Mary Allen
Sunan ta ya riga ya ba da yadda yake kama da: ƙwarƙwarar rawaya mai launin rawaya tana da ciki mai launin rawaya mai haske tare da baƙar fata.
halaye
Menene ƙwanƙwasa masu launin rawaya yayi kama?
Toad mai launin rawaya yana ba da mamaki: Daga sama tana da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, baƙar fata, ko launin yumbu, kuma akwai warts a fata. Wannan yana sanya shi da kyau a kama shi cikin ruwa da laka. A gefe guda kuma, a gefen ciki da kuma ta ƙasa na gaba da na baya yana haskaka lemun tsami ko orange-yellow kuma an yi shi da launin shudi-launin toka.
Kamar duk masu amphibians, toad mai launin rawaya yana zubar da fata daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Bambance-bambancen launi daban-daban - ko launin ruwan kasa, launin toka, ko baƙar fata - sun dogara da inda ƙwanƙarar rawaya-ƙara ke rayuwa. Don haka sun bambanta daga yanki zuwa yanki. Toads sun yi kama da toads, aƙalla idan an duba su daga sama amma sun ɗan ƙanƙanta kuma jikinsu yana da kyau.
Tsawonsa mai launin rawaya ya kai santimita huɗu zuwa biyar kawai. Suna cikin masu gadi da masu amphibians, amma ba kwadi ko kwadi ba. Suna kafa iyali nasu, dangi masu harshe. Ana kiran shi ne saboda waɗannan dabbobin suna da harsuna masu siffar diski. Sabanin harshen kwadi, harshen faifan toad ba ya fita daga bakinsa don kama ganima.
Bugu da kari, ba kamar kwadi da toads ba, mazan da ba su da jakar murya. A lokacin jima'i, maza suna samun baƙar fata a goshinsu; abin da ake kira rutting calluses yana samuwa akan yatsu da yatsun kafa. Almajiran suna da ban mamaki: suna da sifar zuciya.
A ina ake zama ƙwanƙwasa masu launin rawaya?
Ƙwayoyin rawaya masu launin rawaya suna zaune a tsakiyar Turai da kudancin Turai a tsayin mita 200 zuwa 1800. A kudancin ana samun su a Italiya da Faransa har zuwa Pyrenees a kan iyakar Spain, ba a samun su a Spain. Tsaunukan Weserbergland da Harz a Jamus sune iyakokin arewa na rarrabawa. A arewa da gabas, toad ɗin da ke da alaƙa da wuta yana faruwa a wurinsa.
Toads suna buƙatar wuraren tafki marasa zurfi, masu faɗin rana don rayuwa. Suna son shi mafi kyau idan waɗannan ƙananan ruwa suna kusa da daji. Amma kuma suna iya samun gida a cikin ramukan tsakuwa. Kuma ko da waƙar taya cike da ruwa ya ishe su tsira. Ba sa son tafkunan da tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa da yawa. Idan tafki ya yi girma, toads suna sake ƙaura. Domin ƙwanƙwasa masu launin rawaya suna ƙaura daga jikin ruwa zuwa jikin ruwa, galibi suna cikin dabbobin farko da suka mamaye sabon ƙaramin tafki. Saboda irin waɗannan ƙananan jikunan ruwa suna ƙara zama da wuya a nan, akwai kuma ƙananan kututture masu launin rawaya.
Wadanne nau'in toad masu launin rawaya ne akwai?
Toad ɗin da ke cikin wuta (Bombina bombina) yana da alaƙa. Bayansu ma duhu ne, amma cikin nasu yana da haske mai haske-orange-ja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-jaja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja------------------------)*------------------------******** _kananan kuma ɗigo-farare. Duk da haka, tana rayuwa gabas da arewa fiye da toad mai launin rawaya kuma ba a samun shi a wurare guda. Ba kamar toad mai launin rawaya ba, tana da jakar murya. Matsakaicin nau'ikan nau'ikan biyu sun zo ne kawai daga tsakiyar Jamus zuwa Romania. Ƙwayoyin rawaya da masu wuta suna iya haɗuwa a nan kuma su haifi 'ya'ya tare.
