reindeer

Reindeer yana da siffa ta musamman: matan waɗannan barewa daga yankunan arewacin duniya kuma suna da tururuwa masu ƙarfi.

halaye

Menene kamannin barewa?

Reindeer na cikin dangin barewa ne kuma ya zama dangin reindeer. Tsawon su ya kai santimita 130 zuwa 220. Tsayin kafada shine santimita 80 zuwa 150. Suna auna tsakanin kilo 60 zuwa 315. Maza yawanci sun fi na mata girma da nauyi.

Kawukansu da kututtunsu suna da tsayi sosai, kuma kafafunsu suna da tsayi. Gajeren wutsiya, kofato mai faɗi. Sabanin duk sauran barewa, macen dawa ma tana da tururuwa. Maza suna zubar da tururuwa a cikin bazara, mata kuma a cikin bazara. Sai tururuwa su sake girma a cikin su biyun.

Sandunan sun ɗan daidaita. Suna da haske a launi kuma an gina su da asymmetrically. Wannan yana bambanta tururuwa da tururuwa daga duk sauran barewa. Gabaɗaya, tururuwa suna da ƙarfi sosai dangane da girman dabbobi. Maza suna da jakar makogwaro a wuyansu wanda ke aiki azaman ƙara sauti. Tsirrai na Arewacin Amurka da Greenlandic suna da dogon maniyyi fari fari a gefen wuyansu. Reindeer suna da kauri mai kauri wanda ya bambanta da launi a lokacin rani da hunturu.

Ina barewa suke zama?

Reindeer yana zaune a mafi yawan yankuna na Asiya, Turai, da Arewacin Amurka. A can suna zaune a yankunan polar da subpolar.

Ana iya samun reindeer a tundra da taiga, watau a yankunan dazuzzukan arewa.

Wadanne nau'ikan barewa ne akwai?

Akwai nau'ikan barewa kusan 20 daban-daban, amma duk sun yi kama da juna. Waɗannan sun haɗa da barewa na arewacin Turai, Svalbard reindeer, tundra reindeer, yammacin daji reindeer ko caribou, da caribou bakarare.

Dukkansu sun bambanta da girmansu: abin da ake kira dajin daji, wanda galibi ke zaune a cikin dajin, yawanci ya fi girma fiye da reindeer tundra, wanda galibi ke zaune a tundra. Yawancin lokaci suna da gashin gashi mai duhu kuma. Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan sun taso saboda reindeer suna rayuwa a cikin babban kewayon. Sun dace da yanayin muhalli na musamman na musamman.

Baya ga garken dawa da Sami ke da shi, arewacin Turai har yanzu yana da namun daji: ana iya samun garken dawa mafi girma a Turai akan abin da ake kira Hardangervidda, wani tudu a kudancin Norway. Wannan garken ya kai kusan dabbobi 10,000. In ba haka ba, barewa na daji ba su da yawa a Turai.

Shekara nawa barewa suke samu?

Reindeer yana rayuwa matsakaicin shekaru 12 zuwa 15. Duk da haka, wasu dabbobin sun kai shekaru 20 ko kuma suna rayuwa fiye da haka.

Kasancewa

Ta yaya barewa suke rayuwa?

Reindeer yana zaune a cikin manyan garken dabbobi, wanda zai iya ƙidaya ƴan ɗaruruwan dabbobi - a cikin matsanancin yanayi har zuwa dabbobi 40,000 a Kanada. Domin suna rayuwa a yanayin da ake da dusar ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara na tsawon watanni, dole ne su yi ƙaura da yawa a cikin shekara don samun isasshen abinci.

Wani lokaci sukan yi nisa har zuwa kilomita 1000 sannan kuma su ke haye manyan koguna domin barewa suma masu ninkaya ne. Kowane garken shugaba ne yake jagoranta.

Amma akwai wani dalili mai mahimmanci na waɗannan ƙaura: A lokacin rani, akwai biliyoyin sauro a cikin mahaifar barewa, musamman a wuraren da ke da ɗanɗano, ƙananan wurare, waɗanda ke azabtar da barewa. Barewa na guje wa waɗannan kwari ta hanyar ƙaura zuwa yankuna masu tsaunuka a lokacin rani, inda babu sauro kaɗan.

