Axolotls: Okhala mu Aquarium Primeval

Ndi mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa, imayambitsa machitidwe osiyanasiyana mwa ife anthu: axolotl! Mutha kudziwa komwe wokhala m'madzi am'madzi akuchokera komanso zambiri zothandiza pakusunga axolotl apa.

makhalidwe

• Dzina la sayansi: Ambystoma mexicanum
• Kalasi: amphibians
• Banja Logwirizana: Cross-tooth newts
• Zaka: Atha kukhala azaka zapakati pa 12 ndi 20, milandu pawokha mpaka zaka 28
• Kulemera kwake: 60-200 g
• Kukula: 15 mpaka 45cm
• Zochitika kuthengo: Zimapezeka ku Nyanja ya Xochimilco ndi Nyanja ya Chalco pafupi ndi Mexico City
• Zapadera: amathera moyo wawo mu gill-breathing mphutsi siteji, ali ndi mphamvu kukonzanso
• Ndalama zogulira: Kutengera mtundu ndi zaka, pakati pa 15 ndi 30 €, aquarium yoyenera kuchokera kuzungulira $200

Zinthu Zofunika Kudziwa Zokhudza Axolotl

Dzina lachilendo la nyamazi limachokera ku chinenero cha Aztec Náhuatl. Amapangidwa ndi mawu akuti Atl (= madzi) ndi Xolotl (= dzina la mulungu wa Aaziteki) ndipo amatanthauza chinachake chonga "chilombo chamadzi". Kunja kwakukulu, mumangopeza axolotl m'malo ochepa. Mbalamezi zimachokera kutali kwambiri ku Mexico ndipo zimapezeka kunyanja ziwiri zokha, Nyanja ya Xochimilco ndi Lake Chalco pafupi ndi Mexico City. Nyanja ziwirizi ndizo zotsalira za madzi akuluakulu, omwe masiku ano amangokhala ndi ngalande zazing'ono. Axolotls amakonda madzi abwino okhala ndi okosijeni omwe amapezeka m'nyanjayi ndipo amakhala pansi pamadzi. Mu 1804, axolotl adabweretsedwa ku Europe ndi katswiri wa zachilengedwe waku Germany Alexander von Humboldt, komwe adawonetsedwa kwa anthu ngati chidwi ku Paris Natural History Museum. Analinso Humboldt amene anayamba kufufuza mosamala mitundu yatsopano ya zamoyo za m’madzi.

Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zinayambira kumeneko zikadali zodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo zimapanga chinsinsi kwa ofufuza ochokera padziko lonse lapansi: axolotls ali ndi mphamvu yokonzanso. Koma mosiyana ndi zokwawa zambiri, axolotl amatha kubwezeretsa ziwalo zonse komanso mbali za ubongo wake. Chinthu china chachilendo cha nyama za m’madzi zimenezi n’chakuti sasiya mphutsi yawo kwa moyo wawo wonse. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi chilema chobadwa nacho cha chithokomiro, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kusinthika kukhala kofunikira kuti chitukuko chikhale chosatheka.

The Perfect Axolotl

Axolotls ndianthu odabwitsa kwambiri okhala m'madzi am'madzi, koma akusangalala ndi kutchuka pakati pa aquarists. Maonekedwe a axolotl ndi osavuta, koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga axolotl kokha ndi ma conspecifics. Kuyanjana ndi nyama zina sikoyenera, chifukwa amphibians nthawi zonse amawaona ngati chakudya. Ngakhale miyendo yawo, axolotl ndi nyama zoyera zam'madzi, chifukwa chake nyumba zawo zimatha kudzazidwa ndi madzi. Madzi ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa 15 mpaka 21 ° C, kutentha kwakukulu kungawononge chitetezo cha mthupi. Zindikirani izi posankha malo, malo adzuwa kapena malo pafupi ndi chotenthetsera ndi osayenera. Axolotls makamaka amathera nthawi yawo pansi pa aquarium, chomwe ndi chinthu chomwe muyenera kusamala nacho popanga.

