Introduction to Black Rat Snakes

ʻO Black Rat Snakes, ʻike ʻia ʻepekema ʻo Pantherophis obsoletus, he mau mea kolo make ʻole no ka ʻohana Colubridae. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia mau nahesa ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ma ka hikina a me ke kikowaena o ka ʻāina. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Black Rat Snakes no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi a hiki ke ulu i nā wahi noho like ʻole, me nā ululāʻau, nā mauʻu, nā ʻāina mahiʻai, a me nā wahi kaona. Me ko lākou hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi a me nā mākau hahai holoholona, ​​​​He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka Black Rat Snakes i ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o nā kaiaola.

Ka noho ʻana a me ka laha ʻana o nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

He laha ākea ka Black Rat Snakes, mai ka ʻāpana hema o Kanada a hiki i ke Kai Kai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā ululāʻau deciduous, kahi hiki iā lākou ke hūnā maʻalahi iā lākou iho ma waena o nā lau hāʻule a me nā kumu lāʻau. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau nahesa e noho ana i nā wahi pōhaku, nā hale i haʻalele ʻia, a me nā māla mahiʻai. ʻO kā lākou hoʻololi ʻana e hiki ai iā lākou ke ola ma nā kaiāulu a me nā kaona o ke kūlanakauhale, e lilo lākou i mea maʻamau i nā wahi he nui.

Nā ʻano kino o nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

ʻO nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele nā ​​mea kolo nui, me nā pākeke e hiki i ka awelika lōʻihi o 4 a 6 kapuaʻi. He kino ʻōniʻoniʻo ko lākou, uhi ʻia i nā unahi ʻeleʻele ʻālohilohi. Eia naʻe, hiki ke hoʻopunipuni iki ko lākou inoa, no ka mea hiki ke ʻokoʻa ko lākou kala. Hōʻike kekahi poʻe i ke kala ʻeleʻele paʻa, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he ʻulaʻula a hina paha. Eia kekahi, he keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha ka ʻaoʻao ma lalo o ka Black Rat Snakes me nā kaha ʻeleʻele. He poepoe ko lakou mau maka a puni e ke apo melemele a keokeo paha.

ʻO ka hanai ʻana i nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele ma ka nahele

ʻO Black Rat Snakes he mau mea ʻaihue manawaleʻa a loaʻa iā lākou kahi meaʻai like ʻole. He poʻe hahai holoholona akamai lākou e hoʻohana ana i ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻano hana ʻaihue a hoʻohālua e hopu i kā lākou pio. ʻO kēia mau nahesa ka hana nui i ka pō a hilinaʻi i ko lākou ʻono ʻono e ʻimi ai i nā meaʻai. ʻOiai hiki ke ʻokoʻa kā lākou meaʻai ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana, ʻai nui nā Black Rat Snakes i nā mammals liʻiliʻi, nā manu, nā hua manu, nā amphibians, nā mea kolo, nā inike, a me nā invertebrates.

Nā Māmā Liʻiliʻi: He mea nui i ka ʻai o nā Nahesa ʻIole ʻEleʻele

ʻO nā mammals liʻiliʻi, e like me nā ʻiole, nā ʻiole, nā vole, a me nā chipmunks, he mea nui i ka ʻai o ka Black Rat Snakes. ʻO kēia mau nahesa he poʻe ʻaihue maikaʻi a hiki ke hoʻopau i kā lākou mea pio ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia me ko lākou kino ikaika. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke ale i nā meaʻai ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka nui o ko lākou poʻo e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻai i nā mammal liʻiliʻi holoʻokoʻa. Hāʻawi kēia meaʻai ikaika nui i nā meaʻai e pono ai no ko lākou ola a ulu.

