Isingeniso sedijithi ye-vestigial kuxoxo

Amaxoxo ayizidalwa ezithakazelisayo osekungamashumi eminyaka edonsa ukunaka kososayensi. Baziwa ngezici zabo eziyingqayizivele, kuhlanganise nemilenze yabo enamandla, izinyawo ezinolwebu, nolimi olude. Kodwa-ke, kunesici esisodwa sokwakheka kwexoxo esivuse ilukuluku labacwaningi - idijithi ye-vestigial. Lesi sithasiselo esincane siyinsalela yesikhathi esidlule sokuziphendukela kwesele futhi bekuyisihloko sezifundo eziningi ukuze kuqondwe ukusebenza nokubaluleka kwalo.

I-anatomy yonyawo lwexoxo

Ukuze uqonde idijithi yeselesele, kubalulekile ukuthi uqale uhlole i-anatomy yonyawo lwexoxo. Unyawo lwesele lubonakala ngezinzwane zalo ezinhlanu, ezinolwembu ukuze kube lula ukubhukuda. Uzwane ngalunye lufakwe uchungechunge lwamathambo, imisipha, nemisipha eyenza isele likwazi ukugxuma, ukubhukuda, nokukhuphuka. Unyawo luphinde lumbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwesikhumba olukhipha amafinyila, okusiza ukugcina isele limanzi.

Incazelo yedijithi ye-vestigial

Idijithi ye-vestigial isakhiwo esilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo wasekuqaleni phakathi nenkathi yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Endabeni yamaxoxo, idijithi ye-vestigial uzwane lwesihlanu oluncane olutholakala eduze kweqakala. Lolu zwane alusebenzisi noma iyiphi injongo emaxoxoni anamuhla futhi luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-spur." Ezinye izinhlobo zamaxoxo zinezinombolo ezingavamile ezinyaweni zazo zangaphambili futhi.

Inhloso yamadijithi angekho emthethweni

Inhloso yamadijithi angabonakali iyindaba eyimpikiswano enkulu phakathi kososayensi. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi bayizinsalela zezici zokhokho ezake zasebenza kodwa zaphelelwa isikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye basikisela ukuthi bangadlala indima ekukhetheni ubulili noma basebenze njengendawo yokuhlola yentuthuko ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu.

Ungabheka kuphi amadijithi angenalutho eselesele

Ukuze uthole idijithi ye-vestigial esele, umuntu kufanele abhekisise ilunga leqakala. I-spur ngokuvamile incane futhi ayibonakali, okwenza kube nzima ukuyibona ngaphandle kwengilazi yokukhulisa noma isibonakhulu. Usayizi nokuma kwedijithi ye-vestigial kungahluka kuye ngezinhlobo zexoxo.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinhlobo zexoxo

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zamasele ezinezinombolo ezingavamile, futhi lezo ezinazo zingaba nazo ezindaweni ezihlukene noma osayizi. Isibonelo, amanye amaxoxo anamadijithi angavamile ezinyaweni zawo zangaphambili, kanti amanye anawo ezinyaweni zawo zangemuva kuphela. Ubukhulu nokuma kwedijithi ye-vestigial nakho kungahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zezilwane.

Ukuvela kwamadijithi angenalutho

Ukuvela kwamadijithi angekho kuyindaba ethakazelisayo osekuyiminyaka eminingi ithakazelisa ososayensi. Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zakhiwo ziyizinsalela zezimpawu zamadlozi ezake zasebenza kodwa zaphelelwa yisikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izingcindezi ezikhethiwe eziholele ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi kuseyindaba yempikiswano enkulu phakathi kwabacwaningi.

Indlela amadijithi angenalutho ayithinta ngayo ukuziphatha kwexoxo

Umsebenzi wamadijithi we-vestigial kumaxoxo awuqondi kahle, kodwa abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi bangase badlale indima ekukhetheni ubulili. Abanye basikisela ukuthi bangase basebenze njengendawo yokuhlola yentuthuko ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholwe umsebenzi wangempela wamadijithi angenalutho kumaxoxo.

Ukubaluleka kwamadijithi angekho ocwaningweni

Izinombolo ze-Vestigial zibalulekile kubacwaningi ngoba zinganikeza ukuqonda ngomlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kohlobo oluthile. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ukufunda izindlela zebhayoloji yokuthuthuka kanye nesisekelo sofuzo sokujwayela. Ukutadisha amadijithi angenalutho kumaxoxo kungasisiza siqonde kangcono ukuvela kwempilo eMhlabeni.

Ubudlelwano babantu kuya kumadijithi angekho emthethweni

Abantu baphinde babe nezakhiwo ezingavamile, njenge-appendix namazinyo okuhlakanipha. Lezi zakhiwo bezisebenza kodwa zalahlekelwa inhloso yazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukutadisha izakhiwo ze-vestigial kwezinye izilwane kungasisiza siqonde kangcono ukuvela kwe-anatomy yethu.

Ikusasa locwaningo lwamadijithi angekho emthethweni

Ucwaningo lwamadijithi angenalutho kumaxoxo luyindawo eqhubekayo yocwaningo, kunemibuzo eminingi engaphenduleki okusamele ihlolwe. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo lungase lugxile ekutholeni umsebenzi wamadijithi angekho emthethweni, ukutadisha isisekelo sofuzo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwawo, kanye nokuhlola okungenzeka ukuthi angawasebenzisa ku-biotechnology.

Isiphetho: Ukubaluleka kwamadijithi angenalutho kumaxoxo

Sengiphetha, idijithi yeselesele kuxoxo iyisakhiwo esincane kodwa esibalulekile esinikeza ukuqonda ngomlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo walezi zidalwa ezithakazelisayo. Nakuba umsebenzi wawo ungaqondakali kahle, ukucwaninga kwamadijithi angenalutho kumaxoxo kungasisiza siqonde kangcono izindlela zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nesisekelo sofuzo sokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ngokuhlola izakhiwo zezinye izilwane, singakwazi futhi ukuqonda kangcono i-anatomy yethu nokuziphendukela kwemvelo.