Mary Allen
Chifukwa cha thupi lake lolemera, kalulu wa m'nyanja amatchedwanso "buluu".
makhalidwe
Kodi kalulu wam'madzi amawoneka bwanji?
Thupi lake lonenepa komanso mafupa ake kumbuyo ndi m'mbali zimapangitsa kuti lumpfish iwoneke ngati nsomba zakale kwambiri. Akalulu a m'nyanja ndi a m'banja la flatbellied. Dzinali limachokera ku kudabwitsa kwake: Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu ena a m'banja la nsomba, akalulu apanga chimbale choyamwa kuchokera ku zipsepse za m'chiuno. Ndi izo, nyama zimatha kudziphatika pansi ndi miyala, kotero kuti ngakhale nyanja zolemera ndi mafunde amphamvu siziwavulaza.
Amuna a lumpfish ndiatali pafupifupi 30 mpaka 40 centimita, akazi mpaka 50 centimita, nthawi zina ngakhale mpaka 60 centimita. Nthawi zambiri amalemera mpaka ma kilogalamu asanu ndipo nyama zazikulu kwambiri mpaka ma kilogalamu asanu ndi awiri.
Amuna ndi akazi amasiyananso kwambiri mumtundu: zazikazi zimakhala zotuwa-buluu mpaka zobiriwira, ndipo zazimuna zimakhala zotuwa kwambiri mpaka zofiirira. Khungu lawo lilibe mamba; ndi wandiweyani komanso wachikopa. Komanso, lumpfish ilibe chikhodzodzo chosambira.
Zinasinthidwa chifukwa nthawi zambiri samakhala m'madzi akuya ndipo amasambira pang'ono: nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi kwambiri. Panthawi yoswana - yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nthawi yoberekera nsomba - mimba yamphongo imakhala yofiira. Zipsepse zapamphuno, zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipsepse zapamphuno ndipo zophimbidwa ndi khungu lokhuthala, zimakhala zazikazi kuposa zazimuna ndipo zipsepse za pachifuwa ndi zazing'ono.
Kodi lumpfish imakhala kuti?
Lumpfish amapezeka ku North Atlantic, North Sea, ndi Baltic Sea. Komabe, lumpfish kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Baltic ndi yaying'ono kwambiri: zazikazizi zimangokulira mpaka 20 centimita, zazimuna mpaka 15 centimita.
Akalulu a m’nyanja amakhala pansi pa kuya kwa mamita 20 mpaka 200 m’nyanja. Kumeneko amakonda malo okhala ndi miyala, pansi olimba kumene amatha kumamatira bwino ndi chimbale chawo choyamwa. Mutha kuwapeza mwa apo ndi apo panyanja.
Kodi pali nsomba zamtundu wanji?
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 25 ya nsomba za lumpfish. Onse amakhala m'nyanja yozizira ya kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.
Khalani
Kodi akalulu am'madzi amakhala bwanji?
Akalulu amakhala moyo wabata. Nsombazi sizioneka kawirikawiri zikusambira panyanja kapena m’madzi akuya. Amakonda kukhala m'madzi osaya pafupi ndi gombe. Pokhapokha m'nyengo yozizira amabwerera kumadzi akuya. Akalulu am'nyanja amakhala okha, pokhapokha mudzapeza nyama zingapo palimodzi.
Amasinthidwa bwino kuti azikhala m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komwe nthawi zambiri pamakhala mafunde amphamvu: Chifukwa cha diski yawo yoyamwa, amatha kugwira pansi, kotero kuti nyanja zolemera ndi mafunde amphamvu sizingawavulaze. Choncho atamangiriridwa mwamphamvu, amabisalira nyama zawo. Pochita zimenezi, amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa: Kuti mutulutse kalulu wam'nyanja yemwe amangotalika masentimita 20 kuchokera pansi, mukufunikira mphamvu yokwana makilogalamu 36!
Anzanu ndi adani a m'nyanja kalulu
Adani akuluakulu a lumpfish ndi zisindikizo, zomwe zimakonda kudya nsombazi. Koma anthunso ndi adani a lumpfish: male lumpfish ndi otchuka monga nsomba chakudya m'mayiko kumpoto. Komabe, aamuna nthawi zambiri amangodyedwa akakhala ofiira chifukwa amamva kukoma. Mwachitsanzo, ku Iceland, nyama yowuma ya lumpfish imatengedwa ngati chakudya chokoma. Pafupifupi matani 10,000 a lumpfish amagwidwa ndikugulitsidwa chaka chilichonse.
Zazikazi sizimakoma komanso sizidyedwa kawirikawiri. Komabe, amasirira mazira awo, mphalapala. Mazira a lumpfish awa nthawi zambiri amawapaka utoto wakuda ndipo amagulitsidwa ngati chotchedwa German caviar. Pafupifupi magalamu 700 a roe amatha kupezeka pa nyama iliyonse. Koma caviar yeniyeni, imakhala ndi mazira a sturgeon, nsomba yomwe masiku ano imakhala makamaka m'mitsinje ya ku Russia ndi Asia komanso pafupi ndi nyanja.
Kodi lumpfish imaberekana bwanji?
Nthawi ya masika, kuyambira February mpaka May, ndi nyengo yoberekera akalulu am'nyanja. Kenako nsomba zikwizikwi zimapita ku Nyanja ya Wadden kukaikira mazira m’madzi osaya.
Mkazi aliyense amaikira mazira 350,000 m'magulu akuluakulu a mazira 100,000 aliyense. Mipira yobereketsa iyi imayikidwa pakati pa ndere pa dothi lamiyala ndikumamatira pansi. Mazirawa poyamba amakhala achikasu ofiira ndipo kenako amasanduka obiriwira. Amakhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2.5 millimeters. Akaikira mazira, zazikazi zimasambira kubwerera m’madzi akuya.
Amuna amphongo amakhala ndi mazirawo, amadziphatika pamwala, amakupiza mazirawo ndi madzi abwino ndipo amawateteza ku nyama zolusa monga nsomba ndi nkhanu. Ngakhale kukagwa mafunde, pansi pa nyanjayo pakakhala pouma, nsomba yaimuna ya lumpfish imakhala m’manja mwawo. Ndoko ikakokoloka ndi mafunde, yaimuna imasambira pambuyo pake ndikuilondera pamalo pomwe idagonanso.
Potsirizira pake, pambuyo pa masiku 60 mpaka 70, mphutsi, zomwe zimatalika mamilimita asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu ndi awiri okha, zimaswa. Amafanana ndi tadpoles ndipo amakhala m'madzi osaya nthawi yonse yachilimwe. Kumeneko amakakamira ndere. Pakatha chaka amatalika pafupifupi 15 mpaka 30 ndipo amafanana ndi makolo awo. Kenako imafika nthawi imene amasambira pang’onopang’ono m’madzi akuya. Amakhwima pakugonana ali ndi zaka zitatu kapena zisanu.
Chisamaliro
Kodi akalulu am'madzi amadya chiyani?
Akalulu am'nyanja amakonda zonse za zomera ndi nyama: amadya nkhanu zazing'ono, nsomba, ndi jellyfish. Chakudya chake chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi chisa cha jellyfish. Komabe, amadyanso zomera za m’madzi nthawi ndi nthawi. Mphutsi za lumpfish zimadya plankton, zomwe ndi zomera komanso nyama zomwe zimayandama m'madzi a m'nyanja.
Kusunga akalulu am'madzi
Ngakhale lumpfish nthawi zina imasungidwa m'malo osungiramo nyama, pafupifupi sapezeka m'malo am'madzi achinsinsi.