Mary Allen
Masiku akuchulukirachulukira, owala, otentha - ndipo amangokopa aliyense, anthu ndi nyama, kuti atuluke panja ndikupereka ufulu wofuna kusuntha, gwedezani kutopa kwa nthawi yachisanu ndikuwonjezeranso mabatire anu mumpweya watsopano wa nyengo ikubwera. . Makamaka mahatchi, pali makhalidwe ambiri. Nzosadabwitsa, chifukwa nyama zothamanga kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'khola m'miyezi yachisanu, sizisuntha kwambiri ndipo m'misewu yachisanu ndi mabwalo palibe funso lotha. Zotsatira zake, mphamvu zonse zimachulukana kwambiri ndipo akavalo amangotsala pang'ono kuphulika ndi chisangalalo atangoyamba kumene kudyetsa msipu. Koma osati kokha ngakhale kufunitsitsa kusuntha, koma ndendende chifukwa cha izi, kusamala kowonjezereka kumafunika. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa akavalo kuti amangenso mphamvu ndi chipiriro mwachidwi, koma mbali inanso ku msipu womwewo, womwe suyenera kugwedezeka m'lingaliro lenileni la mawuwo. Ndipo musaiwale mabakiteriya am'mimba komanso njira zama metabolic zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwanso. Choncho eni mahatchi ali ndi zambiri zoti aganizire m’masabata akudzawa.
Konzani paddocks kwa masika
Aliyense amene adutsa m'mapaki ake panthawiyi akuyang'ana dera lomwe lakhala likulimidwa kwa miyezi yambiri, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakutidwa ndi chisanu chapansi ndipo masamba obiriwira okha ndi omwe amatha kuganiziridwa kutali. Koma mbewu zoyamba tsopano zikumera mwachangu kwambiri ndipo zikadali zachifundo komanso zosavutikira. M'masabata akubwerawa, malo a udzu adzayamba kugwirizanitsa nthaka ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndizo ndendende zomwe mahatchi akungoyembekezera ndipo mwina ali kale mu midadada yoyambira - kapena m'mabokosi awo - ndikuyang'ana kubusa.
Koma isanayambe n’komwe, iyenera kusamalidwa bwino ndi kukonzekera. Zofunikira pa khola la akavalo zingayerekezedwe ndi pamlingo wochepa chabe ndi msipu wa nkhosa ndi ng’ombe. Kumbali ina, momwe udzu watsopano umakhudzira kugaya chakudya, umathandiza kuti ziboda ziziyenda uku ndi uku. Mahatchi ndi malo odyetserako ziweto atha kuvulazana motero ziyenera kufikidwa mosamala. Ndi chidziwitso choyenera, msipu woyamba m'nyengo yachisanu umatsimikiziridwa kukhala wopambana.
Kukonza paddock kwakanthawi
Kwenikweni, kukonzekera msipu woyamba wa kasupe kumayamba kale m'dzinja, kutanthauza kuti dambo likadyetsedwa, nthaka imakhala yamatope kapena yowuma mafupa ndipo nyama zimatha kupeza chakudya chochepa. Mapaddo amakonzedwa mofanana ndi nthawi yokolola. Ndi zomwe zimatchedwa mulching, zotsalira za dambo, monga mbali za zomera zakufa, komanso zitosi za akavalo, zimasweka ndikukumbidwa ndi nthaka. Mwa njira iyi, zakudya zofunika kwambiri zimalowa m'nthaka, zomwe zimamasulidwa (zimanenedwanso kuti zimakhala ndi mpweya) ndipo zimatha kuyambiranso m'nyengo yozizira. Dothi latsopano la humus limayamba, lomwe limapereka malo oswana kwa nyengo yotsatira.