Shekara nawa ake samun toads masu launin rawaya?
Ƙwayoyin rawaya masu launin rawaya ba su wuce shekaru takwas ba a cikin daji. Ba kamar ƙwai ba, waɗanda ke shiga cikin ruwa kawai don haifuwa, toads suna rayuwa kusan a cikin tafkuna da ƙananan tafkuna daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Suna yin rana kuma yawanci suna ratayewa da kafafun bayansu, idanu, da hanci bisa ruwa, a cikin tafkunansu na hasken rana. Wannan ya dubi kyawawan annashuwa da na yau da kullun.
Ƙwayoyin rawaya-ƙara yawanci ba sa zama a cikin ruwa ɗaya, amma suna yin ƙaura tsakanin tafkuna daban-daban. Dabbobin matasa, musamman, masu tafiya ne na gaske: suna tafiya har zuwa mita 3000 don nemo wurin zama mai dacewa. Manyan dabbobi kuwa, da kyar suke tafiya sama da mita 60 ko 100 zuwa ramin ruwa mafi kusa. Halin da ake yi ga haɗari shine na hali na toad mai launin rawaya: shine abin da ake kira matsayi na tsoro.
Toad yana kwance babu motsi a cikinsa kuma yana lanƙwasa ƙafafuwansa na gaba da baya zuwa sama ta yadda launin launi ya bayyana. Wani lokacin ma takan kwanta a bayanta tana nuna cikinta rawaya da baki. Wannan canza launin ya kamata ya gargadi abokan gaba kuma ya nisantar da su saboda kullun suna ɓoye wani asiri mai guba wanda ke fusatar da mucous membranes idan akwai haɗari.
A cikin hunturu, toads masu launin rawaya suna ɓoye a cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin duwatsu ko tushen. A can suna tsira daga lokacin sanyi daga ƙarshen Satumba zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu.
Abokai da abokan gaba na toad mai launin rawaya
Sabbi, macizai, da tsutsa na mazari suna son kai hari ga zuriyar toads masu launin rawaya kuma su ci tadpoles. Har ila yau, kifi yana da sha'awar tadpoles. Saboda haka, toads na iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa kawai ba tare da kifi ba. Macijin ciyawa da sabbi suna da haɗari musamman ga manya
Ta yaya toads masu launin rawaya suke haifuwa?
Lokacin mating na toads masu launin rawaya yana daga ƙarshen Afrilu da farkon Mayu zuwa tsakiyar Yuli. A wannan lokacin, matan suna yin ƙwai sau da yawa. Maza masu launin rawaya suna zaune a cikin tafkunansu kuma suna ƙoƙarin jawo hankalin mata waɗanda ke shirye su yi hulɗa da kiran su. A lokaci guda kuma, suna hana wasu mazan da annabce-annabcensu na halaka, suna cewa: Ku dakata, wannan yanki na ne.
Lokacin saduwa, mazan suna riƙe mata da kyau. Matan sai su ajiye ƙwai a cikin ƙananan fakiti zagaye. Fakitin ƙwai - kowanne yana ɗauke da ƙwai kusan 100 - ko dai an manne su a gindin tsire-tsire na ruwa ta mace ko kuma a nutse a ƙasan ruwa.
Tadpoles suna ƙyanƙyashe daga gare su bayan kwana takwas. Suna da girma da mamaki, suna auna inci ɗaya da rabi lokacin da suke ƙyanƙyashe kuma suna girma har zuwa inci biyu idan sun girma. Suna da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa kuma suna da tabo masu duhu. A ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau, za su iya haɓaka zuwa ƙananan ƙwanƙwasa a cikin wata guda. Wannan ci gaba mai sauri yana da mahimmanci saboda ƙwanƙwasa suna rayuwa a cikin ƙananan ruwa waɗanda zasu iya bushewa a lokacin rani. Sai kawai lokacin da tadpoles suka girma zuwa ƙananan ƙwanƙwasa a lokacin za su iya ƙaura zuwa ƙasa su nemi sabon ruwa a matsayin gida.