Tattauna Kifi A Cikin Kifin Kifi: Nasiha Kan Rike Su

Wafer-bakin ciki, amma launuka masu kyau, kifin discus ya zo tare kuma suna cin nasara da yawa aquariums da zukatan masu su a wannan ƙasa. Kifayen suna da ban sha'awa musamman saboda kunkuntar tsarinsu na tsaye, amma ma fiye da haka saboda sautunan launi iri-iri, alamu, abubuwan ban sha'awa da haske. Su ne ainihin mai daukar ido a kowane tafkin, amma ba sauki don kulawa ba. Yawancin kifin discus na ƙarni na farko ne kuma ana kama su da yawa ko kaɗan. Don samun gindin zama - ko kuma fin - a cikin kifaye, sha'awar kiyaye waɗannan kifaye ya ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga ci gaba da ci gaban tacewar kifaye, tsarin kula da ruwa da kuma samar da abincin kifi. A halin yanzu, an sami nasarar haifar da zuriya masu nasara a wurare da yawa, wasu suna da kyawawan sunaye irin su Marlboro Red, Mafarkin Tangerine ko Jinin Tattabara. Godiya ga irin wannan gogaggun aquarists, akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da adana kifin discus waɗanda yawancin masu son kifin ba su taɓa ji ba. Duban rayuwa da aikin kifin discus koyaushe yana da fa'ida.

Tattauna kifi a hoto

Abubuwan da suka faru na kifin discus za a iya sanya su a fili ga Amazon. Ana lura da kifin daga Peru zuwa yankin Amazon na Brazil, inda kogin ya hadu da Tekun Atlantika. Da kuma farauta, ta hanyar. Su ne tushen furotin mai mahimmanci ga 'yan asalin Amazonia, amma sama da duk wani muhimmin tushen samun kudin shiga ga sauran mazaunan, tun da ana iya siyar da su azaman kayan fitarwa na waje don aquarists.

Dangane da yankin Amazon mai girman gaske, kifin discus yana fitowa a wasu bambance-bambancen launi da nau'ikan nau'ikan a wurare da yawa. Lokacin bushewa da damina sakamakon yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi akai-akai yana haifar da tafkuna kamar tsibiri wanda yawan jama'a ke haɓaka ba tare da wasu takamaiman takamaiman abubuwan ba. Don haka kifin ya kasance kuma an kwatanta su kuma an rarraba su daban.

PROFILE - Tattauna kifi

Kifin discus da nau'ikansa koyaushe ana muhawara sosai. Wasu abubuwan lura suna shakka, wasu kuma ba za a iya bambanta su da isasshen ilimin kimiyya ba. Misali, ba za a iya bambanta ma'auni na fin haskoki, vertebrae da sikelin lambobi. Duk da haka, wasu halaye sun shafi duk sanannun nau'in. Gabaɗaya, ana iya siffanta kifin discus kamar haka:

tsarin tsarin

• Sunan kimiyya: Symphysodon
• Iyali: Cichlids (Cichlinae)
• Genus: kifin ruwa
• Asalin: Tsarin kogin Amazon a cikin wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka

Kama

• matsananciyar kunkuntar, jiki mai goyan baya
• gajere, zagaye na dorsal da tsuliya
• m pectoral fins
• ƙoƙon ƙwanƙwasa mai nuni
• dogon bayanin goshi mai ɗan gajeren hanci, ƙaramin baki da leɓuna masu yawan gaske
• Ƙunƙarar ratsan tsaye a tsaye a kan idanu, ƙarin ratsin ratsi sun bazu a jiki
• Rage haƙoran haƙora na kashi na pharyngeal, hakora masu nuni guda ɗaya a symphysis
• Girman jiki: 12-16 cm a cikin daji, har zuwa 20 cm a cikin akwatin kifaye

Lafiyar qasa

• yanayin zafi na ruwa (29-34 ° C)
• pH acidic (4-6.5)
• ingancin ruwa mai laushi
• ruwa mai tsafta sosai, wanda ba shi da narkar da ma'adanai da abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta
• Bankunan da ke da tsayi da filayen ambaliya tare da zurfin ruwa na akalla 1.5 m

Gina Jiki

• zooplankton
• tsutsa kwari
• bristleworms
• kananan shrimp ruwan sha
• ruɓaɓɓen tarkacen shuka

Hanyar rayuwa

• Tattauna kifin suna rayuwa a cikin ƙungiyoyin jama'a (makarantu) kuma suna samar da nau'i-nau'i
• Balagawar jima'i: daga watanni 7 - 12
• Ƙaddamar Jima'i: A cikin mace, oviduct yana fitowa a lokacin jima'i
• Mating yana faruwa tare da isassun abinci tare da jatan lande
• Spawn: kusan ƙwai 300, daga cikinsa larvae ke ƙyanƙyashe bayan kwanaki 2.5 kuma su samar da gungu a wurin zubarwa har sai sun iya yin iyo cikin yardar kaina bayan wasu kwanaki 4.
• Duk iyaye biyu suna kula da brood; Siffa ta musamman: ciyarwar tsutsa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, akan ƙwayoyin fata na babba na iyaye (har zuwa makonni 4)
• matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa: kimanin shekaru 5