M'chaka, chisamaliro cha msipu chimapitirira nthawi yayitali isanafike paddock yoyamba. Chifukwa cha chisanu ndi mvula, dothi nthawi zambiri limakhala lonyowa kwambiri. Mahatchi atati azingoyenda m’menemo tsopano, patangopita masiku oŵerengeka chabe, palibe chimene chikanapezeka koma dzenje loyera lamatope. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma couplers amakulungidwa koyamba. Mwa njira iyi, gawo lapamwamba limakhudzana ndi madzi otsika pansi ndipo madzi apansi amagawidwa mofanana.
Ngati dothi likusamalidwa bwino, kukoka kwa dambo kumayamba. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, nthaka yosagwirizana monga zitsa zamitengo ndi mamolell amachotsedwa ndi kulima kapena kuwononga zisanakhale zoopsa zopunthwa kwa nyama. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, paddock iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ngati zomera zomwe zili ndi poizoni kwa akavalo. Nthawi zina amasochera mosadziwika bwino ndipo amatha kukhala oopsa.
Ngati ndi kotheka, reseeding ndiye zimachitika, amene cholinga kutseka mipata kukula ndi zambiri kusintha katundu. Mbewuzo ziyenera kubweretsedwa nthawi ya zomera isanayambike kuti zimere bwino ndipo zisadzalowe m'njira ya chipsera chakale. Kuwonjezera pa udzu monga timothy udzu, cocksfoot ndi meadow fescue, mahatchi amakonda clover, khungwa la mitundu ina ya mitengo ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana ndipo, ndithudi, zipatso. Mtengo wa apulo m'malo odyetserako ziweto umaonedwa kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri pakati pa mabwenzi amiyendo inayi. Makamaka popeza imaperekanso mthunzi - mbali zotere siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Konzani paddock
Ndi mulching ndi kukokera, paddock ikuwoneka kuti yakonzeka bwino mpaka pano. Kubzalanso ndikuyang'ana zomera zapoizoni zikachitika, kuyeretsa kwapaddock kumakhalabe. Chinthu chachikulu apa ndikuwunika mipanda. Malo osweka akuyenera kukonzedwa, matabwa ong'ambika alowe m'malo kapena mipanda yamagetsi iyesedwe kuti igwire ntchito mosalekeza.
Pambuyo pake, ngakhale bokosi lamphamvu loterolo silingathe kupirira nyengo kwamuyaya. Moyenera, zida zaukadaulo ziyenera kukhala zowuma ndikusamalidwa ngati paddock sikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pokonzekera kudyetsera koyambirira, zida zamagetsi ziyenera kuyikidwa bwino komanso motetezeka.
Malo okhala ndi mithunzi komanso mwayi wopeza madzi abwino ndi gawo la paddock iliyonse. Izi nthawi zambiri zimathetsedwa ndi malo okhala ndi zotengera zamadzi zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi nyama zokhala ndi mbiya za akavalo. Izi ziyeneranso kusamalidwa bwino.
Zinyalala ndi zinyalala mu paddock sayenera kuyiwala - zigawo za pulasitiki ndi magalasi osweka a galasi nthawi zonse amathera pamapiri a akavalo, omwe angapangitse ngozi yovulaza. Zikhale kudzera mukuyenda mosasamala kapena mphepo yamkuntho. Choncho, ngakhale zokonzekerazo zikatha, msipu uyenera kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse, kutsukidwa ndi ndowe ndi kufufuza magwero a ngozi kuti mahatchi azitha kudyetsedwa bwino kwambiri.
Konzani kavalo ndi hatchi ya msipu
Mofanana ndi paddock, nyama ziyeneranso kukonzekera moyenerera. Mwamwayi, izo sizimaphatikizapo zambiri. Malingana ndi mtundu wa mahatchi omwe adapanga nyengo yachisanu, njira zina ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Choncho zimagwira ntchito yaikulu ngati mahatchi ndi mahatchi amasungidwa panja chaka chonse, m'khola lotseguka, lopanda paddock, kapena ngati nthawi yachisanu amakhala m'makola otsekedwa.
Chotsatira chake, amakhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a ubweya wachisanu, mwachitsanzo, omwe amawateteza ngakhale pamasiku atsopano a masika. "Mahatchi amkati", komano, amafunikira bulangeti la akavalo kuti atetezedwe. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhalanso chosiyana kutengera momwe munthu alili komanso mphamvu zake.