Domin jure tsananin sanyi na lokacin sanyi na Nordic, reindeer yana da fursunoni da yawa fiye da sauran barewa: Sau uku yawan gashi yana girma akan santimita murabba'in fata kamar na barewa. Bugu da ƙari, gashi yana da rami kuma ya cika da iska. Jawo yana samar da cikakken rufin rufi. Yawanci garke na barewa shine ƙarar hayaniyar da jijiyoyi ke yi a idon sawu yayin da suke tafiya.

Reindeer na iya yada kofatonsu a fadi. Bugu da ƙari, akwai matakai tsakanin yatsun kafa. Ta wannan hanyar dabbobin da kyar suke nutsewa kuma suna iya tafiya da kyau a cikin dusar ƙanƙara ko cikin ƙasa mai laushi. Maza ne ke amfani da tururuwa wajen gudanar da fadace-fadace a lokacin da suke fafatawa da mata a lokacin saduwar aure. Ba a san dalilin da ya sa matan ma suke da tururuwa ba.

Reindeer shine rayuwar Sami na arewacin Scandinavia da sauran mutane da yawa na arewacin Asiya da Arewacin Amurka. Alal misali, Sami, suna ajiye manyan garken barewa kuma suna yawo a kan tsaunuka da dazuzzukan arewacin Sweden, arewacin Norway, da Finland tare da waɗannan garkunan. Suna rayuwa akan naman waɗannan dabbobi. A zamanin da, sun yi amfani da fatun wajen yin tanti da tufafi. Ana kuma amfani da dabbobin a matsayin fakiti da dabbobi.

A yau, ana yawan ganin garken da jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu kuma wasu tsirarun makiyayan da suka rage suna kora su zuwa ƙananan yankuna. Ba kamar caribou na Arewacin Amirka ba, barewa na arewacin Turai ba su da kyau kuma suna amfani da su ga mutane.

A gare mu, barewa suna da alaƙa da tunanin Kirsimeti: Ana ɗaukar su daftarin dabbobin Santa Clause's sleigh.

Abokai da abokan gaba na barewa

Wolves da sauran mafarauta irin su wolverines, foxes, lynxes, da tsuntsayen ganima na iya zama haɗari musamman ga matasa, marasa lafiya, ko tsofaffin barewa. Amma babban abokin gaba shi ne mutum, wanda ya farauto wadannan dabbobi da yawa, musamman a Arewacin Amurka.

Ta yaya barewa suke kiwo?

Dangane da yankin, lokacin rutting yana daga Agusta zuwa farkon Nuwamba. Sa'an nan kuma mazan barewa sun yi yaƙi da kishiyoyinsu kuma suna ƙoƙari su ci nasara da yawa mata.

Yawancin lokaci ana haihuwar matashi daga kwanaki 192 zuwa 246 bayan saduwa, a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Da wuya akwai matasa biyu. A baya an haifi ɗan maraƙi, mafi kyawun zai iya bunƙasa: sannan yana da ƙarin lokacin girma da girma da ƙarfi har zuwa farkon hunturu. Dabbobin suna balaga cikin jima'i a kusan shekara ɗaya da rabi.

Ta yaya barewa suke sadarwa?

A lokacin rutting, barewa na miji suna yin sauti daga gabobin jiki zuwa gunaguni.

care

Me barewa ke ci?

Abincin barewa ba shi da yawa: galibi suna cin gansakuka na reindeer, wanda har yanzu ke tsirowa a ƙasa da duwatsun yankunan polar ko da a cikin yanayi mafi sanyi. Barewa na tono waɗannan ƴaƴan ledoji da kofatonsu, har ma daga zurfafan dusar ƙanƙara. Suna kuma cin sauran ciyayi, ciyawa, da ciyayi. Wannan abincin mai wuyar narkewa da farko ana taunawa ne kawai. Daga baya, dabbobin suna sake cin abinci kuma suna tauna shi - kama da shanu.