UMary Allen
Lezi okuthiwa “izinja ezilwayo” noma “izinja ezisohlwini” zigxekwa kaningi ngoba kuthiwa zinamazinyo aqine kakhulu kunezinye izinja.
Kodwa ingabe lokho kuyiqiniso? Futhi iyiphi inja enamazinyo aqine? Kuleli khasi, sizokukhombisa ukuthi le mibuzo ingaphendulwa kanjani.
Ungaqiniseka ukuthi ubukhulu benja akukhathaleki ukuthi luqine kangakanani.
Ukunikeza inja yakho ithambo kuyindlela enhle yokubuka. Ngisho “nabancane” bangaqhekeka amathambo ahlafunwayo ngamazinyo futhi balume kahle.
Amandla enja okuluma
Muva nje lapho isigameko esihilela ukulunywa yinja sesaziwa, kuphinde kuxoxwe ngemvelo eyingozi yezinja.
Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zisakalwa kabi ikakhulukazi. Nokho, isikhathi esiningi, abanikazi bezinja yibo abanecala hhayi inja uma isilwane singaqeqeshwanga ngendlela efanele, noma ngokungalungile.
Uma abantu belunywe yizinja, akuvamile ephephandabeni ukuthi kukhulunywe ngamandla alumayo anesisindo sethani.
Lesi sitatimende asilungile neze. Ayikho inja enamandla okuluma eyithani. Ngomzimba, ungabona isitatimende esingamanga ngoba amandla okuluma inja akalwa ngama-Newtons, hhayi amakhilogremu.
Nokho, akukenzeki ukuzuza amanani alungile lapha. Izinja ziyizidalwa eziphilayo futhi azilaleli imithetho ye-physics. Azilumi ngokugcwele uma ziyalwa.
Ngakho-ke, azikho izifundo ezisekelwe ngokwesayensi mayelana namandla okuluma izinja ezitholakalayo.
Naphezu kwamazinyo amakhulu nanamandla, izinja zingasebenzisa futhi zilawule amandla azo ngokucophelela. Cabanga nje ngomama wenja ethwele imidlwane yakhe.
Ama-terriers anamazinyo aqine kakhulu
Amandla okuluma ngakho-ke awakwazi ukunqunywa ngendlela enenjongo. Lokhu kuhlukile kumandla amancane.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezinja zinamazinyo aqinile. Nokho, lezi akuzona, njengoba ungase usole, “izinja ezilwayo”.
Izinja ezisetshenziselwa ukuzingela ngaphansi komhlaba zinezicucu eziqine kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-terriers, ezivame ukuba phakathi kwezinja ezincane.
Izinhlobo zezinja zokuzingela zakudala nazo zinamazinyo aqine kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-dentition ye-Molosser ibuthakathaka.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla amancane awahlobene nosayizi wenja. Izinja ezibhekwa “njengezinja ezilwayo” azinawo amazinyo aqinile kunezinye izinja.
Inja inamazinyo amangaki?
Inja endala inamazinyo angama-42.
Engxenyeni ngayinye yomhlathi, kukhona ama-incisors amathathu, i-canine eyodwa, ama-molars amane angaphambili, nama-molars amabili angemuva kanti emhlathini ongezansi, kunezinye ezintathu ezingemuva.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinja zinesikelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinyo omhlathi ongenhla abambe izinyo langaphandle lomhlathi ongezansi.
Izinja ezilunywe isikelo zihlanganisa i-Doberman, i-German Shepherd, kanye ne-Bernese Mountain Dog.
Ngokuphambene, i-Bull Terrier ine-pincer bite. Yilapho kuhlangana khona ama-incisors.
Njengakubantu, ama-underbites kanye nama-overbites nawo ayenzeka ezinjeni. Okunye ukungahambi kahle kwamazinyo nakho kuyaziwa. Ama-Collies, ama-Boxers, nama-pugs athinteka kakhulu yilezi zinkinga.
Izinja azikwazi ukuhlafuna
Imihlathi yenja engenhla nengezansi ixhunywe ngejoyinti lehinge. Ngakho-ke inja ingakwazi ukuvula nokuvala i-bit kuphela.
Ukunyakaza okuhlafunayo okulandelanayo, njengoba kukwazi ukwenza abantu noma izinkawu, akunakwenzeka enja. Izinja azikwazi ukuhlafuna noma ukugaya ukudla.
Kodwa lokho akudingekile nhlobo. Kunalokho, izinja zisebenzisa amazinyo azo ukuze zinqume inyamazane yazo. Basiza ukudiliza izicubu eziqinile neziqinile njengama-tendon noma uqwanga.