Poganizira izi, akavalo ayeneranso kukonzedwa moyenera kuti adye msipu wawo woyamba. Popeza udzu umakhala wotsekemera kwambiri m'nyengo yamasika ndipo nthawi zambiri umadyedwa mofulumira kwambiri pambuyo podziletsa kwa nthawi yaitali, mahatchi ena amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu la m'mimba. Izi zikhoza kupewedwa ndi kudyetsa koyenera, makamaka ndi zigawo zazikulu za udzu, chakudya chapadera chokhazikika komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi zitsamba. Mwanjira imeneyi, zomera za m'matumbo zimasintha pang'onopang'ono ku zakudya zina ndipo zimatha kugaya udzu watsopano bwino.
Chakudya chokhazikika chomwe chili ndi mphamvu zambiri, komabe, chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa. Chifukwa chosachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, oats amatha kuluma m'mutu mwanu. Kwa nyama, mphamvu zochulukirapo zomwe sizingawonongeke zimatanthawuza kupanikizika kosafunikira. Ndi kuyambiranso kuphunzitsidwa ndi kuwonjezereka masewero olimbitsa thupi, mphamvu yofunikira imatha kuperekedwa payekha, ndikumasuka pambuyo poweta koyambirira.
Kuweta msipu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito
Zodabwitsa za udzu mu kasupe zimafotokoza chifukwa chake kudyetsa moyenera kuli kofunika kwambiri. Makamaka mu kasupe, zomera zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ochuluka komanso fructan yowonjezera. Ngati zinthuzi zimagayidwa mwachangu komanso osakwanira, pali mapuloteni ochulukirapo, omwe amasokoneza impso ndi chiwindi. Zotsatira zake, colic, laminitis ndi kutsegula m'mimba zimatha kuchitika, komanso kusokonezeka kwa metabolic.
Choncho, njira zokonzekera zomwe zafotokozedwa kale ndi zofunika kwambiri podyetsa ziweto. Ndi kusankha mulingo woyenera reseeding mu paddock ndi bwino matumbo zomera kavalo, palibe chimene chikuyima pa njira yoyamba msipu masika.
Moyenera, ng'ombezo zimatulutsidwa m'khola zikuyang'aniridwa. Kudumpha molimba mtima mumlengalenga, kuthamanga ndi kukankha ziboda sizachilendo, koma kungowonetsa chisangalalo chenicheni. Nyamazo zimatha kutulutsanso nthunzi. Koma anthu ena nthawi zonse amayenera kuchita mopambanitsa. Diso loyang'anitsitsa la mwiniwake silimalakwa.
Koma kudyetsedwa kumatanthauzanso kusintha koopsa kwa chakudya. Youma udzu, udzu ndi moyikirapo chakudya zasintha matumbo zomera m'nyengo yozizira. Mabakiteriya apadera tsopano akufunika pa udzu watsopano, womwe umangowonjezereka pang'onopang'ono. Pa nthawi yoyamba yoweta msipu, ndi bwino kuti pakhale msipu kwa mphindi zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mabokosi akuphwanyidwa.
Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, nyamazo pang’onopang’ono zimamanganso chipiriro ndi minyewa m’malo mongodzichulutsa mwamsanga. Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito pano: Kulipiritsa bwino kuposa kuchita mopambanitsa. Apo ayi, pali chiopsezo cha zovuta ndi tendinitis. Kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse m'mapapo ndi pansi pa holo yokwera kumathandizanso kukhala olimba. Zachidziwikire, kukweranso pa se, malinga ndi malo ndi malo opanda chisanu komanso okonzekanso. Izi zimachepetsanso kutentha kwa masika ndipo ng'ombe sizikonda kwambiri msipu womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wamvula.
