Mary Allen
Motetezedwa ndi chigoba, zokwawazo zimapalasa mwaluso panyanja popanda kusochera. Zazikazi nthawi zonse zimapeza njira yobwerera kumene zinabadwira.
makhalidwe
Kodi akamba am'nyanja amawoneka bwanji?
Akamba am'nyanja ndi a banja la Cheloniidae. Asayansi amawaika mu superfamily Chelonoidea pamodzi ndi leatherback kamba, amene amapanga banja lakelo. Izi zikuphatikizapo akamba onse omwe amakhala m'nyanja. Akamba am'nyanja adachokera ku akamba ( Testustinidae ) zaka 200 miliyoni zapitazo ndipo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi iwo.
Akamba am'nyanja ali ndi matupi ofananira: chipolopolo chawo sichikhala cha hemispherical koma chophwanyika m'njira yowongoka. Kutengera ndi mitundu, kutalika kwake ndi 60 mpaka 140 centimita. Komanso, si kwathunthu ossified, mwachitsanzo osati molimba ngati akamba. Miyendo yawo yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo yasinthidwa kukhala zopalasa ngati zipsepse. Ndizimenezi, nyamazo zimatha kusambira bwino kwambiri moti zimatha kuthamanga mpaka makilomita 25 pa ola limodzi.
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa thupi, komabe, sangathenso kubweza mutu ndi miyendo yawo mu chipolopolo chawo kuti adziteteze kwa adani.
Kodi akamba am'nyanja amakhala kuti?
Akamba am'nyanja amakhala m'nyanja zotentha komanso zotentha padziko lonse lapansi, komwe kutentha kwamadzi sikutsika pansi pa 20 digiri Celsius. Akamba am’nyanja amakhala m’madzi a m’nyanja basi. Amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso pafupi ndi gombe. Ndi zazikazi zokha zomwe zimafika kumtunda kamodzi pachaka kuti ziyikire mazira kumeneko.
Kodi pali akamba amtundu wanji?
Pali mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya akamba am’nyanja: akamba obiriwira, akamba obiriwira akuda, akamba otchedwa loggerhead turtle, akamba a hawksbill, akamba a azitona ndi a ku Atlantic, ndi akamba otchedwa barrier reef. Akamba ang'onoang'ono a m'nyanja ndi akamba a ridley: chipolopolo chawo chimakhala chautali wa masentimita 70 okha. Kamba wa leatherback, wamkulu kwambiri pa akamba am'nyanja okhala ndi kutalika mpaka mamita awiri ndi kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu 700, amapanga banja lake.
Kodi akamba am'nyanja amakhala ndi zaka zingati?
Akamba am'nyanja amatha kukhala zaka 75 kapena kuposerapo.
Khalani
Kodi akamba am'nyanja amakhala bwanji?
Akamba am'nyanja ndi osambira bwino kwambiri. Miyendo yakutsogolo imakhala ngati zopalasa zomwe zimaiyendetsa patsogolo, miyendo yakumbuyo ngati zowongolera. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timatulutsa mchere m’mutu timaonetsetsa kuti nyamazo zimatulutsa mchere umene zaulowetsa m’madzi a m’nyanja. Umu ndi momwe amayendetsera mchere wamagazi awo.
Akamba am'nyanja alibe zotupa, ali ndi mapapo. Choncho muyenera kupitiriza kubwera pamwamba kuti mupume. Koma amazolowera moyo wa m’nyanja moti amatha kudumpha kwa maola asanu osapuma. Izi zimatheka chifukwa kagayidwe kawo kagayidwe kake kamachepa kwambiri akamadumphira m’madzi ndipo kugunda kwa mtima sikuchitika kawirikawiri, motero amagwiritsira ntchito mpweya wochepa.
Akamba am'nyanja ndi oyendayenda. Sakhala m'dera linalake la nyanja koma amafika pamtunda wa makilomita 100 patsiku. Amatsatira mafunde a m'nyanja. Komabe, amagwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yapadziko lapansi komanso mwinanso kuwala kwa dzuŵa kulunjika. Sizikudziwikabe momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito. Anyani aakazi nthawi zonse amasambira kupita kugombe komwe amaswa kuti ayikire mazira, ngakhale atayenda mtunda wamakilomita masauzande ambiri.
Azimayi ochokera kunyanja amafika pakangopita masiku angapo, choncho mazira onse adzaikira pasanathe masiku ochepa ndipo anawo amaswa nthawi yomweyo.
Anzanu ndi adani a akamba am'nyanja
Makamaka ana akamba amene angoswa kumene amakhala ndi adani ambiri. Nthawi zambiri mazira amabedwa ndi achiwembu. Ana ambiri amagwidwa ndi mbalame zanjala monga akhwangwala ndi akhwangwala akamachoka kunyanja kupita kunyanja. Koma adani anjala monga nkhanu ndi nsomba zolusa akuyembekezeranso m’nyanja. Pa avareji, kamba mmodzi yekha mwa 1 akamba amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 1000 mpaka 20 zobereka. Akamba akuluakulu am'nyanja amangoopsezedwa ndi shaki kapena masukulu a nsomba zolusa - komanso ndi anthu, omwe amawasaka nyama ndi zipolopolo zawo.
Kodi akamba am'nyanja amaberekana bwanji?
Akamba am'nyanja amakumana m'nyanja. Kenako zazikazi zimasambira kupita kunyanja kumene zinaswa. Usiku, amakwawira m’mphepete mwa nyanja, kukumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 30 mpaka 50 mumchenga, kuikiramo mazira pafupifupi 100, ndi kufosholonso dzenjelo. Kukula ndi maonekedwe a mazira amakumbukira mpira wa ping-pong. Pa avareji, mkazi amayala zingwe zinayi. Kenako imakwawiranso m’nyanja.
Mazira amayenera kuikira pamtunda chifukwa ana omwe akukula m'mazira alibe zotupa, koma mapapo ndipo amafunika kupuma mpweya. Ngati mazirawo akuyandama m’madzi, tianalo tingamira.
Dzuwa limapangitsa mazirawo kuswa. Malingana ndi kutentha, amuna kapena akazi amakula m'mazira: Ngati kutentha kuli pamwamba pa 29.9 digiri Celsius, akazi amakula. Ngati ali otsika, amuna amakula m'mazira. Anapiye a ma gramu 20 akaswa pambuyo pa masiku 45 mpaka 70, amakwawa kudutsa gombe ndi kulowa m'nyanja mwachangu momwe angathere.
Mwezi umawasonyeza njira: Kuwala kwake kumaonekera pamwamba pa nyanja, ndipo kenako kumawala kwambiri. Ana a kamba mwachibadwa amasamukira kumalo owalawa.