Mafi sanannun nau'ikan nau'ikan

Ra'ayoyi sun bambanta sosai akan nau'ikan nau'ikan. Yawancin lokaci 3 zuwa 5 kawai nau'ikan tattaunawa ne kawai aka kwatanta ta hanyar kimiyya. A gaskiya:

• Symphsysodon discus (kuma ainihin discus) tare da layukan igiya da faffadan, bandeji mai duhu a tsaye a bayan rabin jiki da kuma kan ido.
• Symphsysodon aequifasciatus tare da mafi girman adadin ma'auni da ratsan ɗigon 7 zuwa 9 daidai gwargwado, na karshen akan gindin fin caudal.
• Symphsysodon tarzoo kore-bluish launi tare da jajayen tabo a gefuna na jiki da kuma a ƙarshen dubura.
• Symphsysodon haraldi da Symphsysodon sp. 2 yana jawo hankali kaɗan kuma ba a siffanta su da kyau kawai.

Baya ga waɗannan nau'ikan daji, akwai ƙarin bambance-bambance a cikin kiwo na masu kifin ruwa. A nan, a matsayin mai mulkin, kawai launi da nau'i nau'i ne aka bambanta. Koyaya, sunaye aƙalla sun bambanta, kuma sun fi tunawa da dabarun talla fiye da kimiyya na gaske.

Macijin Pidgeon, Abubuwan Al'ajabi na Jamus, Diamonds Blue da Farin Damisa suna cikin aji nasu. Ko da yake dukkansu kifin discus ne, ana ganin darajar kasuwa tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da launin launi da tsari.

Dangane da irin fifikon da masu siye suke da shi, nau'ikan da aka noma suna haifar da ma'ana mai faɗi. Sabili da haka kifin discus ya fi abin al'ajabi fiye da abin mamaki na karkashin ruwa.

Tattauna kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye

Nisa daga Amazon, akwai manyan buƙatun kifin ruwa don kiyaye kifin discus a matsayin nau'in-dace-dace kamar yadda zai yiwu. Ba kome ba ko sun yi kama da labyrinth mai launin ja ko turquoise exotics: lafiyar su yana da rauni sosai kuma ya dogara da dalilai da yawa. Waɗannan sun dogara ne akan yanayin yanayi kuma dole ne a sarrafa su sosai kuma a daidaita su. Ta wannan hanyar ne kawai akwatin kifaye tare da kifin discus zai bunƙasa kuma yana ɗaukar duk masu kallo.

Madaidaicin akwatin kifaye don kifin discus

Tun da dabbobin suna zaune a rukuni, waɗanda ake kira makarantu, ya kamata kuma a ajiye su a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da akalla 4 zuwa 5 samfurori. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar sarari na kusan lita 300 (kimanin 50 - 60 lita kowane kifi). A sakamakon haka, girman tanki, akwatin akwatin akwatin kifaye da kayan aiki ba su da la'akari. Ba tare da ambaton nauyin nauyi ba - don haka yana da mahimmanci koyaushe don bincika ƙididdiga kafin saka kuge na discus a cikin ɗakin!

Yanzu matan suna bayyana jima'i ne kawai a lokacin nunin zawarcinsu kuma saboda haka ba za a iya bambanta su da maza a cikin lokaci mai kyau ba. Don haka dole ne a kula da matasa a ko da yaushe. Kiyaye ma'auratan jinsi ɗaya ba ma'ana ko aiki ga wannan nau'in kifin ba, ajiye su kaɗai ba shi da ma'ana kuma yunƙuri na zamantakewa sau da yawa yakan kasa yin wannan madadin.
Duk wannan dole ne a yi la'akari da lokacin zabar akwatin kifaye mai kyau. Yana da kyau don samar da ɗan ƙaramin sarari fiye da haɗarin yaƙe-yaƙe na turf tare da zuriya a cikin tafkin.

In ba haka ba, ana ɗaukar kifin discus masu zaman lafiya, masu ninkaya masu natsuwa da kuma a tsaye. A wasu kalmomi, suna buƙatar aƙalla zurfin 50 cm, zai fi dacewa fiye da haka.

Amma ga sauran aquariums, kawai wurin da aka karewa ya dace a matsayin wuri, ba kai tsaye kusa da na'ura ba, ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba ko fallasa ga ruwa, kuma idan zai yiwu ba tare da girgizar ƙasa ba. Da zarar duk wannan ya kasance a wurin, ana iya saita akwatin kifaye da saita shi.

