Mary Allen
A cikin sha'awar kifin aquarium, komai ya dogara da ƙimar ruwa a cikin tanki. Idan sun dace da mazaunan tafkin, komai zai bunƙasa, amma idan darajar ta fita daga ma'auni, dukan tsarin yana barazanar juyawa. Anan zaka iya gano waɗanne dabi'u ke buƙatar bambanta da yadda za a kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin kulawa.
Ruwa Ba Kullum Ruwa bane
A cikin yanayi, akwai ɗimbin wuraren zama waɗanda halittun ƙarƙashin ruwa ke cavort. Daga bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci irin su ruwan teku ko ruwa mai tsabta, mutum zai iya yin ƙananan matakai, misali tare da rarraba zuwa "reef", "bude ruwa" da "ruwa mai laushi"; a yanayin ruwa mai dadi, mutum ya ci karo da nau'ikan nau'ikan kamar "ruwa maras kyau" ko "ruwa mai gudana tare da igiyoyi masu karfi". A cikin duk waɗannan wuraren zama, ruwa yana da ƙayyadaddun dabi'u, waɗanda suka dogara da abubuwa kamar tasirin yanayi, abubuwan da suka ƙunshi, da gurɓataccen yanayi da na ƙwayoyin cuta.
Case na Musamman: Ƙimar Ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Idan muka kalli duniya a cikin akwatin kifaye, duk abin ya zama na musamman. Ya bambanta da yanayi, basin shine tsarin rufewa, wanda ba shi da tasiri ta hanyar muhalli da yanayin yanayi; Bayan haka, tafkin yana cikin gidan kuma ba a fallasa shi da iska da yanayi. Wani ma'ana shine ƙaramin adadin ruwa: Saboda ƙaramin ƙarar ruwa, ƙananan kurakurai, tasiri ko canje-canje suna shafar ƙimar ruwa da ƙarfi fiye da yadda lamarin zai kasance, alal misali, a cikin tafkin 300m² - balle a buɗe. teku.
Yana da mahimmanci tun farkon ka zaɓi safa na akwatin kifaye don kifi da tsire-tsire su sami buƙatu iri ɗaya akan muhallinsu. Ba ya aiki don biyan buƙatu daban-daban. Idan kuna da zaɓi na mazaunan tafkin da ke da yanayi iri ɗaya, yana da mahimmanci don kafa daidaitattun ƙimar ruwa kafin farawa. Ba mahimmanci ba ne don kwafi samfurin nau'in ruwa 100%. Wannan ba zai yiwu ba a cikin akwatin kifaye na al'ada, kuma yawancin mazaunan za su iya zama 'ya'ya waɗanda ba su girma a cikin mazaunin halitta ba. Manufar da aka ayyana ita ce mafi girma don samun tsayayyen ƙimar ruwa waɗanda suka dace da bukatun kifaye da shuke-shuke domin an kafa ma'auni mai kyau na nazarin halittu a cikin tanki a cikin dogon lokaci.
Manyan Darajojin Ruwa 7 Mafi Muhimmanci
Nitrate (NO3)
A cikin aikin karye matattun ganyen shuka ko najasar kifin, alal misali, ammonium (NH4) da ammonia (NH3) ana samar da su a cikin akwatin kifaye. Ammoniya yana da guba sosai. An yi sa'a, akwai ƙungiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu waɗanda sannu a hankali ke daidaita waɗannan abubuwan. Ƙungiya ta farko ta juya su zuwa nitrite mai guba (NO2). Kashi na biyu kuma suna amfani da nitrite kuma suna juya shi zuwa nitrate mara lahani (NO2). Nitrate a cikin adadin har zuwa 3 mg / l ya zama ruwan dare a cikin tsayayyen akwatin kifaye kuma baya cutar da kifin ku. Kuma yana da amfani ga ci gaban shuke-shuken ku: Yana ba su da yawa nitrogen, wanda suke bukata sosai. Amma a kula: yawan abubuwan da suka yi yawa na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri. Wannan ba kasafai yake faruwa ba, amma yakamata ku sanya ido akan wannan darajar don kasancewa a gefen amintaccen.
Nitrite (NO2)
Nitrite (NO2) na iya zama da sauri ya zama barazanar rayuwa ga kifin ku da sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Don haka bai kamata a iya gano shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da daidaitattun gwajin ruwa ba. Idan hakan ya faru, kuna buƙatar bincika akwatin kifayen ku da sauri don ruɓaɓɓen aibobi. Tsire-tsire masu mutuwa da matattun kifi a cikin tafkin suna da mummunan tasiri akan ingancin ruwa. Cire su kuma aiwatar da babban canji na ruwa (kimanin 80%). Kada ku ci abinci na kwanaki 3 masu zuwa kuma ya kamata ku canza ruwa 10% kullum. Bayan mishap, duba ƙimar ruwa aƙalla sau ɗaya a rana don akalla kwanaki 7. Maɗaukakin safa mai yawa yana wakiltar haɗarin haɓakar nitrite.
Akwai lokaci guda kawai lokacin da aka ba da izinin karuwa a cikin nitrite a cikin ruwa kuma ana so: lokacin gudu. Ƙimar ta tashi da sauri cikin ƴan kwanaki sannan ta sake faɗuwa. Anan daya yayi magana akan "kololuwar nitrite". Idan nitrite ba a iya gano shi ba, kifi zai iya motsawa cikin tanki.
