Mary Allen
Agalu ali ndi nkhope yofulumira kuposa mimbulu - izi tsopano zatsimikiziridwa mwachibadwa. Anthu amakonda nyama zomwe nkhope yake imakhala yofulumira ngati yawo.
Agalu akunyowa, agalu akukwapula mosangalala, agalu akuthwanima pa kamera pansi pa madzi, kapena zithunzi za agalu pawokha: makalendala ndi mabuku azithunzi omwe amasonyeza nkhope ya “bwenzi lapamtima” la munthu wamiyendo inayi m’zochitika zosiyanasiyana n’zodalirika. kugulitsa bwino. Kumbuyo anthu chidwi ndi galu nkhope mwina wapadera kulankhulana pakati pa mitundu iwiri. Mfundo yakuti anthu ndi agalu nthawi zambiri amayang’anana kumaso ndi kulankhulana pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a nkhope amasiyanitsa ubale wawo ndi wa anthu ndi ziweto zina.
Ulusi wonyezimira umatsogolera
Kufunika kwa mawonekedwe a nkhope ya canine ndi kutuluka kwawo panthawi yoweta kwakhala nkhani ya maphunziro osiyanasiyana. Anne Burrows ndi Kailey Olmstead ochokera ku yunivesite ya Duquesne ku Pennsylvania tsopano akuwonjezera chidutswa chatsopano pazithunzizo. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu Burrows ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zinyama Omstead anayerekezera kuchuluka kwa minofu yapang'onopang'ono ("pang'onopang'ono", Mtundu Woyamba) ndi mofulumira ("mofulumira", Mtundu Wachiwiri) mu minofu iwiri ya nkhope ya agalu, mimbulu, ndi anthu. Kusanthula kwa Immunohistochemical kwa zitsanzo kuchokera ku orbicularis oris minofu ndi zygomaticus minofu yayikulu - minofu yonse ya pakamwa - idawulula kuti ulusi "wofulumira" mu minofu ya agalu ndi 66 mpaka 95 peresenti, pamene chiwerengero cha makolo awo, mimbulu, inangofikira pa avareji ya 25 peresenti.
Minofu ya ulusi pankhope ya galu motero imafanana ndi mmene minofu ya nkhope ya munthu imapangidwira. Burrows ndi Olmstead atsimikiza kuti panthawi yoweta ziweto, anthu mwachidziwitso kapena mosadziwa ankakonda anthu okhala ndi nkhope yothamanga.
Anatomy ya "mawonekedwe agalu"
Komabe, makolo a nkhandwe anali kale ndi zofunika zina za nkhope yowoneka bwino yomwe mitundu ina ya nyama ilibe - izi zidawonetsedwa ndi gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Burrows mu 2020 m'magazini yaukadaulo "The Anatomical Record". Mosiyana ndi amphaka, agalu, ndi mimbulu, motero, amakhala ndi minofu yolumikizana kwambiri pakati pa minofu ya nkhope ndi khungu. Anthu amakhalanso ndi fiber layer, yotchedwa SMAS (superficial musculoaponeurotic system). Kuphatikiza pa minyewa yeniyeni yotsanzira, imatengedwa kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda kwambiri kwa nkhope ya munthu ndipo ingathandizenso kuti agalu azitha kusinthasintha.
Chofalitsa mu Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, momwe gulu lozungulira Burrows lidafotokoza mu 2019 kuti agalu ali ndi minofu yolimba yokweza mbali yapakati ya nsidze kuposa mimbulu, idatulutsa nkhani zambiri. Izi zimapanga "mawonekedwe agalu" omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala osamala.
Funso Lofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi maonekedwe a galu amatanthauza chiyani?
Akatswiri achisinthiko amalankhula za kukakamiza kwa kusankha komwe kumapangitsa mawonekedwe agalu: Anthu mwina ankasamalira agalu omwe anali ndi mawonekedwe osweka mtima nthawi zambiri komanso mwamphamvu, motero amawakonda. Ndipo kotero minofu ya nsidze inagwidwa ngati mwayi wopulumuka.
Kodi galu akuwoneka akuchokera kuti?
Ofufuzawo akukayikira kuti zimenezi zinasanduka agalu apakhomo panthawi imene mimbulu ikuweta. Maonekedwe a galu wamba amapangitsa kuti nyama ziziwoneka ngati zachibwana. Komanso, amafanana ndi munthu wachisoni, zomwe zimayambitsa chitetezo chachibadwa mwa anthu.
N'chifukwa chiyani agalu ali ndi nsidze?
Zinsinsi ndi njira yofunika yolankhulirana ndipo agalu alowetsa izi. Ife, anthu, timalankhulana ndi agalu kwambiri kudzera mu maonekedwe. Galu akasochera, amayang'ana munthu m'maso, pamwamba pa diso kuti awoneke bwino.
Kodi galu amaona bwanji?
Agalu amawona mitundu mumitundu ya buluu-violet ndi yachikasu-yobiriwira. Kotero iwo alibe malingaliro a mtundu wofiira wamtundu - wofanana ndi wofiira-wobiriwira-wakhungu. Nsomba ndi mbalame zambiri, komanso nyama zina, zili ndi mitundu inayi ya ma cones, motero zimaona mitundu yambiri kuposa ifeyo!
Kodi galuyo amadziwa nthawi?
Chofunikira chomwe chimapatsa agalu chimango cha nthawi yawo ndi biorhythm yawo. Mofanana ndi nyama zambiri zoyamwitsa, agalu amakhala motsatira circadian rhythm: matupi awo amawauza nthawi yomwe angakhale achangu komanso pamene akufunika kupuma kwa maola pafupifupi 24.
Chifukwa chiyani galu wanga akuwoneka wachisoni?
Agalu ena amasonyeza makhalidwe omwe amasonyeza kuti akumva chisoni pamene wokondedwa wawo wamwalira kapena kulibe. Agalu amamvetsera kwambiri chilankhulidwe cha thupi laumunthu ndi momwe akumvera ndipo amatha kukumbatira chisoni chathu pambuyo pa imfa ya munthu wapadera.
Kodi galu angalire bwino?
Agalu sangathe kulira chifukwa chachisoni kapena chisangalalo. Koma amathanso kukhetsa misozi. Agalu, monga anthu, ali ndi timabowo timene timatulutsa timabowo timene timapangitsa kuti diso likhale lonyowa. Madzi owonjezera amatengedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kupita kumphuno.
Kodi galu angaseke?
Agalu akamawonetsa mano, anthu ambiri amaganizabe kuti izi ndizomwe zimawopseza. Koma zomwe eni ake agalu ambiri akhala akukhulupirira kwa nthawi yayitali tsopano zikutsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku: agalu amatha kuseka.