Mary Allen
Shark ndi nsomba zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja zonse. Mitundu yochepa imakhalanso m'mitsinje. Iwo ali m'gulu la nsomba zolusa: ambiri amadya nsomba ndi nyama zina zam'madzi.
Nsomba zikasambira pamwamba pa madzi, zimatha kudziwika ndi zipsepse zawo zapamimba zitatu zomwe zimatuluka m'madzi. Shark anasambira m'nyanja zaka 400 miliyoni zapitazo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwa nyama zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Nsomba ya pygmy shark ndiyo yaying'ono kwambiri kutalika kwa 25 centimita, pomwe whale shark ndi yayitali kwambiri pa 14 metres. Whale shark ndiyenso shaki yolemera kwambiri: Imatha kufika matani khumi ndi awiri, imalemera ngati tigalimoto tating'ono khumi. Pazonse pali mitundu pafupifupi 500 ya shaki.
Sharki ali ndi mano apadera: mizere ina imamera kumbuyo kwa mzere woyamba wa mano. Mano akatuluka pomenyana ndi nyama zina, mano otsatira ake amatuluka m’mwamba. Mwanjira imeneyi, shaki "imadya" mano 30,000 m'moyo wake wonse.
Khungu la Shark silinapangidwe ndi mamba abwinobwino, koma ndi zinthu zofanana ndi mano awo. Mamba awa amatchedwa "mano akhungu". Khungu ili ndi losalala mpaka kukhudza kuchokera kumutu kupita ku caudal fin, ndipo limakhala loyipa mwanjira ina.
Kodi shaki zimakhala bwanji?
Shark akadali osafufuzidwa bwino, kotero zochepa zomwe zimadziwika za iwo. Komabe, chinthu chimodzi chapadera chimadziwika: shaki zimafunika kuyendabe kuti zisamire pansi panyanja. Zili choncho chifukwa, mosiyana ndi nsomba zina, iwo alibe chikhodzodzo chosambira chomwe chili ndi mpweya.
Mitundu yambiri ya shaki imadya nsomba ndi zolengedwa zina zazikulu za m’nyanja. Koma mitundu ina ya shaki yaikulu kwambiri imadya plankton, yomwe ndi nyama zing’onozing’ono kapena zomera zomwe zimayandama m’madzi. Padziko lonse lapansi, pafupifupi anthu asanu amaphedwa ndi shaki chaka chilichonse.
Sharki ali ndi adani: shaki zing'onozing'ono zimadyedwa ndi cheza ndi shaki zazikulu. Shark amakhalanso pazakudya za mbalame zam'nyanja ndi zisindikizo pafupi ndi gombe. Killer whales amasakanso shaki zazikulu. Komabe, mdani wamkulu wa shaki ndi anthu okhala ndi maukonde awo ophera nsomba. Nyama ya shaki imatengedwa ngati chakudya chokoma, makamaka ku Asia.
Kodi shaki zimakhala bwanji ndi ana awo?
Kuberekana kwa shaki kumatenga nthawi yayitali: shaki zina ziyenera kukhala ndi zaka 30 zisanakwatire koyamba. Mitundu ina imaikira mazira pansi pa nyanja. Mayi sasamalira iwo kapena ana. Ambiri amadyedwa ngati mazira kapena ngati ana.
Nsomba zina za shaki zimanyamula ochepa m’mimba mwawo zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Kumeneko amakula kuyambira theka la chaka kufika pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Panthawi imeneyi, nthawi zina amadyana. Ndi amphamvu okha amene amabadwa. Kenako amatalika pafupifupi theka la mita.
Mitundu yambiri ya shaki ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha. Izi sizili chifukwa cha anthu komanso adani achilengedwe. Zilinso chifukwa shaki zimafunika kukalamba zisanabereke.