Kayan aiki da ƙira

Tabbas, irin wannan babban tafkin yana buƙatar tsarawa da kulawa da kyau. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, tattaunawa ta taru duka a makarantu da bi-biyu, ana yin iyo a tsaye maimakon a kwance don neman abinci, yawanci ana kewaye da wurin da aka matsuguni inda za su iya samun mafaka da sauri da ɓoye daga haɗarin da ake gani.

A wasu kalmomi, kiɗa yana kunna a tsakiyar akwatin kifaye. A sakamakon haka, kayan aiki sun fi dogara ne akan wani abu na tsakiya. Wannan na iya zama ginin da aka yi da duwatsun kifaye wanda ke ba da koguna da yawa, bangon akwatin kifaye da aka riga aka keɓance, ko abubuwan ƙira na musamman kamar jirgin ruwan ɗan fashin teku, fadar ruwa ta ƙarƙashin ruwa ko duk abin da kuke so kuma ba shi da gurɓatacce.

A lokaci guda, tanki dole ne ya ba da sarari don ƙirƙirar ƙasa. Idan ya yi zafi sosai a tsakiya da zaran hormones suna tashin hankali, dole ne a sami isasshen zaɓuɓɓukan ja da baya da ke samuwa a gefuna. Wannan na iya zama a cikin nau'i na tsire-tsire na ruwa, tushen ko nau'in nau'i-nau'i masu dacewa da kayan halitta.

Lokacin dasa shuki, ya kamata a mai da hankali ga nau'ikan tsire-tsire na musamman waɗanda ke jure yanayin yanayi mai zafi na ƙarƙashin ruwa da kyau kuma, idan zai yiwu, ba sa lalacewa ko fitar da abubuwa masu cutarwa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da, alal misali, tsire-tsire na takobi (Echinodorus), ganyen mashi (Anubias), skru na ruwa (Valisneria), kofuna na ruwa (Cryptocorynes) da ferns irin su Mircosorum. Dasa mai yawa yana hana kifin da yawa, don haka yana da kyau a yi sako-sako (dasa). Wasu ƴan tsire-tsire masu iyo da faɗuwar saiwoyin kuma na iya taimakawa wajen sassauta haske, kamar yadda yake a cikin Amazon.

Ana ba da shawarar yashi mai kyau a matsayin bene, galibi ana samun shi azaman yashin akwatin kifaye na musamman. Kamata ya yi ya zama mai laushi mai kyau don kifin ya yi kiwo a cikinsa, amma ya tsaya tsayin daka don tsiro ya samu gindin zama.

Tsire-tsire na wucin gadi kuma sune madadin na kowa don kifin discus. Wannan ba ya tayar da tambayar ingancin ƙasa ko dacewa. Ko da yake kifin ba sa ƙwanƙwasa sassan tsire-tsire masu rai kuma ba sa buƙatar su don abinci mai gina jiki, tare da tsire-tsire na wucin gadi an cire wani muhimmin tace ta halitta. Ana iya rama wannan ta hanyar fasahar tacewa kuma a lokaci guda tsire-tsire na wucin gadi suna ba da inuwa da damar ja da baya kamar na asali. A ƙarshe, duk da haka, da farko zaɓin mutum ɗaya ne na masu shi ke taka rawa - wasu suna son ta haka, wasu kuma haka.

Ingancin ruwa, zafin jiki da haske

Wurin zama na kifin discus kusan ana iya kwatanta shi da maƙiya da rayuwa, ko aƙalla a matsayin rashin abokantaka da rayuwa. Da kyar kowane ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ke yaɗuwa a cikin yanayin acidic. A zahiri, kifin discus bai damu da ƙimar pH acidic fiye da ingancin ruwa mai girma da tsafta. Kariyarsa tana da matsakaicin matsakaici, maimakon rauni.

Dole ne masu tacewa masu kyau da suka dace don haka tabbatar da ingancin ruwan da ya dace da nau'in. In ba haka ba, a yanayin zafi sama da 29 ° C, ƙwayoyin cuta za su yadu da sauri. Matsakaicin aikin kifin kifaye ko da yaushe suna haɗa kayan tacewa daban-daban tare da sarrafa halittu ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda hakanan yana daidaita kayan tacewa kuma daga can suna juyar da gubobi, bazuwar nitrite da ammonia kuma suna sha tare da rushe ragowar kifin.
A lokaci guda, ruwan dole ne ya kasance mai laushi musamman, dole ne ya kasance yana da kusan babu taurin aunawa. Madaidaicin pH shine 4 zuwa 5. Idan an ƙara ruwa mai tsabta a cikin tafkin a matsayin wani ɓangare na canjin ruwa na yau da kullum, wannan na iya zama matsakaicin digiri na 2, ba mai zafi ba. A lokaci guda, ana iya cika ƙimar ta ƙara peat, alder cones, ganyen beech ko shirye-shiryen ruwa na musamman.

