Mary Allen
Ndi zinyawu zawo zazikulu, zimawoneka zazikulu kwambiri; Choncho, nswala zofiira nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa "mafumu a m'nkhalango".
makhalidwe
Kodi gwape wofiira amawoneka bwanji?
Agwape ofiira ndi a m’banja lagwape ndipo amatchedwa onyamula zida zapamphumi. Dzina loopsali limatanthauza za nyama zopanda vuto izi: nyanga zazikulu zazimuna, zomwe zimawopseza opikisana nawo ndikuteteza gawo lawo panyengo yokweretsa.
Masamba amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Ku Central Europe nswala, imakhala ndi ndodo ziwiri zomwe zimamera kuchokera ku fupa lakutsogolo ndipo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafika kumakona atatu oloza kutsogolo. Pamapeto pa antlers, mphukira zingapo zam'mbali zimatha kuphuka, ndikupanga korona. Mbawala akakula, m’pamenenso nyanga zake zimakhala ndi nthambi. Ndi nyanga zawo, nswala kunyamula katundu ndithu: amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo mu nkhani ya nswala akale kwambiri mpaka 15 kapena 25 makilogalamu.
Dzina lakuti gwape wofiira limachokera ku mfundo yakuti ubweya wa nyama zimenezi umakhala wofiirira m’chilimwe. Koma m'nyengo yozizira, amakhala ndi imvi-bulauni. Ali ndi malo aakulu oyera kapena achikasu pansi pa mchira pa matako awo, otchedwa galasi.
Mchira womwewo ndi wakuda wakuda pamwamba ndi woyera pansi. Mbawala zofiira ndi zoyamwitsa zathu zazikulu kwambiri: Amayeza mamita 1.6 mpaka 2.5 kuchokera kumutu mpaka pansi, ali ndi msinkhu wa mamita 1 mpaka 1.5, mchira wawung'ono ndi 12 mpaka 15 masentimita ndipo amalemera pakati pa 90 ndi 350 kilogalamu. Deer akhoza kusiyana mu kukula malinga ndi kugonana ndi malo okhala: amuna ndi zazikulu kuposa akazi ndi masewera khosi lalitali mane mu autumn ndi yozizira.
Kuphatikiza apo, nswala ku Central ndi Eastern Europe ndizokulirapo kuposa, mwachitsanzo, nswala ku Northern Europe kapena pachilumba cha Italy cha Sardinia.
Kodi agwape ofiira amakhala kuti?
Agwape ofiira amapezeka ku Ulaya, North America, Northwest Africa, ndi kumpoto kwa Asia. Chifukwa chakuti ankasaka kwambiri ndipo malo awo okhala - nkhalango zazikulu - akuwonongeka kwambiri, sakukhalanso kulikonse, koma m'madera ochepa okha. M'madera ena, kuyesayesa kwapangidwanso kubweretsanso nswala zofiira: mwachitsanzo ku Finland, Eastern Europe, ndi Morocco. Anasiyidwanso m’madera ena kumene sanali mbadwa, monga Australia, New Zealand, ndi Argentina.
Mbawala zofiira zimafuna nkhalango zazikulu, zotambalala zokhala ndi malo osalala kuti zikule bwino. Komabe, zimapezekanso m’nkhalango za m’mapiri komanso m’madera amoor ndi m’mapiri. Mbawala zofiira zimapewa anthu.
Kodi pali agwape ofiira amtundu wanji?
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 23 ya agwape ofiira omwe amapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Koma onsewa ndi a m’banja la agwape ofiira. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi elk North America. Chogwirizana kwambiri ndi nswala wofiira ndi nswala wa sika wochokera ku Asia, mbawala zoyera zoyera kuchokera ku Mediterranean ndi Near East zomwe zinayambika ku Ulaya, ndi mbawala zaku America zoyera, zomwe zinayambitsidwanso kumadera ena a ku Ulaya.
Kodi agwape ofiira amakhala ndi zaka zingati?
Mbawala zofiira zimatha kukhala zaka 20.
Khalani
Kodi agwape ofiira amakhala bwanji?