Ndi maphunziro ndi kudyetsedwa, magawo a chakudya chokhazikika amasinthidwanso. Zomwe zatchulidwa kale zowonjezera zakudya ndi zitsamba zimakwaniritsa bwino ntchitoyi.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kutentha kwa thupi kumayendetsedwa ndi mabulangete a akavalo kwa amene ali ndi ubweya waubweya wa m’nyengo yachisanu, ndipo zimenezi zimachepetsedwa pang’onopang’ono mpaka kavalo ndi nyengo zitasintha.
Chinthu china chofunika ndi khalidwe la nthaka. Udzu waung'onowu sunazike mizu ndipo ndi wosavuta kuuzula ndi kuuononga. Pachifukwa ichi, kudyetsa kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono.
Kuchokera pazigawo zonsezi, mndandanda wotsatira wa msipu ukhoza kutengedwa:
- Sabata 1: tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 15 (mwina aliyense payekha pamzere wa lunge)
- Sabata 2: onjezani mpaka mphindi 30
- Sabata 3: Kudyetsa mpaka ola limodzi
- kuyambira sabata 4: onjezerani nthawi yoweta mosalekeza
Nthawi yoyenera ndi yovuta kudziwa. Nthawi zambiri mwezi wa Marichi umabweretsa usiku wozizira kwambiri, madambo amakhala amvula kwambiri masana, ndipo nthaka sinalimbe mokwanira. Udzu wotalika pafupifupi 20 cm ukulimbikitsidwanso. Pafupi ndi Isitala mahatchi ambiri ndi mahatchi ndiye amayenda chokwera ndi kutsika msipu wawo.
Inde, awa ndi malangizo chabe. Makamaka, chikhalidwe cha thanzi la kavalo aliyense, chikhalidwe cha msipu ndi nyengo ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Chiwerengero cha ziweto pa gulu lililonse chimakhalanso ndi gawo. Moyenera, adadya kale udzu wawo ndipo samagwera paudzu nthawi yomweyo, komanso amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito yapansi panthaka ndipo samagwera muudzu nthawi yomweyo.
Kuopsa kwa msipu
Panthawi yoweta msipu, ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa kavalo ndi pony. Kodi miyendo yanu imatupa? Kodi pali zizindikiro zopunduka kapena kuvulala? Kodi pali zizindikiro za kudzimbidwa? Kodi ziboda zili bwanji?
Zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda ziyenera kutengedwa mozama ndikufufuzidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti mupewe zotsatira zoyipa.
Kuzindikira ndi kupewa chiopsezo cha laminitis
Ndipotu, laminitis sikuti imangoyamba chifukwa cha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kosayenera, koma makamaka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mavuto a m'mimba. Mmodzi ndiye amalankhula za zomwe zimatchedwa fodder nswala - zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri mawonekedwe a laminitis. Zotsatira zake, ziboda za ziboda zimayaka ndipo, zikavuta kwambiri, kapisozi wa ziboda amachotsedwa. Kuti zisafike patali chonchi, ziboda ziyenera kufufuzidwa tsiku lililonse, makamaka poweta. Zizindikiro zoyamba ndi ziboda zotenthedwa bwino, kutupa ndi kupsinjika kosayenera pa mwendo womwe wakhudzidwa. Mahatchi omwe adadwalapo kale laminitis alinso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matendawa kachiwiri.
Ngati gwape azindikiridwa, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga ndipo aitanitse dotolo. Mpaka izi zilipo, ziboda ziyenera kukhazikika ndi ayezi (madzi ozizira sakwanira!) Ndipo, koposa zonse, amasamalidwa. Zowona, palibe kudyetsa kwina komwe kungachitike mpaka mgwirizano utafikiridwa ndi veterinarian.
Samalani ndi colic pambuyo pa kudyetsa koyamba
Palibenso osowa ndi colic pamene msipu. Ng'ombe zonse zimatha kukhudzidwa pano, mwachitsanzo chifukwa udzu wapadera pa msipu ndiwo umayambitsa kapena kukonzekera kunali kosakwanira.
