Mary Allen
Kodi umunthu wa galu umakula bwanji? Ndipo kodi makhalidwe ake amaperekedwa kwamuyaya? Katswiri akufotokoza.
Ponena za khalidwe, agalu ayenera kukwanira mwiniwake kapena ntchito yawo mwangwiro momwe angathere. Chifukwa chokwanira kuti sayansi tione bwinobwino umunthu wa galu. Nthawi zambiri ndi kupitiriza komwe kumapanga lingaliro la khalidwe. Katswiri wa zamoyo Stefanie Riemer wa ku Vetsuisse Faculty pa yunivesite ya Bern akufotokoza kuti: “Makhalidwe a munthu amayamba chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa makhalidwe kumene kumakhazikika pakapita nthawi komanso m’mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe omwe tingawawerenge pakati pa mikhalidwe ya umunthu ndi yochuluka. Chiyanjano, kuseweretsa, kusachita mantha, ndewu, kuphunzitsidwa bwino, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zili patsogolo. Kulekerera kukhumudwa ndi chimodzi mwamakhalidwe aumunthu, monga momwe Riemer adawonetsera m'ntchito yake.
Chifukwa chake, zifukwa zomwe zimayambira mawonekedwe amtunduwu ndizochepa. Mofanana ndi anthu, majini, chilengedwe, ndi zochitika zimakhudza khalidwe la mabwenzi athu a miyendo inayi. Malingana ndi Riemer, kusiyana kwa makhalidwe okhudzana ndi mtundu kumakhala makamaka majini. Komabe, panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, wasayansiyo akuletsa kuti: “Komabe, sitinganeneretu mikhalidwe yotengera mtunduwo.” Sizingatheke kufotokoza khalidwe kuchokera pa mpikisano, kapena kuchoka pa khalidwe kupita ku mtundu wongoyerekeza. “Ngakhale kuti mikhalidwe ina imawonekera mochulukira kapena mocheperapo pa avereji ya mitundu ina kuposa ina, galu aliyense ndi payekha,” akufotokoza motero Riemer.
Ma jini amabweretsa chiwopsezo chokha - mawonekedwe ake omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Riemer anati: “Ndi liti ndiponso ndi ati amene amazimitsa kapena kuzimitsa majini amadalira zimene munthu wina wakumana nazo kapenanso moyo wa makolo awo. Izi ndi zomwe sayansi yachinyamata ya epigenetics imachita, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti zochitika zimathanso kutengera cholowa.
Amayi Osamalira Anafuna
Mantha ndi kupsinjika maganizo makamaka zimawoneka ngati zifukwa zazikulu, zomwe, malinga ndi katswiri wa zamoyo zamakhalidwe, zimasintha ngakhale ubongo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri mu trimester yachiwiri ya mimba, gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa ubongo. “Ngati mayi akumana ndi kupsyinjika kwakukulu panthaŵiyi, kaŵirikaŵiri zimenezi zimachititsa kuwonjezereka kwa kupsinjika maganizo kwa ana ake.” Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe ana ambiri agalu amsewu amakayikira anthu. Anzake amiyendo inayi adachipeza "m'chibelekero", titero kunena kwake. Kuchokera kumalingaliro a chisinthiko, izi ndizomveka bwino: ana amakonzekera bwino malo omwe angakulire.
Zisonkhezero zakubadwa koyambirira ndizonso zofunika kwambiri. Nyama zosamalira, zomwe zimasamalira ndi kunyambita ana awo aang'ono kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ana osagwirizana ndi kupsinjika maganizo kusiyana ndi amayi ambiri osasamala. "Mfundo yakuti pamenepa chisamaliro cha amayi - osati zifukwa zachibadwa - ndizodziwika bwino kuchokera ku maphunziro omwe anyamata a amayi osamalira ndi osasamala adasinthidwa ndikuleredwa ndi amayi achilendo," akufotokoza motero Riemer.
Komabe, zomwe zinachitikira pambuyo pake pa nthawi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la galu kotero kuti khalidwe la munthu silingathe kuneneratu pazaka za masabata angapo. Wasayansi, motero, amalingalira pang'ono za mayeso a umunthu mu nthawi ino, monga "kuyesa kwa ana agalu". "Ichi ndi chithunzithunzi chatsiku limodzi." Pakufufuza kwawo komwe, khalidwe limodzi lokha linganenedweratu pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi. "Ana agalu omwe amawonetsa machitidwe ambiri ofufuza adapitilizabe kutero akakula."
Si Nthawi Zonse Kulakwa Kwa Mbuye
Katswiri wa zamoyo zamakhalidwe amadziwanso kuchokera ku kafukufuku wake kuti munthuyo amakhala kale ndi makhalidwe okhazikika ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Riemer anati: “Ngakhale umunthu utasintha pang’ono ndi msinkhu, makhalidwe amakhala osasunthika poyerekezera ndi anzawo. "Agalu omwe amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuposa anzawo pamiyezi isanu ndi umodzi amawonetsabe izi ali ndi miyezi 18." Momwemonso, ana agalu amsinkhu womwewo amakondanso kukhala ndi anthu ena. Ngati chilengedwe chikhalabe chokhazikika. Komabe, zokumana nazo zazikulu zingayambitse kusintha kwa umunthu ngakhale pakapita nthawi.
Kuphatikiza apo, eni ake agalu ndi ma conspecifics nawonso amathandizira. Onse amakhudza umunthu wa galu ndi khalidwe lawo payekha. Wofufuza wa ku Hungary, Borbála Turcsán, anasonyeza mmene agalu ena m’nyumbamo amathandizira kuumba makhalidwe a agalu anzawo: Agalu amasungidwa aliyense payekha ngati mwini wake, pamene agalu m’mabanja a agalu ambiri ankathandizana.
Kafukufuku wina waku Hungary ndi Anna Kis adapeza kuti eni ake amanjenje amalamula nyama zawo nthawi zambiri kuposa ena pophunzitsa agalu. Eni agalu a Extroverted, Komano, amakhala owolowa manja ndi matamando panthawi yophunzitsidwa. Komabe, Stefanie Riemer akuchenjeza za kuganiza mofulumirirapo: “Si nthaŵi zonse kulakwa kwa mbali ina ya mzerewo.” Wasayansiyo akuyerekeza kuti ndi kuphatikiza kwazinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale mikhalidwe yosayenera. “Ngakhale kuli tero, tingasonkhezere umunthu wa galu wathu kumlingo wakutiwakuti,” akutero Riemer. Amalimbikitsa kulimbikitsa chiyembekezo mwa agalu makamaka. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ife anthu: Pamene galu amakhala ndi zokumana nazo zabwino pa moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku, m'pamenenso amayang'ana zamtsogolo.