulu. Matendawa amafala kudzera mumkodzo wotulukiridwa ndi nyama zomwe zili kale ndi kachilomboka, choncho mwatsoka ndi matenda a akalulu omwe amapatsirana kwambiri. Akatswiri ali ndi lingaliro lakuti pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya akalulu tsopano ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma sichinayambe kukhala matenda kapena sichinatheke.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za encephalitozoonosis ndi izi:

• ziwalo;
• Akalulu amapendeketsa mitu yawo;
• Akalulu ambiri amadzigudubuza paokha kapena kugona chammbali;
• Kupanda kugwirizana;
• zovuta za balance;
• Makhalidwe a magazi amasinthidwa, makamaka pamagulu a impso.

Matendawa sangatsimikizidwe 100 peresenti ya nyama yamoyo, ngakhale kuti misinkhu yamagazi kapena kuyesa kwa antibody makamaka kumatumiza kale zizindikiro zomveka bwino. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chithandizo chiyambike zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zikangowonekera, popeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakantha dongosolo lamanjenje la nyama ndikuwononga kwambiri pamenepo. Kuchira kopanda zizindikiro kungatheke kokha ngati chithandizo chayambika mwamsanga. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, matendawa amatsogolera ku imfa yowawa pa nyama iliyonse. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti akalulu omwe adadwalapo matendawa kamodzi nthawi zonse amakhala onyamula. Komabe, mwa anthu athanzi, palibe chiopsezo, ngakhale koposa zonse ukhondo wathanzi uyenera kukhala gawo la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Mavuto a mano akalulu

Mano a akalulu akukulirakulirabe. Tsoka ilo, akalulu ambiri amadwala matenda a mano mobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimayambitsa zosiyana kwambiri.

Mavuto ambiri ndi mano

Popeza mano a akalulu akukula mosalekeza, izi mwachibadwa zimakhala ndi zotsatira zina kwa inu monga eni ake. Choncho muyenera kuonetsetsa mwa zakudya kuti mano akhoza kutha paokha. Zakudya zikangolondola, mano sayenera kudulidwa ndi vet. Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ulusi wambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi makoswe. Udzu ndi udzu komanso udzu ndi nthambi ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo zimatsimikizira thanzi labwino la mano. Ngakhale eni ake ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mkate wovuta kapena chakudya chouma chimapangitsanso mano kugwa, mwatsoka izi si zoona. Mkate, mwachitsanzo, umachepetsedwa ndi malovu, kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti mavuto ovala ndi kung'ambika mu akalulu amapezeka osati kutsogolo kokha, komanso mu molars. Nyamazo tsopano zimatha kuvulaza lilime kapena mkamwa komanso masaya awo kudzera m'manyowa, chifukwa izi zimakhala zoloza kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zavuto lalikulu la mano ndi izi:

• Akalulu amamedzera mosavuta akamadya;
• Kutaya chilakolako mpaka kukana kudya;
• Akalulu amadya mochedwa;
• Kuchepetsa kudya udzu;
• Akalulu amawonda msanga malinga ndi chilakolako chawo;
• Kuvulala m'kamwa.

Pakakhala vuto la mano, veterinarian tsopano ali ndi mwayi wodula nsonga za mano, pomwe madotolo ena amatha kuchita opaleshoni yotere popanda opaleshoni. Komabe, izi zimadaliranso nyama zomwezo. Pakachitika zovuta zotere, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa chakudya chomwe chilipo kuti mukwaniritse bwino ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mano a kalulu pafupipafupi.

Mavuto a mano makamaka akalulu

Pankhani ya vuto la mano, sikuyenera kukhala nsonga za mano. Pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi kukula kwa mizu kwa akalulu. Matendawa akangoyamba, mumatha kumva kutupa pang'ono pansagwada zapansi za wokondedwa wanu. Kuonjezera apo, chithunzi cha X-ray chimapereka chitsimikizo mwamsanga.

