Nkhunda

Tili ndi mbiri yayitali, yofanana ndi nkhunda: adakhala ngati nkhunda zonyamulira kwa zaka zopitilira 2000.

makhalidwe

Kodi nkhunda zimawoneka bwanji?

Nkhunda zimawoneka zosiyana kwambiri kutengera mtundu: zimatha kukhala zoyera kapena zofiirira, koma zimatha kupangidwanso. Zina zimakhala zokongola kwambiri kapena zimakhala ndi nthenga zokongoletsa zopindika. Nkhunda zambiri zoweta zimakhala zotuwa. Mapiko ndi mchira ndi zakuda ndipo nthenga za pakhosi zimanyezimira zobiriwira mpaka zofiirira.

Mofanana ndi makolo awo akutchire, nkhunda zam'mwamba, nkhunda zoweta zimakhala pafupifupi masentimita 33 ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 300. Kutalika kwa mapiko ndi 63 centimita. Mchirawo ndi pafupifupi ma centimita khumi ndi chimodzi.

Kodi nkhunda zimakhala kuti?

Nkhunda zakuthengo zimakhala m’chigawo chapakati ndi kum’mwera kwa Ulaya, ku Asia Minor kudutsa Arabia mpaka ku India, ndiponso kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa. Nkhunda zapakhomo zafalikira padziko lonse lapansi pamodzi ndi anthu ndipo masiku ano zimakhala pafupifupi m’mizinda ikuluikulu ku Ulaya, America, ndi Asia.

Nkhunda za m’miyala zimakhala makamaka pamiyala ya m’mphepete mwa nyanja ndi pazilumba. Koma amapezekanso m’madera amiyala kumtunda ndi m’zipululu. Nkhundazi zimagwiritsa ntchito ming'alu ndi ziwonetsero zapanyumba zathu m'malo mwa miyala yachilengedwe. Ndicho chifukwa chake amapeza malo abwino okhalamo ambiri m’mizinda. Sakhazikika pamitengo.

Kodi pali nkhunda zamtundu wanji?

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 14 ya nkhunda za rock, komanso mitundu pafupifupi 140 ya nkhunda zoweta zomwe zawetedwa ndi okonda nkhunda. Ena mwa mitundu imeneyi ndi yamtengo wapatali. Kuswana kwa nkhunda kunayamba kale cha m'ma XNUMX BC ku Egypt.

Kodi nkhunda zimakhala ndi zaka zingati?

Nkhunda zapakhomo zimatha kukhala zaka 15 mpaka 20. Monga nkhunda zonyamulira, amatha kuchita "utumiki" wawo kwa zaka khumi.

Khalani

Kodi nkhunda zimakhala bwanji?

Nkhunda ndi zaluso kwambiri zowuluka. Amauluka pa liwiro la 185 km/h. Njiwa yonyamula katundu imatha kuyenda makilomita 800 mpaka 1000 patsiku. Nkhunda zimatha kuuluka mtunda wautali popanda kukupiza mapiko awo chifukwa zimatha kuwuluka mumlengalenga. Koma amathanso kuyenda mofulumira pansi.

Mofanana ndi nkhunda za miyala, nkhunda zoweta zimakhala nyama za tsiku ndi tsiku. Amakhala usiku wonse m’mapanga ndi m’ming’alu. Nkhunda zimaonedwa kuti ndi mbalame zochita chidwi kwambiri ndipo amati ndi zanzeru ngati makungubwi. Amasanthula zinthu zonse zachilendo ndi milomo yawo. Nkhunda zapakhomo sizimangokhala ndi ntchito yapadera kwa ife anthu chifukwa zimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mtendere komanso chifukwa zimatumikira monga njiwa zonyamulira pofalitsa nkhani ndi mauthenga. Nkhunda zimatumizidwa kumalo osiyanasiyana ndi eni ake. Atachoka kumeneko akhoza kubwerera kwawo.

Ngati kuli kofunikira, mpukutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi uthenga umayikidwa pa mwendo wake. Mpaka pano, sizikudziŵika bwinobwino mmene nkhunda zingapezere njira yobwerera kwawo kumtunda wa makilomita mazana kapena masauzande. Komabe, n’zodziwikiratu kuti iwo amangoyang’ana pang’ono potengera malo amene dzuŵa lili, komanso mphamvu ya maginito ya dziko lapansi mothandizidwa ndi ziwalo zapadera. Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu ya maginito imeneyi n’njosiyana pang’ono m’madera onse a dziko lapansi ndipo imasintha malinga ndi mmene malo alili, njiwazo zimatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito poyang’ana.

Nkhunda zonyamulira zoyenera zimaphunzitsidwa kwenikweni ndi oŵeta awo kuti apeze njira yobwerera kwawo. Ngakhale ngati nyama zazing'ono pausinkhu wa miyezi itatu kapena inayi, zimatengedwa pagalimoto kupita kumalo osadziwika ndipo, pambuyo popuma, zimawulukira kunyumba kuchokera kumeneko.

Mwanjira imeneyi, nkhundazo zimaphunzira pang’onopang’ono kubwerera kumudzi kwawo pa maulendo ataliatali. Nkhunda zimabereketsa njuchi mwachilengedwe. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake amayesa kupeza njira yobwerera kumalo awo omwe amachitira zisa ndi okondedwa awo.

Anzanu ndi adani a nkhunda

Adani achilengedwe a nkhunda ndi mbalame zodya nyama. Koma chifukwa chakuti nkhunda zimathawa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zochenjera kwambiri zouluka, nthawi zina zimatha kuthawa amene akuwathamangitsa. Komabe, nkhunda zathu zapakhomo zili ndi adani ochepa chabe m'mizinda, monga mphemvu, mpheta, kapena makokoni. Pachifukwa ichi - komanso chifukwa amadyetsedwa ndi anthu - amatha kuberekana kwambiri.

Kodi nkhunda zimaberekana bwanji?

Mofanana ndi makolo awo akutchire, nkhunda, nkhunda zoweta zimakonda kumanga zisa zawo m’mapanga ndi m’ming’alu. Choncho, m'mizinda, zimaswana m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi m'mawindo, m'nsanja, m'mabwinja, ndi m'mabowo.

Popeza nkhunda zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi ndi zojambula, nthawi zambiri zimamanga zisa zawo kummawa ndi kum'mwera kwa nyumba, zotetezedwa ku mphepo ndi nyengo. Komabe, zisa zawo si zaluso kwambiri: nkhunda zimangoponyera nthambi zingapo ndi nthambi pamodzi mopanda dongosolo ndikuikira mazira mu dzenje pakati.

The mating mwambo wa zoweta nkhunda ndi mmene. Amawoneka kuti akutsuka misana ndi mapiko awo mwachangu ndi milomo yawo ndikukandana mitu ndi makosi. Pomalizira pake, yaikaziyo imakankhira mlomo wake m’kamwa mwa yaimuna, monga ngati ikudyetsa mwana wa nkhunda. Kenako makwerero amachitika.

Njinda yaikazi nthawi zambiri imaikira mazira awiri, ndipo lililonse limalemera magalamu 17. Zolumikizidwa pamodzi. Yaimuna imakwirira kuyambira m’mawa mpaka masana, yaikazi kuyambira masana ndi usiku wonse.