Colic amadziwonetsera yekha ngati kumverera kosadziwika bwino. Mahatchi amagona pansi nthawi zambiri, kung'ung'udza kapena kubuula. Umakhala wosakhazikika, kukanda, flehm, kutuluka thukuta. Chinthu chonsecho tingachiyerekeze ndi kukokana kwa m'mimba, komwe mahatchi sadziwa momwe angachepetsere. Ena amakhala aukali chifukwa chodzikayikira. Ena kukokana kapena kulephera kwa magazi kumachitika.
Apanso, itanani vet nthawi yomweyo ndikusiya kudyetsa. Mankhwala a antispasmodic ndi ochepetsa ululu nthawi zambiri amathandiza mwachangu. Komabe, ngati colic sichimathandizidwa, matendawa amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo nthawi zambiri. Ngati pali zizindikiro zochepa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono ndi kusiya kudyetsa kwa masiku angapo kumathandiza.
Kodi fructans imagwira ntchito bwanji msipu wa masika?
Kuchulukirachulukira kwa mapuloteni sikumayambitsa ngozi zotere podyera. Fructans amakambidwanso mobwerezabwereza. Awa ndi oligo- osungunuka m'madzi ndi ma polysaccharides, m'mashuga am'mera amfupi. Komabe, popeza kuti chakudya chofala cha akavalo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri mu shuga, ndipo pazifukwa zomveka, kukwera kwa shuga kumayambitsa mavuto nthawi yomweyo.
Lactic acid imapangidwa m'matumbo akulu, omwe amapha mabakiteriya ena am'mimba. Poizoni amapanga, kulowa m'magazi ndi kuyambitsa laminitis ndi colic, mwa zina.
Mahatchi ndi mahatchi omwe ali msipu chaka chonse amadya nyengo, mwachitsanzo, ndi masiku oyambirira a masika, pamene wina aliyense akukhalabe m'khola, akudya kale zomera zomwe zili ndi fructan, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zomera zam'mimba zimakula kwambiri. mwachibadwa zimagwirizana ndi kukula kwa chakudya.
Kumbali inayi, nyama zomwe zimangodyetsedwa udzu, udzu ndi chakudya chokhazikika mpaka pano zimatha kudwala ngati mwadzidzidzi zidya fructan yambiri. Chifukwa china chodyera msipu pang'onopang'ono. Zing'onozing'ono zimalimbikitsa kupanga mabakiteriya m'matumbo ndipo kotero fructans amatha kugayidwa bwino. Kuonjezera apo, payenera kukhala nthawi zonse madzi abwino akumwa okwanira kuti athetse ntchito ya m'mimba.
Zomwe zili mu fructan mu udzu zimachepa m'chilimwe. M'nyengo ya autumn, izi zimawonjezekanso pang'ono, koma zimayambitsa mavuto ochepa chifukwa chakuti zomera za m'mimba zasintha kale. Pokhapokha ndi nthawi yopuma yozizira padzakhala kusintha kachiwiri, makamaka ndi "mahatchi amkati".
Chotsatira pa msipu wa akavalo ndi chiyani?
Ngati msipu ukuyenda bwino, kusamalira paddock kumapitilirabe. Zitosi za akavalo ziyenera kuwerengedwa, kuyang'aniridwa ndi mipanda, udzu ndi zomera zakupha zichotsedwe, mabowo ndi zoopsa zopunthwa zikonzedwe.
Kuphatikiza apo, khola lokhalo silingathe kupirira chaka chonse msipu ndi akavalo. Chifukwa chake, ng'ombe iyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Izi zimathandiza kuti madera ena ayambe kuchira komanso kuti zomera zikulenso. Nthaka imathanso kusinthika motere. Nthawi zina, ndizomveka kusamalira dambo chaka chonse mpaka zopatsa thanzi zitakhazikika. Ndi iko komwe, akavalo amadya ndendende zakudya zimenezi ndi tsamba lililonse la udzu. Mahatchi ndi msipu wabwino zikakonzedwa ndi kusamaliridwa, m’pamenenso zonse ziŵiri zidzakula bwino.