Mary Allen
Kaya nsomba za golide, ma guppies, kapena carp: nsomba ndi zina mwa ziweto zodziwika bwino ku Germany ndipo zimakhala m'madzi opitilira 1.9 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, poyerekezera ndi nyama zina, timadziwa zochepa chabe zokhudza nsomba. Kapena munayamba mwaganizapo chifukwa chake nsomba zimakhala ndi mamba komanso ngati zimadwala ndi mafunde amphamvu? Ayi? Ndiye ndi nthawi yoti tithane ndi anthu okhala pansi pamadzi amoyo. Ali ndi zodabwitsa zochepa zomwe akuyembekezera ndipo m'zaka zapitazi adapanga njira zosangalatsa zomwe zimatsimikizira kupulumuka kwawo m'nyanja ndi nyanja za dziko lathu lapansi.
Kodi Nsomba Ziyenera Kumwa?
N’zoona kuti ngakhale nsomba zakhala zikuzunguliridwa ndi madzi kwa moyo wawo wonse, zimafunika kumwa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa, mofanana ndi nyama zonse ndi zomera, mfundo yakuti “popanda madzi, kulibe moyo” imagwiranso ntchito kwa iwo. Mosiyana ndi ife okhala kumtunda, komabe, nsomba za m'madzi am'madzi sizimamwa madziwo, koma m'malo mwake, zimangodzitengera okha kudzera m'matumbo awo komanso thupi lawo lomwe limatha kutha. Izi ndichifukwa choti mchere womwe uli m'matupi a nyama ndi wochuluka kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndipo madzi amalowa mu nsomba kuti athe kubwezera kusalinganika kumeneku (mfundo ya osmosis).
Zinthu nzosiyana pang’ono ndi nsomba za m’madzi amchere: Apa mchere wa m’madzi ndi wochuluka kuposa umene uli m’thupi la nsombayo. Choncho, nyamayo imataya madzi mpaka kalekale chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake. Kuti madzi asatayike, nsombazi zimafunika kumwa. Kuti mcherewo usefedwe m’madzi, Mayi Nature akonzekeretsa anthu okhala m’madzimo misampha yosiyanasiyana: Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya nsomba imagwiritsa ntchito mphuno zake, ina imakhala ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m’matumbo tomwe timapanga madzi akumwa. Kenako nsombazi zimatulutsa mchere wochuluka m’matumbo mwake.
Kodi Nsomba Zikhoza Kugona?
Funsoli likhoza kuyankhidwa ndi "inde". Kuti muthane ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku bwino ndikuwonjezeranso mabatire, nsomba zimafunikanso kugona.
Komabe, kugona sikwapafupi kuwazindikira monga momwe kumakhalira kwa ife anthu. Nsomba zilibe zikope ndipo zimagona ndi maso. Tulo nalonso limasiyana m’njira zina: Ngakhale kuti kugunda kwa mtima wawo kumachepa ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kumachepa, kuyeza kumasonyeza kuti nsomba zilibe tulo tofa nato. Kumbali inayi, amagwera mumtundu wa madzulo omwe amatha kusokonezedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi kayendedwe ka madzi kapena chipwirikiti. Nzosadabwitsa, chifukwa guppy wogona kwambiri kapena neon tetra angakhale chakudya chabwino kwa nsomba zolusa zanjala. Komanso nsomba zambiri zimapuma pogona. Mwachitsanzo, ma wrasses ndi stingrays, mwachitsanzo, amakwirira mumchenga pogona, pamene damselfish amakwawira m'makorale akuthwa.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Nsomba Zimakhala Ndi Mamba?
Mamba sangalowe m'malo mwa nsomba zamitundu yambiri, chifukwa zimalimbitsa thupi la nsomba ndikuziteteza kuti zisakhumudwitse zomera kapena miyala. Ma mbale ophatikizika amapangidwa ndi zinthu zofanana ndi zikhadabo zathu komanso amakhala ndi laimu. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala olimba komanso osinthika nthawi imodzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti nsomba zimatha kudutsa m'ming'alu kapena mapanga. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti flake imagwa. Komabe, ili si vuto chifukwa nthawi zambiri limakula msanga.
Aliyense amene wagwirapo nsomba amadziwanso kuti nsomba nthawi zambiri imaterera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha minyewa yopyapyala yomwe imakwirira mamba. Zimateteza nsomba kuti zisalowe m'malo mwa mabakiteriya ndipo zimaonetsetsa kuti zizitha kuyenda mosavuta m'madzi posambira.
Kodi Nsomba Zitha Kuona Bwino Bwanji?
Mofanana ndi ife anthu, nsomba zili ndi maso otchedwa lens, amene amazithandiza kuona mbali zitatu ndi kuzindikira mitundu. Mosiyana ndi anthu, komabe, nsomba zimatha kuona bwino zinthu ndi zinthu zomwe zili pafupi (mpaka mamita), popeza alibe njira yosinthira ana awo kupyolera mukuyenda kwa iris.