Ngakho-ke, khumbula ukuhlanza amazinyo akho njalo, isibonelo ngamathoyizi okuhlafuna.
Amazinyo awokubambelela. Lokhu kudinga amandla afanele emhlathini.
Okunqumayo ngala mandla okuluma ubukhulu bekhanda, imisipha yalo, nobukhulu bomhlathi namazinyo.
Inja iluma kangaki?
Ukuthi ukulunywa yinja kubi kangakanani kuncike ezicini ezihlukahlukene.
Lapho ihlasela noma ivikela, ezinye izinhlobo zezinja ziluma kabuhlungu kanye bese zibambelela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izinja ziluma ziphindelela. Iphinde ifike ekulimaleni okuningi kokulunywa.
Inja eluma izikhathi eziningi i-German Shepherd. Uma ehlasela ezinye izinja noma umuntu, ngokuvamile lokhu kusho ukulimala okubi kakhulu.
Nokho, izinja ezilusayo azikho phakathi “kwezinja ezisohlwini”. Ngokuphambene nenja engumalusi, lokhu kuluma ngokuqinile kanye. Ukulimala kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi isilwane sibamba kuphi.
Ukulunywa yinja kuyohlale kubuhlungu
Nokho, inja yasekhaya ayisoze yasebenzisa wonke amandla ayo okuluma ukuze ilimaze ngamabomu esinye isilwane noma umuntu.
Noma kunjalo, ukuqapha kuyadingeka njalo lapho usebenza nezinja, ikakhulukazi nezinja ezingaziwa. Ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amazinyo akhe aqine kangakanani, ukuluma kuhlala kungathandeki futhi kubuhlungu.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Yimaphi amazinyo amade futhi agqama kakhulu ezinjeni?
Amazinyo enja enja made futhi akhombe. Izinja zizisebenzisa ukuze zibambe futhi zibambe inyamazane yazo noma ukudla.
Iyiphi inja enamandla kunazo zonke?
I-Kangal ivela edolobheni laseTurkey iSivas. Lolu hlobo lwezinja, oludabuka eTurkey, lunamandla okuluma aqine kakhulu. Ku-743 PSI, iKangal i-#1 ohlwini. Idlula ngisho ibhubesi, elinamandla aluma angu-691 PSI.
Inja inamazinyo amangaki?
Amazinyo enja ekhule ngokugcwele anamazinyo angama-42: angama-20 emhlathini ongenhla nangama-22 emhlathini ongezansi. Ngokuqondile, umuntu uthola ezinjeni: 12 incisors (6 ngayinye emhlathini ongenhla nangaphansi) kanye 4 canines (2 ngayinye emhlathini ongenhla nangaphansi).
Ngabe amazinyo enja aqinile kunamazinyo womuntu?
Ezinjeni, uqweqwe lwamazinyo lucishe lube ngu-0.1-1 mm ubukhulu, kuye ngezinyo. Nakuba uqweqwe lwamazinyo omuntu lushubile kunolwezinja, bambalwa abantu “abangaba nesibindi” sokuhlafuna izinto abazinika izinja zabo kalula.
Yimaphi amazinyo afika ekugcineni enjeni?
Emhlathini ongenhla, inja endala inama-incisors amathathu (ama-incisors), i-canine eyodwa (i-canine), ama-molars amane angaphambili (ama-premolars), kanye nama-molars amabili angemuva (ama-molars). Kukhona enye i-molar yangemuva emhlathini ongezansi.
Yisiphi isilwane esiluma kakhulu?
Amanani we-bite force kanye ne-bite force quotient. Amandla amakhulu okuluma kuze kube manje avela engwenya yasemanzini anosawoti angu-16,143 N cm−2. I-piranha emnyama isilwane esinamandla amakhulu kakhulu okuluma.
Iziphi izinja eziluma kakhulu?
Abelusi baseJalimane, ama-Doberman, ama-Rottweiler, nezinja ezinkulu ze-mongrel ziluma kanzima kakhulu futhi kaningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zinja zithandwa kakhulu futhi ziningi. Ngokocwaningo lomnyango wokuhlinza izingane eNyuvesi yaseGraz, iGerman Shepherd kanye noDobermann bahola izibalo ezibuhlungu.
Ubani inja enhle kakhulu emhlabeni wonke?
I-Golden Retriever ivela eScotland futhi manje isingesinye sezinja ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Ekuqaleni yayizalelwe ukuzingela izinyoni zasemanzini. Namuhla igcinwa ikakhulukazi njengenja yomndeni, kodwa futhi njengenja yokuhlenga neyokuqondisa, njengoba kulula ukuyiqeqesha, ihlakaniphe kakhulu, futhi inokwethenjelwa.