Nā Manu a me nā Hua: Nā Manaʻo ʻai o nā Nahesa ʻIole ʻEleʻele

He makemake nō hoʻi ʻo Black Rat Snakes i nā manu a me kā lākou mau hua. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou e piʻi i nā kumulāʻau a lele i nā pūnana manu no ka ʻimi ʻana i meaʻai. ʻO ka hiki ke hohola i ko lākou ʻāwae hiki iā lākou ke ale i nā hua manu a me nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā nestling a i ʻole nā ​​manu makua inā loaʻa ka manawa kūpono. Hāʻawi kēia makemake meaʻai i kahi kumu meaʻai like ʻole no Black Rat Snakes.

ʻO nā Amphibians a me nā mea kolo: He pio no nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

ʻO nā Amphibians a me nā mea kolo kekahi hapa nui o ka ʻai a ka Black Rat Snake. ʻAi lākou i nā rana, nā toads, salamanders, a me nā ʻano nahesa like ʻole, me kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Black Rat Snakes e hoʻohana pono i ka nāwaliwali o nā mea kolo hou, e hoʻoweliweli iā lākou i ke ola ʻana o nā ʻano nahesa ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā Insects a me nā Invertebrates: Meaʻai Hoʻohui no nā Nahesa Iole ʻEleʻele

Hoʻohana ʻia nā iniseti a me nā invertebrates ma ke ʻano he kumu meaʻai hou no ka Black Rat Snakes. ʻAi lākou i nā ʻano arthropods he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻūhini, nā ʻokiʻoki, nā pīkī, a me nā ʻūhā. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea ʻai liʻiliʻi i nā meaʻai pono a kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻai a ka nahesa.

Nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ke kau i ka ʻai o nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

Hōʻike ka Black Rat Snakes i nā ʻano like ʻole o kā lākou meaʻai ma muli o ke kau. I loko o nā mahina mahana, i ka nui o nā mammals liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, makemake lākou e ʻai i nā mea pio nui. I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, i nā mahina hoʻoilo a i ʻole nā ​​manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea pio liʻiliʻi, hilinaʻi nui paha lākou i nā mea pio liʻiliʻi, e like me nā iniseti a me nā invertebrates.

Nā ʻenehana hahai holoholona o nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

Hoʻohana ʻo Black Rat Snakes i nā ʻano hana hahai holoholona e hopu ai i kā lākou pio. He poʻe akamai lākou i ka piʻi a hiki ke piʻi i luna i nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hale e hiki ai i nā pūnana manu a i ʻole hoʻohālua i nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke noho me ka neʻe ʻole no nā manawa lōʻihi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hui pū me ko lākou puni, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mau mea hoʻohālua maikaʻi. I ka manawa e hele ai kā lākou pio i kahi mamao loa, hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou reflexes wikiwiki a me ka ʻenehana constriction e lanakila ai a hoʻopau iā ia.

Ka ʻai ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana: Pehea e ʻai ai nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele i ka meaʻai

He mana kupaianaha ko Black Rat Snakes e ʻai i ka mea pio i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ko lākou nui poʻo. ʻO ko lākou ʻano ʻāwae kūʻokoʻa e hiki ai iā lākou ke kikoo a hoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou mau ʻāʻī, e hiki ai iā lākou ke moni i kā lākou mea pio. Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka nahesa, e hūnā i nā enzyme ikaika e wāwahi i ka mea pio. He mau lā ka lōʻihi o ka ʻai ʻana, a i ia manawa e hoʻomaha ai ka nahesa a mālama i ka ikehu.

ʻO ke kūlana mālama a me nā hoʻoweliweli i alo ʻia e nā nahesa ʻiole ʻeleʻele

ʻO ke kūlana hoʻomalu o Black Rat Snakes i kēia manawa he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia, no ka mea, paʻa ko lākou heluna kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nalo ʻana o ka noho ʻana, ka ʻāpana, a me ka make ʻana o ke alanui he mea hoʻoweliweli ko lākou ola. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pepehi kanaka ʻole ma muli o ka makaʻu a i ʻole ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana e kōkua i ko lākou emi ʻana ma kekahi mau wahi. Pono e hoʻoikaika i ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou mau wahi noho a me ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ka lehulehu e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o kēia mau nahesa i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike kaiaola.