Mary Allen
Introduction: ʻO ka hihia hoihoi o nā ʻīlio a me nā pihi ʻōpū
ʻO nā ʻīlio i aloha nui ʻia nā holoholona a me nā hoa, akā aia kekahi mea e pili ana iā lākou: nele lākou i nā pihi ʻōpū. Hiki ke pilikia kēia, no ka poʻe maʻa i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pihi ʻōpū i hōʻailona o ka hānau ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i ka mea pohihihi o ke kumu ʻaʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio a me ke ʻano o kēia no ko lākou olakino a me ka ulu ʻana.
ʻO nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū: He hōʻailona o ka hānau ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka Mammalian
ʻO nā pihi ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā kaula umbilical, kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā mammals. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai ka fetus i ka placenta ma o ke kaula umbilical. He mea ola ke kaula, e hāʻawi ana i ka hānai e ulu ana me nā meaʻai a me ka oxygen mai ke kahe koko o ka makuahine. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻoki ʻia ke kaula a noho mau ka ʻōpū i hōʻailona o ka hānau ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka holoholona.
Nā ʻīlio a me kā lākou Pūnaehana Reproductive Unique
He ʻōnaehana hānau ʻokoʻa ko nā ʻīlio e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā mammals ʻē aʻe. Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka menstrual cycle e like me ke kanaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe he nui, ʻike nā ʻīlio wahine i ka estrus a i ʻole ka wela. I loko o kēia wā, ʻoluʻolu ka ʻīlio wahine i ka male a hiki ke hāpai. Aia ma kahi o 63 lā ka manawa hāpai ʻana o nā ʻīlio, a ulu nā ʻīlio i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine.
E ʻimi ana i ke Anatomy o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻīlio
Aia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻīlio kekahi mau mea nui, e like me ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū, ke ake, a me nā puʻupaʻa. Hana pū kēia mau ʻōpū e ʻeli i ka meaʻai, hoʻopaʻa i nā meaʻai, a hoʻopau i ka ʻōpala. ʻAʻole like me ke kanaka, ʻaʻohe ʻiʻo diaphragm i ka ʻīlio e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka umauma a me nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i nā ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻīlio ke neʻe maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o ke kanaka.
ʻAʻohe piko, ʻaʻohe pilikia: Pehea e loaʻa ai i nā ʻīlio kā lākou mau meaʻai
ʻAʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio, akā loaʻa nō iā lākou nā meaʻai mai ko lākou makuahine i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal. Hana ʻia kēia ma o ka placenta, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻōkana kūikawā e hoʻopili ai i nā ʻīlio e ulu ana i ke kahe koko o ka makuahine. Hāʻawi ka placenta i nā meaʻai a me ka oxygen e hele mai ka makuahine i nā ʻīlio, e like me ke kaula umbilical i nā mammals ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke kuleana o ka Placenta i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻīlio
He wahi koʻikoʻi ka placenta i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻīlio. ʻAʻole ia e hāʻawi wale i nā meaʻai a me ka oxygen i nā ʻīlio e ulu ana akā kōkua pū nō hoʻi i ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ko lākou kahe koko. Hoʻopuka pū ka placenta i nā hormones e hoʻoponopono i ka hāpai ʻana o ka makuahine a hoʻomākaukau i kona kino no ka hānau ʻana.
Ka Pohihihi o ke kaula umbilical nalo
ʻAʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio, no laila hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ko lākou hānau ʻana. Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻīlio i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine, hānau ʻia lākou ma ke ala hānau. ʻO nā ʻokiʻoki o ka makuahine ke kōkua i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i nā ʻīlio mai ka ʻōpū a i ka honua. No ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kaula umbilical, ʻaʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio.
Ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻīlio me nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe i nele i ka ʻōpū
ʻAʻole ʻo nā ʻīlio wale nō nā ʻano i nele i ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e like me nā marsupial, nā manu, a me nā mea kolo, ʻaʻohe pihi ʻōpū. ʻO kēia no ka mea he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal a me ka hānau ʻana ʻaʻole pono ke kaula umbilical.
ʻO ka Moʻolelo Evolutionary o nā pihi ʻōpū
Ua ulu nā pihi ʻōpū i nā miliona mau makahiki ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻōpū i ke kahe koko o ka makuahine. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ke kaula ʻōpū a me nā pihi ʻōpū i nā mammals mua loa, e like me nā monotremes. Eia nō naʻe, i ka ulu ʻana o nā mammals a hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana hānau ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ua lilo ke kaula umbilical i ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal.
Nā Manaʻo no ke kumu i nele ai nā ʻīlio i nā pihi ʻōpū
Nui nā manaʻo no ke kumu ʻaʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi he hopena wale nō ia o kā lākou ʻōnaehana hānau ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole pono ke kaula umbilical. Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻē aʻe ua loaʻa i nā ʻīlio nā pihi ʻōpū i kekahi manawa i ko lākou moʻolelo evolutionary, akā nalowale lākou i ko lākou hoʻololi ʻana i ko lākou kaiapuni.
Nā hopena no ke ola kino a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻīlio
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio, ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi i ko lākou olakino a mālama. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui i ka poʻe mālama holoholona ke hoʻomaopopo i ke anatomy kūikawā a me ka ʻōnaehana hānau o kā lākou ʻīlio i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka mālama maikaʻi loa.
Ka Hopena: Wehe i ka Pohihihi o nā ʻīlio ʻIlio ʻAʻole Puka ʻōpū
I ka hopena, ʻaʻohe ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio ma muli o kā lākou ʻōnaehana hānau ʻokoʻa a me ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal. Ma kahi o ke kaula umbilical, pili lākou i ke kahe koko o ko lākou makuahine ma o ka placenta. ʻOiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pihi ʻōpū he mea hoihoi paha i kekahi, ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi i ke olakino a mālama ʻana paha o ka ʻīlio. Ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke anatomy a me ka ʻōnaehana hānau o nā ʻīlio, hiki iā mākou ke mahalo nui i ko lākou mau ʻano kūʻokoʻa a hāʻawi i ka mālama maikaʻi loa no kā mākou mau hoa huluhulu.