Mary Allen
Grille ya khutu ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zodziwika bwino zomwe zimadya nsomba zam'madzi, chifukwa zimatengedwa kuti ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zabwino za algae. Komabe, izi si nsomba zongoyamba kumene, chifukwa nyama zimatha kukhala zopanda ntchito ngati sizisungidwa bwino. Anthu ochepa chabe a m’madzi a m’madzi amazindikira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Otocinclus imapezeka m’malonda chaka chonse popanda dzina loyenerera la Otocinclus affinis, chifukwa nyengo ya usodzi ili pa nthawi inayake m’madera osiyanasiyana ku Peru, Colombia, Brazil, ndi Paraguay.
makhalidwe
- Dzina: Earthritic suction catfish
- Dongosolo: Nsomba
- Kukula: 4-4.5 cm
- Chiyambi: South America
- Maganizo: osati nsomba yongoyamba kumene
- Kukula kwa Aquarium: kuchokera 54 malita (60 cm)
- pH: 6.0-8.0
- Kutentha kwamadzi: 23-29 ° C
Zosangalatsa za Ear Grille Suckers
Dzina la sayansi
Otocinclus ssp.
mayina ena
Earthritic suckers, Otocinclus affinis
Zadongosolo
- Kalasi: Actinopterygii (ray zipsepse)
- Order: Siluriformes (ngati nsomba zam'madzi)
- Banja: Loricariidae (Harnischwels)
- Mtundu: Otocinclus
- Mitundu: Otocinclus ssp. (Oyamwa makutu a grille)
kukula
Mbalame yaing’ono yokhala ndi makutu imatalika pafupifupi 4-4.5 cm, ndipo zazikazi zimakhala zazikulu pang’ono kuposa zazikazi.
Mawonekedwe ndi utoto
M’malo ochitirako chizolowezi, mitundu ya Otocinclus hoppei, O. huaorani, O. macrospilus, O. vestitus, ndi O. vittatus imapezeka, zonsezo n’zofanana kwambiri mumtundu. Kansomba kakang'ono kakang'ono kokhala ndi zida zokhala ndi mtundu wotuwa bwino ndipo kamakhala ndi mizere yakuda. Kutengera ndi mitundu, pali malo amdima ochulukirapo kapena ochepa pamunsi mwa mchira.
Origin
Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina zambiri zam'madzi, nsomba zam'makutu zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo a ziweto zimakhala zogwidwa m'tchire. Madera akuluakulu asodzi ali ku Brazil, Colombia, ndi Peru. Kumeneko kuli pamwamba pa mitsinje ikuluikulu yamadzi yoyera yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa nyengo m'madzi. M’nyengo ya usodzi (m’nyengo yachilimwe) nsombazi zimabwera m’masukulu akuluakulu ndipo zimatha kugwidwa mosavuta.
Kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Akazi amtundu wa Otocinclus ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna, omwe amakhala osalimba kwambiri m'thupi.
Kubalana
Ngakhale amayamwa am'makutu okhawo omwe amaperekedwa kutchire, kubereka kwawo mu aquarium ndikotheka. Pazimenezi, muyenera, komabe, kusamalira bwino kagulu kakang'ono ka nyama m'madzi ang'onoang'ono oswana amadzimadzi nokha ndikudyetsa bwino. Mofanana ndi nsomba zam'madzi, otocinclus yokhazikika bwino imatha kubweretsedwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwamadzi. Chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikuyesera kusintha madzi tsiku lililonse ndi madzi ozizira pang'ono. Awiri mwa magawo atatu a madzi akhoza kusinthidwa. Akazi amaikira mazira ang'onoang'ono, osawoneka bwino, nthawi zambiri payekhapayekha kapena awiriawiri, pagawo la aquarium, komanso pamitengo yamadzi. Nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe poyamba zimawonekera, poyamba zimakhala ndi thumba lalikulu la yolk ndipo zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chamtundu wa ufa (chakudya cha ufa) ndi algae (Chlorella, Spirulina).
Kukhala ndi moyo
Nthawi zambiri, kuyamwa khutu kumafika zaka pafupifupi 5 m'madzi. Komabe, ngati atasamaliridwa bwino, akhoza kukalamba kwambiri.
zakudya
Otocinclus amadya pakukula kwa nthaka, yomwe imakhala ndi algae ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Amadyera msipuwu pansi ndi pakamwa pawo poyamwa okhala ndi mano abwino kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nsombazi zimatchuka kwambiri monga odya ndere. Komabe, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti nsombazi zitha kupeza chakudya chokwanira mu aquarium. Nthawi zambiri m'madzi am'deralo mulibe algae wokwanira, monga nsomba zina zimadya ndere ndipo chakudya cha flake nthawi zambiri chimatsutsidwa ndi anthu ena okhala nawo. Powonjezera wobiriwira chakudya mu mawonekedwe a zidutswa za nkhaka kapena zukini komanso blanched masamba a letesi, sipinachi kapena nettle, mukhoza makamaka kudyetsa yaing'ono oti muli nazo zida zam'madzi.
Kukula kwamagulu
Mbalame zazing'ono zamtendere zokhala ndi zida ndizochezeka. Choncho muyenera kusunga gulu laling'ono la ziweto 6-10.
Kukula kwa Aquarium
Aquarium ya 60 x 30 x 30 cm (malita 54) ndiyokwanira kusamalira zoyamwitsa makutu. Kusamalira m'madzi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi nsomba zochepa kumakhala kwanzeru kuposa mu thanki yayikulu yokhala ndi nsomba zina zambiri, pomwe Otocinclus imasowa mwachangu.
Zida za dziwe
Ndizomveka kwambiri kukhazikitsa aquarium ya nsomba zazing'onozi zomwe zimakhala ndi miyala yochepa, matabwa, ndi zomera zazikulu za m'madzi a m'madzi kuti odya akukulawa azikhala ndi malo ambiri omwe amatha kuchotsa algae.
Gwirizanani ndi Ear Grille Suckers
M'malo mwake, nsomba zamtenderezi ziyenera kuyanjana ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu, koma munthu ayenera kupewa mitundu yonse yankhanza, yamtundu komanso yomwe imayimira mpikisano wamphamvu wazakudya. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumasunga odya algae a Siamese kapena nsomba zam'mlengalenga m'madzi am'madzi omwewo, palibe algae yomwe yatsala ku Otocinclus ndipo amayeneranso kumenyera chakudya chouma pansi. Zimamveka bwino kucheza ndi nsomba zina zamtendere monga tetras, danios, labyrinth fish, etc.
Zofunikira zamadzi
Monga nsomba zam'madzi zoyera, zoyamwitsa m'makutu sizifuna zambiri pamtundu wamadzi. Amatha kusamalidwa mmenemo popanda mavuto ngakhale m'madera omwe ali ndi madzi apampopi ovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale kusowa kwa okosijeni, amabwerera popanda vuto lililonse, ngakhale atalephera kusefa, chifukwa amatha kumeza mpweya wa mumlengalenga pamwamba pa madzi ndikuupuma m'mimba. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imakhala yabwino kwambiri pamadzi kutentha kwa 23-29 ° C.