Ili si vuto, komabe, ndipo chilengedwe chinafuna kuti zikhale choncho: Ndipotu, nsomba zambiri zimakhala m'madzi akuda ndi amdima, kotero kuti maso abwino sangakhale omveka.
Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimakhala ndi lingaliro lachisanu ndi chimodzi - chotchedwa lateral line limba. Imagona pansi pa khungu ndipo imafalikira mbali zonse za thupi kuchokera kumutu mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Ndi izo, nsomba zimatha kumva kusintha kwakung'ono kwambiri mumayendedwe amadzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo amazindikira adani, zinthu, kapena kuluma kokoma kwa nyama akuyandikira.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Nsomba Siziphwanyidwa ndi Kuthamanga kwa Madzi?
Ngati timiza anthu mozama mamita angapo, zitha kukhala zoopsa kwa ife. Chifukwa chakuti pamene timira mozama, m’pamenenso madzi a m’thupi lathu amathamanga kwambiri. Pa kuya kwa makilomita khumi ndi limodzi, mwachitsanzo, mphamvu ya magalimoto pafupifupi 100,000 imagwira ntchito pa ife ndipo imapangitsa kupulumuka popanda mpira wodumphira kukhala kosatheka. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri n’chakuti mitundu ina ya nsomba imasambirabe m’njira zawo mosadodometsedwa pa kuya kwa makilomita angapo ndipo ikuwoneka kuti ilibe mphamvu ngakhale pang’ono. Zatheka bwanji
Kufotokozera kwake n’kosavuta: Mosiyana ndi anthu okhala kumtunda, maselo a nsomba sadzazidwa ndi mpweya koma ndi madzi choncho sangangofinyidwa pamodzi. Mavuto angabwere ndi kusambira kwa chikhodzodzo cha nsomba. Komabe, nsomba za m'nyanja yakuya zikatuluka, izi zimagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu ya minofu kapena kulibe konse.
Kuonjezera apo, pali mitundu yosambira yozama kwambiri yomwe imakhala yokhazikika ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mkati mwa thupi ndipo samachoka kumalo awo, chifukwa amatha kuphulika pamwamba pa madzi.
Kodi Nsomba Zingalankhule?
Inde, palibe kukambirana kwa munthu ndi munthu pakati pa nsomba. Komabe, ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolankhulirana. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba zotchedwa clownfish zimagwedeza zivindikiro za m'chiuno mwake ndipo motero zimathamangitsa adani m'dera lawo, zotsekemera zimalankhulana mwa kukhuzana mano.
Herrings apanganso njira yosangalatsa yolumikizirana: Amakankhira mpweya kuchokera m'chikhodzodzo chawo ndikulowa m'matako ndipo motero amapanga mawu oti "mwana wamphongo". N’zosakayikitsa kuti nsombazi zimagwiritsa ntchito mawu awo apadera polankhulana pasukulupo. Zowonadi, ochita kafukufuku awona kuti kuchuluka kwa ma pupa kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa hering'i pagulu.
Kulankhulana kwakukulu pakati pa anthu okhala pansi pa madzi, komabe, sikuchitika kudzera m'mawu, koma kudzera mumayendedwe ndi mitundu. Pofuna kusangalatsa wokondedwa, nsomba zambiri, mwachitsanzo, zimavina zovina kapena kuwonetsa madiresi awo amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kodi Nsomba Zingadwale Nyanja?
Chombocho chikangochoka kudoko, kodi mumamva kupweteka mutu, thukuta, ndi masanzi? Nkhani yachikale ya kudwala panyanja. Koma kodi zamoyo za m’nyanja zimene zimalimbana ndi mafunde tsiku lililonse zili bwanji? Kodi Ndinu Wotetezedwa ku Matenda a Nyanja?
Mwatsoka, ayi. Chifukwa monga ife anthu, nsomba zilinso ndi ziwalo zofananira, zomwe zili kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa mutu. Nsomba ikakankhidwa uku ndi uku m’nyanja yomwe ili ndi vuto, imatha kusokonekera ndipo imayamba kudwaladwala. Nsomba zomwe zakhudzidwa zimayamba kutembenuka ndikuyesa kuwongolera momwe zinthu ziliri. Izi zikalephera ndipo nseru ikukulirakulira, nsomba zimatha kusanza.
Komabe, m’malo awo achilengedwe, kaŵirikaŵiri nsomba sizivutika ndi matenda a panyanja, chifukwa zimangotuluka m’nyanja mozama pamene sizikumva bwino ndipo motero zimapeŵa mafunde amphamvu. Mkhalidwewu ndi wosiyana pamene nsomba zimakokedwa mwadzidzidzi mu maukonde otetezeka kapena - zopakidwa bwino - kunyamulidwa m'galimoto. Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti kufika panyumba yatsopanoyo ndi "puke", oŵeta ambiri amapewa kudyetsa nsomba zawo asananyamuke.