Mary Allen
Kadzidzi wa barn ndi imodzi mwa akadzidzi ofala kwambiri padziko lapansi: amakhala m'makontinenti asanu.
makhalidwe
Kodi akadzidzi a nkhokwe amawoneka bwanji?
Akadzidzi a m’khola amakhala ndi maonekedwe a akadzidzi: maso a pamutu wawo wozungulira amayang’ana kutsogolo ndipo sali m’mbali mwa mutu ngati mbalame zina. Amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi akadzidzi ena onse ndi mawonekedwe awo, mawonekedwe amtima, zoyera pankhope, zomwe zimatchedwa chophimba kumaso.
Akadzidzi a m’khola amatalika masentimita 33 mpaka 35 ndipo amalemera pakati pa 300 ndi 350 magalamu. Kutalika kwa mapiko ndi 85 mpaka 95 centimita. Akazi ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna. Msana wawo ndi wofiirira wagolide, pansi pake ndi dzimbiri lofiirira mpaka loyera. Nthenga zawo zonse zaphimbidwa ndi madontho akuda ngati chophimba. Mulomo wake ndi wachikasu mpaka imvi-woyera. Akadzidzi a m’khola ali ndi mapiko aatali, osongoka omwe amatalika mainchesi angapo kupitirira michira yawo akakhala – zikusonyeza kuti akadzidzi amasaka kuthengo.
Koma akadzidzi ena a m’nkhalango ali ndi mapiko aafupi ozungulira. Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe imeneyi, imene imawasiyanitsa ndi akadzidzi ena onse, asayansi aika m’gulu la akadzidzi a m’nkhokwe m’banja lawo la Tytonidae.
Kodi akadzidzi a m’nkhokwe amakhala kuti?
Akadzidzi a m’khola amapezeka ku Ulaya, Asia, North America, Africa, ndi Australia. Amakhala m’makontinenti onse ndi kuzilumba zambiri za m’nyanja. Kumeneko amakhala makamaka m’madera amene kulibe nyengo yabwino. Madera a polar okha a Arctic ndi Antarctica omwe sanagonjetsedwe.
Akadzidzi a m’khola amakhala makamaka m’madera amiyala. Komabe, popeza amatchedwa "otsatira azikhalidwe", amakhalanso m'malo okhala anthu ndikumanga nkhokwe, nsanja, ndi nyumba zakale kumeneko. Nthaŵi zina amakhala ngati oweta ziweto m’malo okwera a nkhunda.
Kodi pali mitundu yanji ya kadzidzi?
Pali mitundu isanu ndi inayi ndi mitundu 36 ya kadzidzi padziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi akadzidzi a m’nkhokwe amakhala ndi zaka zingati?
Akadzidzi a Barn amakhala nthawi yayitali: amatha kukhala zaka 15 mpaka 20. Komabe, pali nyama zochepa chabe zomwe zimafika msinkhu waukulu chonchi. Ambiri ali ndi zaka zinayi zokha.
Khalani
Kodi akadzidzi a m’nkhokwe amakhala bwanji?
Usiku akadzidzi amadzuka n’kupita kukasaka. Kenako zimawulukira kuminda ndi msipu, komwe zimasaka mbewa zam'munda ndi mbalame, nthawi zinanso mbalame zina kapena nyama zakutchire ndi tizilombo. Akadzidzi amasaka pakati pa madzulo ndi pakati pausiku ndi maola awiri kusanache.
Masana nyamazo zimapuma n’kukhala pamalo awo opumira. Ngati aopsezedwa, amakhala osasunthika ndi kutsina nkhope zawo pamodzi kuti maso awo aakulu asaoneke. Ngakhale kuti akadzidzi okhala m’khola amakhala m’makontinenti onse, amakonda madera a nyengo yofatsa. Izi ndichifukwa choti sangathe kudya mafuta osungidwa. M’nyengo yozizira zimatha kuchitika kuti mpaka 90 peresenti ya ziŵeto za gulu zimafa. Ngati apulumuka, kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ofooka kwambiri moti sangathe kuswana pambuyo pa nyengo yachisanu.
Akadzidzi amakhala m'banja limodzi. Mwamuna ndi mkazi akapezana, amakwatirana chaka chilichonse kwa moyo wawo wonse. Kunja kwa nyengo yoswana, akadzidzi amakhala paokha ndipo amakhala okha. Mosiyana ndi akadzidzi ena, akadzidzi amatha kusonyeza mmene akumvera ndi zizindikiro za nkhope zawo: amasonyeza mkwiyo, mantha, kapena kudabwa ngakhalenso kupanga nkhope zenizeni.
Anzanu ndi adani a kadzidzi
Kupatulapo nyama zolusa, chakudya chosoŵa ndicho mdani wamkulu wa kadzidzi: m’zaka zimene muli mbewa zochepa, akadzidzi ambiri amafa ndi njala. Ambiri amagundidwanso ndi magalimoto pamene akusaka malo otsika m’misewu.
Kodi akadzidzi a m’nkhokwe amaberekana bwanji?
Akadzidzi a m’khola amakhwima pogonana ali ndi chaka chimodzi. Nyengo yoswana ya akadzidzi m’khola ndi masika. Kuyambira m’mwezi wa February, aamuna amapanga phokoso loopsa kwambiri kuti akope chikondi cha akazi awo. Isanakwere, yaimuna imapatsa yaikazi mbewa yakufa ndikuionetsa malo oswana.
Kuyambira Epulo kapena Meyi zazikazi nthawi zambiri zimaikira mazira anayi kapena asanu ndi awiri, nthawi zina ngakhale khumi ndi awiri, mazira oyera pa malo opanda kanthu a malo awo osungiramo zisa. Samanga chisa. Nthawi zambiri mazira saikidwiratu nthawi imodzi, koma masiku angapo motalikirana. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti yaikaziyo imayamba kubereka itangoikira dzira loyamba, ana amaswa amaswa motalikirana kwa masiku angapo ndipo safanana msinkhu. Kusiyana kwa zaka kungakhale kwa masabata awiri.
Pakati pa oviposition ndi hatch pali masiku 30 mpaka 32. M’sabata yoyamba, yaikazi imakwirira ndipo yaimuna imabweretsa chakudya. Pambuyo pake, makolo onse aŵiri amasinthana.
Panthawi imeneyi, akadzidzi awiri omwe ali ndi ana awo amafunikira mbewa 100 pamwezi. M’zaka zimene chakudya chili chochuluka, ana onse amatha kutha. Komabe, chakudya chikasoŵa, abale aang’onowo amafa, akumataya achichepere okulirapo, amphamvu m’kukanika chakudya.
Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke ngati zankhanza, zimatsimikizira kuti mbalame zazing'ono ziwiri kapena zitatu zimadyetsedwa mokwanira ndipo zimakhala zamphamvu kuti zikhale ndi moyo. Akadzidzi aang'ono amathamanga patatha masiku 60 ndipo patatha milungu khumi kadzidzi ang'onoang'ono amadziimira okha.
Kodi akadzidzi ankhokwe amasaka bwanji?
Akadzidzi a Barn ndi alenje abwino kwambiri. Maso awo amatha kuona mayendedwe apansi makamaka ndipo amatha kuwona bwino, makamaka mumdima. Amamvanso bwino kwambiri ndikunyamula kanyama kakang'ono kawo. Mbewa zimawamvabe pansi pa chipale chofewa cha masentimita asanu ndi atatu. Kadzidzi akawona nyama imene akuidya, amayandamira mwakachetechete pa nyamayo n’kuigwira ndi zikhadabo zake zazitali.