Mbawala zimangoyamba kuchita masewera madzulo. Koma zinali zosiyana: agwape ankapita kunja masana. Popeza ankasaka kwambiri ndi anthu, nthawi zambiri ankabisala masana. Amangotuluka kukadya madzulo. Akazi ndi amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala padera. Zazikazi zimakhala ndi ziweto pamodzi ndi ana ndipo zimatsogoleredwa ndi nswala yokalamba. Amuna amangoyendayenda m'nkhalango ali okhaokha kapena kupanga timagulu ting'onoting'ono.
Aliyense amene akudziwa kumene kumakhala nswala kudera la nkhalango akhoza kuziwona mosavuta chifukwa zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo. Njira zoterezi zimatchedwa alternations. Agwape ofiira si othamanga okha okha, komanso amathamanga kwambiri podumpha ndi kusambira. Nthawi zambiri amaona adani ali kutali chifukwa amatha kumva, kuona komanso kununkhiza bwino.
Musadabwe ngati muwona nswala zopanda nyanga: choyamba, nswala zazimuna zofiira zimakhala ndi nyanga, ndipo kachiwiri, amuna amakhetsa nyanga zawo zakale pakati pa February ndi April. Ndi mwayi wambiri, mutha kuzipeza m'nkhalango. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, nyanga zatsopanozi zidzakhala zitakula. Poyamba amaphimbidwa ndi chikopa, chomwe chimatchedwa bast, chomwe nswala pang'onopang'ono amachikhetsa popaka nyanga pamitengo yamitengo.
Abwenzi ndi adani a gwape wofiira
Mimbulu ndi zimbalangondo zofiirira zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwa nswala, nyama zazing'ono zimathanso kugwidwa ndi lynx, nkhandwe, kapena ziwombankhanga zagolide. Komabe, ndi ife, nswala alibe adani aliwonse chifukwa palibe zilombo zazikulu zomwe zatsala.
Kodi Gwape ofiira amaberekana bwanji?
Nyengo ya nyundo, Seputembala, ndi Okutobala ndi nyengo yokwerera kapena yofusira nswala. Kenako kumveka mokweza kwambiri: Amuna sakuyendayendanso m’magulu awo, koma okha n’kulola kuti phokoso lawo limvekere. Pamenepo amafuna kuuza nswala ina kuti: “Dera ili ndi langa!” Amakopanso zazikazi ndi mayitanidwe awo.
Nthawi imeneyi kumatanthauza kupsinjika kwa agwape amphongo: samadya nkomwe ndipo nthawi zambiri pamakhala ndewu pakati pa amuna awiri. Ndi nyanga zopanikizana, ziyesa wamphamvu. Pamapeto pake, wopambanayo amasonkhanitsa gulu lonse la nswala momuzungulira. Mbawala zofooka zimakhalabe zopanda zazikazi.
Patapita mwezi pali bata kachiwiri, ndipo pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi itatu makwerero, ana amabadwa, kawirikawiri mmodzi, kwambiri kawirikawiri awiri. Ubweya wawo ndi wochepa kwambiri ndipo amalemera makilogilamu 11 mpaka 14. Pakangotha maola ochepa chabe, amatha kutsatira amayi awo ali ndi miyendo yonjenjemera. Amayamwidwa kwa miyezi ingapo yoyambirira ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala naye mpaka mwana wa ng'ombe wina atabadwa. Pokhapokha akafika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu ndi omwe amakhala okhwima komanso okhwima pakugonana. Amakula mokwanira ali ndi zaka zinayi.
Ana aakazi nthawi zambiri amakhala m’thumba la mayiyo, ana aamuna amachoka pagulu akafika zaka ziwiri n’kukalowa m’gulu la agwape.
Kodi agwape ofiira amalankhulana bwanji?
Akaopsezedwa, nswala zimapanga phokoso, kulira, kapena kulira. M’nyengo ya njuchi, amphongo amabangula kwambiri m’mafupa ndi m’mafupa. Anyamatawo amatha kulira komanso kukuwa.