Domin tsire-tsire da kifaye su yi girma ta hanyar da ta dace da nau'in su, lokacin hasken wuta na sa'o'i 12 a cikin rana ya dace. Koyaya, kifin discus yana kula da haske. Baya ga tsire-tsire masu iyo da aka riga aka ambata don dampening, wani lokacin kuma tushen, ana ba da shawarar bututun kyalli marasa ƙarfi. Idan har yanzu kuna son fitar da manyan launuka na kifin zuwa mafi kyawun amfaninsu, zaku iya amfani da fitilu tare da ɓangaren ja.

Bugu da ƙari, masu ƙidayar lokaci, masu dumama sanda, tacewa na waje da ƙasa, bututun hasken rana da ƙari suna samuwa don aquariums na discus, waɗanda aka keɓance da bukatun kifin ruwan zafi na wurare masu zafi da kuma girman manyan tankuna.

Ciyar da kifin da ya dace

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kifi na ado, discus yana da gajeriyar hanyar narkewar abinci. Don haka ya kamata a ciyar da shi sau da yawa a rana, tare da ƙananan rabo ya wadatar. Abincin daskararre, abinci mai rai, bitamin flakes da/ko granules ana “bautawa” sau 2 zuwa 3 a rana kuma sun bambanta. Kifayen da ke kanana suna buƙatar cin abinci sau 5 a rana, wanda sannu a hankali ya canza zuwa 3 ko 2.

Lokacin da yazo ga ciyar da kanta, babban abun da ke ciki yana da mahimmanci. Duk abin da ba a narkar da shi yana ƙarewa a cikin ruwa kuma yana samar da wurin haifuwa ga ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda aka sani suna da lahani ga discus. Wasu masu ruwa da ruwa don haka sun rantse da abincin tattaunawa na kasuwanci lokacin da suke ciyar da discus. A nan, masana'antu sun karbi nau'in kifi na musamman kuma sun haifar da wani nau'i na musamman, buƙatar kifin kayan ado yana da yawa. Sauran masu gadi, a gefe guda, sun dogara da farko akan abinci mai rai. A wannan yanayin, duk da haka, dole ne a kara yawan abinci tare da abubuwan shuka masu lalata, waɗanda ba su da ma'auni na abinci na halitta. Wannan na iya zama matattun ganye, irin su beech, oak, alder, birch, bishiyar almond na teku da makamantansu. Abubuwan shuka na biyu kuma suna tallafawa rigakafin cututtuka.

Kwana ɗaya ko biyu ba tare da abinci ba ba zai cutar da kifin discus mai lafiya ba. Sabanin haka: kwanakin azumi na lokaci-lokaci suna tsaftace tsarin narkewar abinci kuma suna kare ingancin ruwa. Irin waɗannan matakan ya kamata su dogara ne akan isasshen ƙwarewa da kwanciyar hankali cewa duk kifayen da ke cikin tanki sun dace sosai.

Abokin kifi don tattaunawa

Idan ka kalli yanayin kiyaye kifin discus, zaɓin kifin abokin yana da iyaka sosai. Babban yanayin zafi da laushi, yanayin acidic kadai ba na kowa ba ne. Har ila yau, kifayen abokantaka ba su zama masu maye gurbin ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba ko kuma amfani da su azaman yunƙuri na zamantakewa. Tankuna masu tsabta sun zama gama gari kuma sun dace don kifin discus.

Idan har yanzu kuna son yin amfani da wasu dabbobi, ya kamata ku kula da zaman lafiyar su kuma, sama da duka, ku guje wa nau'in halittar ƙasa. Misali:

• Tsotsar kifi da kifin sulke
• kananan tetras: Neon tetras, hatchet, lemun tsami tetras, da sauransu
• dwarf cichlids da malam buɗe ido cichlids
• daban-daban barbels, katantanwa, da shrimps, misali masu cin algae, ja katantanwa, fan shrimps.

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan abokan zama suna ba da gudummawa sosai wajen tacewa don haka don haɓaka ingancin ruwa. Kuma ko da shrimp na ruwa yana cikin menu na kifin discus, an tsira daga ciyawar sarki. Don haka, ana ɗaukar waɗannan nau'ikan da aka ambata a matsayin cikakken jituwa tare da discus, kodayake ba a matsayin haɗin da ya dace ba.

Duk wanda ya ƙaunaci nau'in kifin discus zai sami idanu ne kawai don ƙawancin launi mai motsi a hankali, tsari mai ban sha'awa, da kuma ayyukan jituwa na dabbobi.