Zizindikiro:

• kusafuna kudya;
• kugunda pa nsagwada m'munsi;
• kukana chakudya;
• Imwani pang'ono;
• conjunctivitis.

Tsoka ilo, conjunctivitis ndi gawo la chithunzi chachipatala ichi, chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa chiwalo chowoneka. Kalulu wanu akadwala matendawa, amamva kuwawa koopsa. Nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kutenga X-ray kuti mudziwe malo enieni komanso kuchuluka kwa kutupa. Apa, abscesses mwamsanga kupanga pa dzino mizu, amene akhoza encapsulate ndi kusiya kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa nsagwada. Tsoka ilo, akalulu amadwala matendawa nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa zilonda zimangokhalira kubwerezabwereza. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala aatali kwambiri.

Matenda a bacteria

Zowona, matenda a bakiteriya amathanso kuchitika mwachangu akalulu, omwe amathanso kupatsira nyama zina. Koma, ndithudi, palibe matenda amodzi pano, koma milandu ingapo yosiyana, yomwe iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi veterinarian wodziwa bwino.

Pasteurellosis

Pasteurellosis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kuzizira kwa kalulu, ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a bakiteriya. Ngakhale mawu oti "kuzizira" akuwoneka kuti alibe vuto poyamba, mwatsoka izi sizingafanane ndi chimfine, koma choyipa kwambiri. Akalulu amatenga kachilombo ka Pasteurella multocida. Komabe, matendawa amayamba pamene akalulu ali ndi mphamvu yofooka ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Nyama zina zimatha kunyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale kuti matendawa siwofunika kuphulika. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timapezeka kwambiri m’mphuno za m’mphuno. Izi zikhoza kutsimikiziridwa mwa kuchotsa zotsekemera za m'mphuno mothandizidwa ndi swab. Tsoka ilo, kachilomboka kamakhala kosawoneka kokha, koma kumatsatiridwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Bordetella Bronchiseptica. Tsoka ilo, izi zikutanthauza kuti mwayi wochira umachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za pasteurellosis ndi:

• Kutuluka kwa m'mphuno kuchokera kumveka mpaka ku purulent;
• Kalulu akuyetsemula;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Mphuno imajambulidwa;
• kusowa chilakolako.

Monga tanenera kale, matendawa nthawi zambiri amanyansidwa chifukwa cha dzina lake. Tsoka ilo, akalulu amafa msanga ngati eni ake alibe chithandizo ndi dotolo. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zonse muyenera kukhala ndi "chimfine chaching'ono" cha akalulu kuti chiwunikidwe mwachindunji ndi veterinarian kuti afotokoze ngati ndi chimfine choopsa cha kalulu kapena chimfine chabe. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, izi nthawi zonse zimakhala zopatsirana kwa ma conspecifics.

Matenda a m'mimba

Kutsekula m'mimba ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za matenda osiyanasiyana akalulu. Komabe, zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekula m'mimba zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira ndi zakudya zolakwika ku matenda aakulu kwambiri, zifukwa zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Kalulu akayamba kutsekula m'mimba, ndi bwino kupereka madzi ndi udzu panthawiyi. Ngati kutsekula m'mimba kudabwera chifukwa cha chakudya cholakwika, kusintha kumatha kuchitika mkati mwa maola 24. Komabe, ngati sizili choncho, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi veterinarian.

Ngati kutsekula m'mimba sikuli kodziwika bwino, mwachitsanzo, ngati kununkhiza kwambiri, ndiye kuti dokotala wa zinyama ayenera kufunsidwa mwamsanga. Komabe, ngati kutsekula m'mimba kutha pakatha maola 24, muyenera kuganizira zosintha zakudya zanu. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, mwachitsanzo, pamene eni ake a akalulu ayambanso kugawira nyamazo chakudya chobiriwira chobiriwira. Makamaka, chakudya chokhala ndi tirigu wambiri sichiyenera kukhala pazakudya mtsogolomu, chifukwa apa ndipamenenso zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekula m'mimba mwa akalulu zimatha kupezeka. Kuonjezera apo, akalulu amatha kudzimbidwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba, zomwe ziyenera kufunsidwa ndi veterinarian. Pamenepa, nyama zomwe zakhudzidwa zimakhala ndi ululu woopsa kwambiri, kotero kuti matendawa sangafanane ndi zizindikiro mwa ife anthu. Choncho nthawi zonse tizikumbukira kuti zizindikiro zonsezi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda aakulu. Matenda owopsa kwambiri m'matumbo am'mimba ndi awa:

Chizoloŵezi cha ng'oma

Chizoloŵezi choyimba ng'oma ndi mapangidwe a mpweya m'mimba, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kuwira kwa chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, mutadya youma chakudya munali tirigu, komanso lonyowa kapena mkangano wobiriwira chakudya. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndi izi:

• kuphulika kwa m'mimba;
• Chifuwa chimatuluka kutsogolo;
• kupuma movutikira;
• kusafuna kudya;
• Zowawa.

Apanso, kuwonjezera pa chithandizo cha Chowona Zanyama, chakudya cha udzu chiyenera kuchitidwa, chomwe chiyenera kukhala masiku osachepera asanu ndi awiri. Chonde musagwire ntchito ndi kuwala kofiyira pano. Kutentha kumawonjezera njira zosiyanasiyana zowotchera komanso kukulitsa matendawa.

M'mimba M'mimba

Kutsekeka kwa m'mimba mwa akalulu kumatchedwanso hairball formation. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mipira, yomwe imayambitsa, mwachitsanzo, ndi zinthu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso za fiber, zomwe zimachokera ku tsitsi, udzu wouma kapena zotsalira za carpet, pakati pa zinthu zina.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndi izi:

• mphwayi;
• kusafuna kudya;
• Akalulu amawonda;
• Chitosi chochepa kapena chopanda zitosi;
• kusakhazikika;
• Kusintha pafupipafupi kwa malo onama;
• Zowawa.

Kutsekeka kwa m'mimba kumatha kupha nyama mwachangu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muwone dokotala nthawi yomweyo, yemwe angafunike kuchotsa tsitsi. Ngati mukufuna kupewa kudzimbidwa m'mimba, muyenera kuthandiza ziweto ndi chakudya choyenera, makamaka pamene zikukhetsa. Akatswiri amalangiza kudyetsa chinanazi ndi kiwi, chifukwa zili ndi bromelin yomwe imagwira ntchito, yomwe imapangitsa kuti tsitsi lomezedwa likhale losavuta kuchoka. Kukonzekera kowonjezereka mwa mawonekedwe a brushing kuyeneranso kuchitika panthawiyi kuti tsitsi lina lichotsedwe kuyambira pachiyambi.

Mapeto athu pa nkhani ya matenda akalulu

Aliyense amene amaganiza kuti akalulu samadwala zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizolakwika. Komabe, matenda ena akhoza kupewedwa mwachindunji. Zakudya zoyenera zamtundu wamtundu komanso kugawa zakudya zatsopano ndi udzu zitha kuthandiza kwambiri pa izi. Komabe, ukhondo suyenera kunyalanyazidwa ndipo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kunja kwa khola kuyenera kuchitika tsiku lililonse. Komanso, chiweto chanu chizilandira katemera pafupipafupi ndiyeno n’kuchiyang’anizana ndi vet. Komabe, musaiwale kuyang'ana nthawi zonse kuti zonse zili bwino, kuyang'ana mano anu, komanso kulabadira kusintha. Komanso, tikupempha kuti musasunge akalulu okha, amayenera kukhala pafupi ndi akalulu ena kuti amve bwino. Ngati mumamatira ku malamulo ofunikirawa, omwe ayenera kukhala nkhani posunga nyama, mwapanga maziko olimba. Inde, zikhoza kuchitika mobwerezabwereza kuti kalulu amadwala. Ndiye, ndithudi, kupita kwa vet ndikosapeweka.