Galasi

Dzina lakuti crane limatanthauza kuti "squaw" kapena "woyimba mwanthetemya" ndipo amatsanzira kamvekedwe ka mbalame. Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zofiira, zoyera, ndi zakuda pamutu pawo.

makhalidwe

Kodi ma cranes amawoneka bwanji?

Cranes ndizosavuta kuzindikira poyang'ana koyamba: mawonekedwe awo, ndi miyendo yawo yayitali ndi khosi lalitali, amafanana ndi dokowe. Koma ndizokulirapo pang'ono ndipo zimafikira pafupifupi 120 centimita. Amakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 115 kuchokera kukamwa kupita kumchira ndipo ali ndi mapiko otalika mpaka 240 centimita.

Iwo ndi opepuka modabwitsa chifukwa cha kukula kwawo: amalemera ma kilogalamu asanu ndi awiri. Cranes ndi imvi mu mtundu, mutu ndi khosi zakuda ndi mzera woyera pansi mbali. Pamutu pawo pali malo ofiira owala kwambiri otchedwa chisoti chamutu. Mlomo wake ndi wautali ngati mutu wake.

Mukawona ma cranes akuyenda mozungulira m'madambo, nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati ali ndi mchira wa nthenga. Komabe, izi sizikhala ndi nthenga za mchira: izi ndi nthenga zazitali modabwitsa za mapiko! Komano nthenga zenizeni za mchira ndi zazifupi kwambiri. Amuna a Crane ndi akulu pang'ono kuposa akazi, apo ayi, amawoneka ofanana. Ma cranes akadali aang'ono, amakhala otuwa-bulauni ndipo mutu umakhala wofiirira.

Cranes ndi mbalame yokhayo yomwe imangokhala molt zaka ziwiri zilizonse: m'chilimwe, imalephera kuuluka mkati mwa masabata pamene ikusintha nthenga.

Kodi ma cranes amakhala kuti?

Cranes anali atafala pafupifupi pafupifupi ku Europe konse. Chifukwa chakuti zikukhala zosoŵa kwambiri kwa iwo kupeza malo abwino okhalamo, tsopano akupezeka kokha kumpoto ndi kum’maŵa kwa Ulaya ndi ku Russia kum’maŵa kwa Siberia. Zazimiririka kumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa Ulaya kuyambira chapakati pa zaka za zana la 19.

Nyama zochepa zitha kupezekabe kum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa Germany, apo ayi, zitha kuwoneka zikuyenda kuchokera kumalo oswana kupita kumalo ozizira ku Spain, kum'mwera kwa France, ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa: Kenako m'chilimwe ndi yophukira pafupifupi 40,000 mpaka 50,000. ma cranes amasamukira ku Central Europe kutali. Ngati muli ndi mwayi, mutha kuwawona m'malo awo opumira kumpoto kwa Germany.

Nkhumba zimafuna malo otseguka okhala ndi madambo, mabwato, ndi madambo amadzi momwe zimadyeramo. M’madera amene amachitira nyengo yozizira, amafufuza malo okhala ndi minda ndi mitengo. Cranes sizipezeka m'madera otsika komanso m'mapiri - nthawi zina ngakhale pamtunda wa mamita oposa 2000.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya cranes yomwe ilipo?

Masiku ano akuti kwatsala ma cranes 340,000. Koma ku Ulaya, mitundu 45,000 yokha imaswana ndipo ku Germany pafupifupi 3000 awiriawiri. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 15 ya crane. Achibale a Crane aku Europe ndi Crown Crane, Damsel Crane, White-naped Crane, ndi Red Crown Crane. Ma cranes a Sandhill amakhala ku North America ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Siberia ndi Wattled cranes ku Africa.

Kodi ma cranes amakhala ndi zaka zingati?

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti crane yomwe idagwidwa idakhala zaka 42. M’chilengedwe, mwina safika msinkhu waukulu chonchi: ofufuza amakayikira kuti amangokhala ndi zaka 25 mpaka 30 zokha.

Khalani

Kodi ma cranes amakhala bwanji?

Mbalamezi kwenikweni ndi mbalame za tsiku ndi tsiku, pokhapokha zikasamuka zimayendanso usiku. Cranes ndi ochezeka. Magulu aakulu kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala pamodzi, kufufuza chakudya pamodzi ndi kugona pamodzi. Maguluwa amakhalanso pamodzi panthawi yakusamuka kupita ndi kuchokera kumalo ozizira.

Cranes ndi amanyazi kwambiri. Mukawayandikira kuposa mamita 300, nthawi zambiri amathawa. Amaonanso ndendende pamene chinachake chasintha m’malo awo. Sachita manyazi pang’ono kumalo awo ochitira misonkhano, kumene amadzimva kukhala osungika m’magulu akulu.

Cranes amasamukira kumalo awo achisanu kudzera munjira ziwiri zosiyana. Mbalame zochokera ku Finland ndi kumadzulo kwa Russia zimauluka kupita kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Africa kudzera ku Hungary. Ma cranes ochokera ku Scandinavia ndi Central Europe amasamukira ku France ndi Spain, nthawi zina mpaka kumpoto kwa Africa.

Koma m’nyengo yozizira, nyama zina zimakhala ku Germany. Pa sitima, mukhoza kuwazindikira mwa mawonekedwe a mphero ndi kuyimba ngati lipenga. Pa sitima yawo, amaima pamalo opumira omwewo chaka ndi chaka. Nthawi zina amakhala kumeneko milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti apume ndi kudya kwambiri.

Cranes ndi mbalame zazikulu ndipo zachititsa chidwi anthu kwa zaka masauzande ambiri. Ku China, iwo ankawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha moyo wautali ndi nzeru. Kale ku Igupto, iwo anali kulambiridwa monga “mbalame zadzuŵa” ndi kuperekedwa nsembe kwa milungu. Komabe, iwo ankaonedwanso ngati chakudya ndipo ankadyedwa.

Ku Sweden, iwo ankatchedwa "mbalame zachisangalalo" chifukwa dzuwa ndi kutentha zinabwerera nawo m'nyengo ya masika. Ku Japannso, crane imatengedwa ngati mbalame yamwayi.