Mary Allen
He ʻiole ka Marmots. Noho lākou ma ka ʻāpana ʻākau o ka honua, koe wale nō ma ka Arctic. Makemake lākou i nā wahi anu, no ka laʻana ma nā mauna a i ʻole he steppe.
He hapalua mika ka lōʻihi o nā marmot. A laila aia ka huelo. He mau kilokani ko lakou kaumaha. He ʻulaʻula maʻamau ka hulu ʻeleʻele no laila ua uhi pono ʻia lākou. He pōkole nā wāwae. He akamai lākou i ka ʻeli ana. Ma laila lākou e moe ai i ka pō, hānai i kā lākou mau keiki, a hiamoe.
He 14 mau ʻano marmot. No ka ʻohana marmot a me ka ʻohana squirrel. ʻO kā lākou ʻohana pili loa, ʻo kā mākou i ʻike maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia nā squirrels.
He ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia ʻano: He loner ka woodchuck mai Kanada. I ka hihia o ka marmot ʻōpū melemele, mai Kanada mai, noho kahi kāne a me kekahi mau wahine pili i loko o ke ana. Eia naʻe, noho ka hapa nui o nā ʻano marmot i nā kolo. Ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi kāne he haku me ko lāua mau ʻohana ʻōpio. Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe aku ma hope a hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i ko lākou kolone ponoʻī.
Kūkākūkā nā Marmots me nā leo e like me ke kani ʻana iā kākou nā kānaka. Manaʻo pinepine mākou i nā manu. Aka, he uwa na kiohi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i kekahi i kekahi i ka pōʻino mai nā mea ʻaihue. He mau manu lele pinepine keia.
Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano marmot e noho ana ma ʻEulopa, ʻo ka marmot alpine. Noho kiʻekiʻe ma nā mauna. Ke ulu nei ka mauʻu a me nā mea kanu i laila, akā ʻaʻohe lāʻau hou no ka lahilahi o ka ea no lākou. Ma waho aʻe o nā Alps, aia wale nō nā wahi e like me kēia ma Carpathians. He pae mauna keia mai Auseturia a hiki i Romania a i Serbia.
Pehea ka noho ʻana o ka marmot alpine?
No ka mea, ʻo ka marmot alpine wale nō ka ʻano marmot ma ko mākou ʻāina, kapa mākou iā ia he marmot. Ma ka hema o Kelemānia a me ʻAsuria, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Mankei a i ʻole Murmel. Ma Switzerland, he Mungg ia. ʻO nā marmots Alpine wale nō i noho ma ka Black Forest a me nā Pyrenees mai ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ai nā kānaka iā lākou ma laila.
ʻO nā rodents, ʻo ka beaver a me ka porcupine ka nui ma ʻEulopa. ʻO kahi marmot alpine makua ma kahi o kanalima kenimika mai ke poʻo a lalo. Pili nui ke kaumaha i ke kau. I ke kauwela, ʻai nā holoholona i nā waihona momona no ka hoʻoilo. No laila pono ʻoe i nā meadows me ka mauʻu a me nā mea kanu. ʻAi pū lākou i nā aʻa, nā lau, a me nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpiopio. I ka hoʻoilo, nalowale lākou i kahi hapakolu o ko lākou kaumaha.
Hoʻohana nā marmot alpine i kā lākou lua no nā makahiki he nui. Pono ka lalo i kahi papa mānoanoa o ka lepo no lākou e ʻeli i ko lākou mau lua. Hiki i nā lua ke nui a ākea ākea. He liʻiliʻi nā puka komo a nui nā puka e pono ai kahi pakele.
ʻO nā ana no ke kauwela aia ma lalo o ka lepo. Ma laila lākou e moe ai i ka pō. Hāpai lākou i kā lākou mau keiki ma nā keʻena pūnana kūikawā. ʻOi aku ka hohonu o nā paipu no ka hoʻoilo no ka mea ʻaʻole maloʻo ka lepo ma laila. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hibernation ma mua o ka hapalua makahiki.
Pehea ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio?
ʻAʻole i hoʻāla ʻia mai ka moe ʻana, hoʻomoe ke aliʻi kāne me ke aliʻi wahine. ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ka manawa, akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hana. Ma hope o ʻelima pule, hānau ka makuahine i ʻelua a ʻeono mau keiki. ʻAʻohe o lākou hulu, ʻaʻohe lohe a ʻike, ʻaʻohe niho. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke keiki ma kahi o 30 grams, no laila ʻekolu no ke kaumaha o kahi pā kokoleka.
Omo waiu ka poe opiopio mai ko lakou makuahine. Ke ulu ikaika nei lākou a ulu a hiki i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka lua no ka manawa mua ma hope o ʻeono pule. Mai ia manawa, huli lākou i kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻai nui a kau i ka momona ke ola i ka hibernation mua.
Hiki i nā holoholona ʻōpio ke oʻo i ka moe ma hope o ka lua o ka hibernation i ka wā mua. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ʻōpio iā ʻoe iho mai ia manawa. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono lākou e neʻe mai ka home, e ʻimi i ko lākou wahi ponoʻī, a kūkulu i ke ana ma laila. He pōʻino loa kēia no ka mea i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe o lākou lua pale a ʻaʻohe ʻohana e aʻo aku iā lākou.
He aha nā ʻenemi i loaʻa i ka marmot alpine?
Mai ka lewa mai ka mea ʻaihue maʻamau. ʻO ia ka ʻaeto gula. Puhi ʻo ia i lalo a lele i nā holoholona ʻōpio ma mua o ka nalowale ʻana i loko o ke ana. ʻO ka ʻenemi maʻamau ka ʻalopeke ʻulaʻula. Inā hiki, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā marmots i kekahi i kekahi me kā lākou puʻupuʻu, akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lawa ia.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ma mua, ua hui pū nā marmot alpine i ka hana a aia kekahi mau kiaʻi e kiaʻi mau ana. I kēia lā, ʻike mākou, ʻaʻole pololei kēia. ʻAi a hoʻomaha kēlā me kēia holoholona i waena. Inā hoʻomaha ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama pono i nā ʻenemi. No laila, huli nā luna hoʻomalu.
ʻO ka ʻenemi nui naʻe, ʻo ia ka mehameha i ka hoʻoilo mua ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO kēlā me kēia holoholona lua e noho wale i ka hoʻoilo mua wale nō e make. ʻO ka hoʻoilo mua i nā mākua he mea weliweli hoʻi, akā ʻaʻole nui. ʻO nā holoholona kahiko, hoʻokahi wale nō ma kahi o iwakālua i make i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai kahi mea ʻaihue.
ʻO kekahi ʻenemi ke kanaka. I ka wā ma mua, nui nā marmot alpine i pepehi ʻia e ka poʻe hahai holoholona. ʻAi lākou i ka ʻiʻo, hoʻohana i ka hulu, a hoʻohana i ka momona i lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe i ka ʻaila marmot no ka ʻeha ami. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā marmots Alpine e pau. Hoʻoholo ka mokuʻāina i ka nui o nā holoholona e ʻimi ʻia.