Mary Allen
Gabatarwa: Mahimman Jumlar “Gashin Kare”
"Gashin kare" jumla ce mai ban sha'awa da aka yi amfani da ita tsawon ƙarni, musamman dangane da shan barasa. Sau da yawa ana danganta wannan magana da magani mai raɗaɗi, amma asalinta da ma'anarta sun ɓoye a ɓoye. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika ra'ayoyi daban-daban da imani da ke kewaye da kalmar "gashin kare," da kuma gano tarihinta ta hanyar al'adu da lokuta daban-daban.
Tsohuwar Imani akan Maganin Hangover
Tunanin yin amfani da barasa don warkar da ciwon kai ba sabon abu bane. A gaskiya ma, ya samo asali ne daga wayewar zamani kamar Helenawa da Romawa, waɗanda suka yi imani da ikon warkarwa na barasa. Sau da yawa suna shan barasa da safe bayan an sha ruwa mai yawa, kamar yadda suka yi imani zai iya taimakawa wajen rage alamun su. Koyaya, wannan al'ada ba ta iyakance ga barasa kaɗai ba. An yi amfani da magunguna daban-daban kamar ganyaye, kayan yaji, har ma da sassan dabbobi don magance buguwa a zamanin da.
Rukunan Sa hannu
Wata ka'idar da ta bayyana asalin "gashin kare" ita ce Rukunan Sa hannu. Wannan ka'idar, wacce aka shahara a tsakiyar zamanai, ta bayyana cewa bayyanar shuka ko dabba na iya nuna alamunta na magani. Alal misali, an yi imanin shuka mai furanni rawaya yana warkar da jaundice saboda launin rawaya yana hade da hanta, wanda cutar ta shafa. A cikin yanayin "gashin kare," an yi imanin cewa kalmar tana nufin al'adar yin amfani da gashi daga kare wanda ya ciji wani a matsayin magani ga rabies. Wannan ya dogara ne akan imanin cewa gashi yana ƙunshe da wasu kayan warkarwa na kare.
Ka'idar Canja wurin
Wata ka'idar da ke bayyana asalin "gashin kare" shine Ka'idar Canjawa. Wannan ka'idar ta nuna cewa kalmar ta fito ne daga ra'ayin cewa ƙaramin adadin barasa zai iya warkar da ciwon kai saboda yana canza alamun daga jiki zuwa hankali. A wasu kalmomi, barasa na ɗan lokaci yana rage zafi da rashin jin daɗi da ke tattare da ragi ta hanyar canja shi zuwa hankali, yana barin jiki ya dawo.
Tarihin Medieval da Renaissance Folklore
A cikin al'adun gargajiya na zamani da na Renaissance, ana amfani da "gashin kare" a matsayin maganin sihiri don cututtuka iri-iri, ciki har da ragi. An yi imanin cewa shan maganin da aka yi daga gashin kare na iya warkar da kowane irin cututtuka da raunuka, ciki har da karyewar kasusuwa da cizon maciji. Sai dai kuma wannan al’ada tana da alaka da tsafe-tsafe da tsafe-tsafe, kuma an tsananta wa mutane da dama saboda amfani da su.
Rubutun Farko na "Gashi na Kare"
Rubutun farko na kalmar “gashin kare” ya fito ne daga wani littafi na 1546 na John Heywood mai suna “A dialogue conteinying the nomber in effect of all prouerbes in Englishe language.” A cikin littafin, Heywood ya rubuta, "Ina roƙonka ka bar ni da ɗan'uwana su sami gashin kare da ya ciji mu a daren jiya." Wannan yana nuna cewa an riga an yi amfani da kalmar a ƙarni na 16, kuma wataƙila magana ce gama gari a lokacin.
Jumlar a cikin Ayyukan Shakespeare
Kalmar "gashin kare" kuma ya bayyana a yawancin ayyukan Shakespeare, ciki har da "The Tempest" da "Antony da Cleopatra." A cikin "The Tempest," halin Trinculo ya ce, "Na kasance a cikin irin wannan abincin tsami tun lokacin da na gan ka a karshe cewa, ina jin tsorona, ba zai taba fita daga ƙasusuwana ba. Zan yi wa kaina dariya har in mutu a kan wannan dodo mai kai. Wani dodo da ya fi scurvy! Zan iya samu a cikin zuciyata in doke shi – wanda abokinsa, Stephano, ya amsa, “Zo, sumba.” Sai Trinculo ya ce, “Amma cewa dodo na sha. dodo mai banƙyama!” Stephano ya amsa, “Zan nuna maka mafi kyawun maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Zan kwashe maka berries.” An yi imanin cewa wannan musayar tana nufin al'adar yin amfani da barasa don magance ciwon daji.
Jumlar Al'adun Shaye-shaye a Turanci
A cikin al'adun sha na Ingilishi, ana amfani da "gashin kare" a matsayin hanyar da ake nufi da shan barasa da safe don magance damuwa. Hakanan ana amfani da shi sosai don yin nuni ga kowane yanayi inda mutum ke amfani da ɗan ƙaramin abu don magance babbar matsala.
Jumlar Al'adun Shayar Amurka
A al'adar shan giya na Amurka, "gashin kare" yana da ma'ana iri ɗaya, amma kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar da za ta ba da uzuri fiye da sha. Lokacin da wani ya ce suna buƙatar "gashin kare," ana iya fassara shi azaman hanyar cewa suna buƙatar ci gaba da sha don guje wa mummunan tasirin ragi.
Jumlar A cikin Shahararrun Al'adu
An yi amfani da kalmar "gashin kare" a cikin wasu sanannun al'adun gargajiya, ciki har da waƙoƙi kamar "Gashin Kare" na Nazarat da "Gashin Dogma" na The Dead Kennedys. An kuma yi amfani da shi a shirye-shiryen TV kamar "Ofishin" da "Cheers," da kuma a cikin fina-finai kamar "Withnail da I" da "Lock, Stock da Biyu Shan Sigari."
Jumlar a Wasu Harsuna
An fassara kalmar "gashin kare" zuwa wasu harsuna daban-daban, ciki har da "pelo del perro" a cikin Mutanen Espanya, "cheveux du chien" a cikin Faransanci, da "capello di cane" a Italiyanci. Waɗannan fassarorin duk suna magana ne akan ainihin ra'ayi ɗaya na amfani da ɗan ƙaramin abu don magance babbar matsala.
Kammalawa: Binciken Tarihin "Gashin Kare"
Kalmar nan "gashin kare" yana da dogon tarihi mai ban sha'awa, tare da tushen akidar daɗaɗɗen ra'ayi game da maganin ragi, na zamanin da da na Renaissance, da al'adun sha na zamani. Duk da cewa ainihin asalin kalmar har yanzu batu ne na muhawara, a bayyane yake cewa an yi amfani da shi tsawon shekaru aru-aru a matsayin hanyar yin amfani da dan kadan na barasa don magance damuwa. Ko kun yi imani da kayan sihirinsa ko a'a, "gashin kare" ya kasance sanannen magana da wataƙila za a yi amfani da shi tsawon shekaru masu zuwa.