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International Basnight imachitika chaka chilichonse mu Ogasiti. Pofuna kukopa chidwi cha milemeyi, pali zochitika zambiri zosangalatsa zokhudza asaka tizilombo. Mwinanso m'dera lanu?

makhalidwe

Kodi mileme imawoneka bwanji?

Mileme ndi nyama zoyamwitsa ndipo pamodzi ndi nkhandwe zouluka zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri, amapanga gulu la mileme. Sizinyama zoyamwitsa zokha, komanso mbalame zokhazo zomwe zimatha kuuluka mwachangu. Mileme imatha kukula mosiyanasiyana. Mleme waukulu kwambiri ndi waku Australia, womwe ndi wautali masentimita 14, uli ndi mapiko otalika masentimita 60, ndipo umalemera pafupifupi 200 magalamu. Chaching'ono kwambiri ndi mileme yaying'ono ya njuchi, yomwe ndi masentimita atatu okha ndipo imalemera magalamu awiri okha. Azimayi nthawi zambiri amakhala okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna, apo ayi, amuna ndi akazi amawoneka ofanana.

Mileme imakhala ndi ubweya wokhuthala womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wofiirira, wotuwa, kapena pafupifupi wakuda. Mimba nthawi zambiri imakhala yopepuka kuposa kumbuyo. Mileme ndi yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha khungu lawo lothawirako, lomwe limatchedwanso kuti flight membrane, yomwe imayambira m'manja mpaka ku akakolo. Zikopa zimatambasulanso pakati pa manja ndi mapewa, pakati pa zala, ndi pakati pa miyendo.

Miyendo yakutsogolo imakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo zala zinayi za miyendo yakutsogolo zimawonjezedwa ndikuthandizira kutambasula khungu lothawa. Koma chala chachikulu ndi chachifupi komanso chili ndi khango. Zala zisanu zakumbuyo zilinso ndi zikhadabo. Ndi zimenezi, nyamazi zimatha kudzipachika panthambi kapena pamiyala zikamapuma kapena kugona.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mileme imasiyana osati kukula kwake kokha koma imadziwika kwambiri ndi nkhope zawo. Ena ali ndi mphuno zoumbika mwapadera kapena zinthu zina zapadera zomwe zimakulitsa kamvekedwe kake kamene nyama zimatulutsa. Makutu akuluakulu kwambiri omwe nyamazi zimagwidwa ndi mafunde a phokoso zimakhalanso zofanana.

Mileme imatha kuwona makamaka yakuda ndi yoyera ndi maso awo ang'onoang'ono, koma ena amathanso kuwona kuwala kwa UV. Ena ali ndi tsitsi lomveka kuzungulira mkamwa.

Kodi mileme imakhala kuti?

Mileme imapezeka pafupifupi kontinenti iliyonse padziko lapansi, kupatula ku Antarctica. Amakhala kuchokera kumadera otentha kupita kumadera otentha. Ena mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa mileme wokhala ndi makutu a mbewa, ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya mileme.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mileme imakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana: Apa imapezeka m'nkhalango, komanso m'mapaki ndi minda.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya mileme yomwe ilipo?

Pafupifupi mitundu 900 ya mileme imapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo amagawidwa m'mabanja akuluakulu asanu ndi awiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo mileme ya akavalo, mileme yosalala, ndi mileme yopanda mchira. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 40 ya mileme ku Europe komanso pafupifupi 30 ku Central Europe. Mitundu yodziwika bwino pano ndi monga mleme wamba wamba, mleme wosowa kwambiri wa akavalo, mleme waukulu wokhala ndi makutu a mbewa, ndi pipistrelle wamba.

Kodi mileme imakhala ndi zaka zingati?

Mileme imatha kukalamba modabwitsa, kukhala zaka 20 mpaka 30.

Khalani

Kodi mileme imakhala bwanji?

Mileme imakhala yausiku ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito echolocation kuyenda mumdima. Amatulutsa mafunde akupanga omwe amawonetsa zinthu ndi nyama monga tizilombo. Milemeyo imaona mmene chinthucho chilili ndipo chimatha kudziwa bwinobwino malo amene chinthu chili, kutalika kwake komanso mmene chinapangidwira. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuona mmene nyama yolusa ikuthamangira komanso kumene ikuulukira.

Kuwonjezera pa kumveka kwa maginito, mileme imagwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu yake ya maginito: Imatha kuzindikira mizere ya mphamvu ya maginito ya dziko lapansi ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito poyenda maulendo ataliatali, mofanana ndi mbalame zimene zimasamuka.

Mitundu ina ya mileme simangouluka komanso imathamanga modabwitsa pansi. Ochepa amatha ngakhale kusambira ndi kutuluka mumlengalenga kuchokera m'madzi. Mitundu yambiri ya mileme imakhala yaluso mlenje, yomwe imagwira nyama zake, monga tizilombo, pouluka.

Mileme imathera tsiku lonse ikupuma ndi kugona m’malo obisalamo. Izi zikhoza kukhala mapanga a mitengo kapena miyala, attics, kapena mabwinja. Kumeneko nthawi zambiri amakumbatirana moyandikana.

Kuno ku Ulaya, amakhala achangu kwambiri m'nyengo yofunda ndipo nthawi yophukira ikafika, amafunafuna malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira, mwachitsanzo, phanga, momwe amagonera limodzi ndi zamoyo zina zambiri.

Anzanu ndi adani a mleme

Mileme imakonda kudyetsedwa ndi nyama zolusa monga amphaka ndi martens, komanso mbalame zodya nyama ndi akadzidzi. Koma mileme ikuopsezedwa kwambiri ndi anthu chifukwa ikuwononga malo awo okhala.

Kodi mileme imabereka bwanji?

Mitundu yambiri ya mileme imabereka ana kamodzi pachaka. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nyama zoyamwitsa, zimabadwa zamoyo. Nthawi zambiri, mkazi amakhala ndi mwana mmodzi yekha.

Ku Ulaya, kukweretsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, kukula kwa ana kumachedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo izi zimabadwa pambuyo pake m'miyezi yofunda. Nthawi zambiri zazikazi zimapanga magulu m’mapanga ndipo zimaberekera ana awo kumeneko. Ana amayamwitsidwa ndi amayi. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, mileme yaying'ono imakhala yodziyimira pawokha.

Kodi mileme imalankhulana bwanji?

Mleme amagwiritsa ntchito mafoni ambiri kuti azilankhulana. Komabe, popeza mafoni awa ali mumtundu wa akupanga, sitingathe kuwamva.

Chisamaliro

Kodi mileme imadya chiyani?

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mileme imadya mosiyana kwambiri: ina imadya tizilombo, ina imadyanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono monga mbewa kapena mbalame zazing'ono komanso achule ndi nsomba. Mitundu ina, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala kumadera otentha, imadya zipatso kapena timadzi tokoma. Mitundu itatu yokha ndiyo imadya magazi a nyama zina powakanda ndi mano ndi kuyamwa magazi.