Aquarium palokha ayenera kukula osachepera 80x40cm, pH mtengo wa madzi ndi 7 mpaka 8.5. Chofunikira kwambiri chomwe muyenera kusamala nacho mukakhazikitsa axolotl aquarium ndikusankha gawo lapansi loyenera. Nsomba zokhala ndi mano nthawi zambiri zimameza mbali za nthaka zikamadya, chifukwa chake siziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zovulaza ku axolotl. Zowononga zoterezi zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, chitsulo, zinki, ndi mkuwa. Muyenera kupewa kwathunthu zinthu izi mu mawonekedwe axolotl. Kuonjezera apo, gawo lapansili liyenera kukhala ndi kukula kwambewu 1 mpaka 3mm ndipo lisakhale lakuthwa, ngati apo ayi, kuvulala kungachitike ngati kutengedwa mukudya. Magawo monga mchenga ndi miyala ya aquarium yopanda utoto mu kukula kwake koyenera ndi yoyenera kusunga axolotl mu aquarium.

Kodi aquarium iyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwanji?

Monga m'madzi aliwonse am'madzi, fyuluta yogwira ntchito bwino ndiyofunikira kwambiri pano, yomwe imatsimikizira ukhondo wangwiro mu thanki. Komabe, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti fyulutayo siyambitsa kuchulukirachulukira, chifukwa axolotl imakonda madzi abata. Komabe, kutentha ndi kuyatsa sikofunikira kwenikweni. Kutentha pang'ono sikungavulaze, komabe, chifukwa zomera zambiri zomwe zili zoyenera ku zinyama zimafuna kuwala kochokera ku nyali za UV. Komabe, nthawi zonse zimatengera zomera zomwe mumasankha ku aquarium. Zomera zoyenera ndi, mwachitsanzo, hornwort, java moss, ndi duckweed. Pali pafupifupi palibe malire ku mapangidwe ambiri a dziwe. Amphibians amakonda mumthunzi, chifukwa chake malo ambiri obisala, milatho ndi mapanga amatha kukongoletsa aquarium.

Kudyetsa mu beseni la axolotl

Axolotls amaonedwa kuti ndi osaka ma ambulansi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amadya chilichonse chomwe angachidule ndikulowa mkamwa mwawo. Zakudya zawo zimaphatikizapo nsomba zing'onozing'ono, mphutsi za tizilombo, nyongolotsi, shrimp, ndi crustaceans zina. Kuti Axolotl amve bwino, zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa ichi ndiye chinthu chapafupi kwambiri ndi zakudya zachilengedwe zakuthengo. Popeza nyamazo zimakhala pansi nthawi zambiri, chakudya chawo chiyeneranso kumira osati kusambira pamwamba. Chakudya chamoyo chomwe chimasambira podutsa nyama ndi choyeneranso.

Chakudya cha ma pellet chimathanso kudyetsedwa, makamaka ngati chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Ma pellets amatha kukhala ndi zokometsera zosiyanasiyana monga salimoni kapena trout ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kukula msanga kapena kulemera, mwachitsanzo. Mlingo woyenera wa chakudya nthawi zonse umadalira zaka za axolotl. Ziweto zazikulu zimatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa masiku 10 mpaka 14 popanda chakudya popanda vuto lililonse, koma ziyenera kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Malingana ndi msinkhu wawo ndi kukula kwawo, amapeza chakudya chawo kamodzi kapena kawiri pamlungu.

zachilendo

Axolotls ndi nyama zodabwitsa zomwe zachititsa chidwi komanso zalimbikitsa ofufuza ndi osunga kwazaka zambiri. Amphibians akuchulukirachulukira kukhala ndi ziweto. Makhalidwe a axolotl ndi ngati zinthu zochepa ziwonedwa, zosavuta komanso zosunthika, popeza ndi nyama zamitundu yambiri zomwe zili ndi khalidwe lawo.