Darajar PH
Ɗaya daga cikin ƙimar da ake samu akai-akai a waje da sha'awar kifin aquarium shine ƙimar pH. Wannan yana bayyana matakin acidity da ke mamaye kowane jikin ruwa. Ana nuna shi akan sikelin da ke fitowa daga acidic (pH 0- <7) zuwa asali (pH> 7-14). Matsakaicin tsaka tsaki yana a darajar pH na 7. A cikin akwatin kifaye (dangane da adadin kifaye da tsire-tsire), dabi'u a kusa da wannan batu tsakanin 6 da 8 yawanci suna da kyau. Sama da duka, yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙimar pH ta kasance koyaushe. Idan ya canza, mazauna tafkin suna amsawa sosai kuma suna shiga cikin damuwa. Don hana wannan, yakamata ku duba wannan ƙimar sau ɗaya a mako. Ba zato ba tsammani, daidaitaccen taurin carbonate na iya taimakawa a nan.
Jimlar taurin (GH)
Jimlar taurin (GH) yana nuna abun ciki na narkar da gishiri a cikin ruwa - musamman ma calcium da magnesium. Idan wannan abun yana da yawa, an ce ruwan yana da wuya; idan yana ƙasa, ruwan yana da laushi. Ana ba da jimlar taurin a cikin ° dH (= digiri na taurin Jamus). Yana da mahimmanci ga duk tsarin kwayoyin halitta a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma ya kamata a kula da shi sosai idan kuna son kiwo. Kama da ƙimar pH, yana da mahimmanci a nan cewa GH yana daidaitawa tare da kifi.
Taurin Carbonate (KH)
Akwai kuma wani "ƙimar taurin" a cikin akwatin kifaye: Taurin carbonate (KH) yana nuna abun ciki na hydrogen carbonate da aka narkar da cikin ruwa. An riga an ambaci wannan ƙimar don ƙimar pH saboda KH tana aiki azaman ma'auni don ita. Wannan yana nufin cewa yana daidaita pH kuma yana hana canje-canje daga faruwa da sauri. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa taurin carbonate ba ƙima ba ce. Yana da tasiri ta hanyoyin nazarin halittu da ke faruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Bayan haka, mun zo ga carbon dioxide (CO2). Kamar dai mu mutane, kifi yana cinye iskar oxygen lokacin numfashi kuma yana ba da carbon dioxide a matsayin samfurin rayuwa - a cikin akwatin kifaye wannan yana shiga cikin ruwa kai tsaye. Yana kama da tsire-tsire, ta hanyar: suna cinye CO2 a rana kuma suna samar da iskar oxygen mai amfani daga gare ta, amma da dare wannan tsari yana juyawa kuma su ma sun zama masu samar da carbon dioxide. Ƙimar CO2 - kamar ƙimar pH - dole ne a kula da shi akai-akai, saboda yana iya zama haɗari na gaske ga kifi, a gefe guda, yana da mahimmanci ga tsire-tsire. Don haka dole ne ku bincika gabaɗayan hulɗar CO2, KH, da ƙimar pH akai-akai saboda suna shafar juna: Misali, ƙananan canjin CO2 suna haifar da haɓakar pH mafi mahimmanci, musamman lokacin da KH yayi ƙasa.
Oxygen (O2)
Oxygen (O2) tabbas shine mafi mahimmanci (mahimmanci) darajar a cikin akwatin kifaye, domin idan ba tare da shi ba, kifi ko tsire-tsire ko kwayoyin cuta masu amfani, waɗanda ke kawar da ruwa daga gurɓataccen abu, ba za su iya rayuwa ba. Oxygen yana shiga cikin ruwan tafkin da farko ta hanyar tsire-tsire (lokacin rana), saman ruwa, da ƙarin fasaha irin su aerators da duwatsun iska.
Amfani da Kayayyakin Kula da Ruwa
Yanzu da muka yi ɗan taƙaitaccen bayani game da mafi mahimmancin ƙimar ruwa, za mu so mu ɗan yi bayanin yadda waɗannan dabi'u za su iya daidaitawa da kuma gyara su ta hanyar da ta dace: wato tare da masu gyarawa da masu sanyaya ruwa. Misali, idan ka kalli kewayon kula da ruwa a cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi, akwai wasu magunguna ga kowane darajar ruwa da yakamata ya dawo da ita zuwa ƙimar da ta dace. Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa za su iya taimakawa kawai zuwa wani nau'i: idan, alal misali, dangantaka tsakanin girman tanki da kifin kifi ba daidai ba ne, ko da mafi kyawun kwandishan ruwa ba zai iya ba da gudummawa ga ma'auni na nazarin halittu a cikin dogon lokaci.
Wato ba a ce masu gyara gyara da na'urorin ruwa ba kayan aiki masu amfani ba ne: kawai suna buƙatar amfani da su tare da kulawa. Don haka, a matsayin mafari a cikin sha'awar kifin kifaye, yakamata ku fara tuntuɓar batun ƙimar ruwa kafin ku yi jujjuya tare da na'urori daban-daban na ruwa daga baya don samun ingantattun ƙimar ruwa.