UMary Allen
Ikati elilodwa kwamathathu angaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15 lizoba ne-CKD. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ikati liphilile isikhathi eside esizayo.
Ukulahleka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinso isikhathi eside kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD). Amakati amadala ikakhulukazi ayathinteka. Kuphinde kube ngesinye sezimbangela zokufa ezihamba phambili. Lesi sifo siqala ngobuqili, yingakho ngokuvamile singanakwa ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngeshwa, ukwelashwa akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungabambezela ukuqhubeka kwe-CKD.
Ikhula kanjani i-CKD?
I-CKD ingadalwa yinoma yikuphi ukulimala kwezinso, isibonelo ukutheleleka okukhuphukayo komgudu womchamo noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Izinso azihluleki ngokushesha, kodwa kancane kancane zilahlekelwa ukusebenza isikhathi eside. Isiqephu ngesiqephu, amayunithi amancane okuhlunga ezinso, ama-nephrons, abhujiswa ngokungenakulungiseka. Ngenxa yokuthi izinso zinenani elimangalisayo lama-nephron - acishe abe ngu-190,000 ekatini - angakwazi ukukhokhela ukulahlekelwa ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, uma cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezihlungi ezincane zithinteka, izinso azikwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wazo ngokwanele. Umchamo uyancipha futhi igazi liqoqa kancane kancane ukungcola kanye nobuthi obuvame ukuphumela emchamweni. Ngokuqhubekayo, izinhlayiya ezinkulu ezifana namaprotheni zingangena emchameni,
Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ikati lingase libe ne-CKD?
Ingabe ikati liphuza kakhulu futhi lidinga ukuchama kaningi futhi ngamanani amakhulu? Lezi kungaba yizimpawu zokuqala zesifo sezinso. Amakati amaningi ane-CKD nawo alahlekelwa isifiso sokudla futhi ehle nesisindo. Uboya bubukeka buthuntu futhi buyi-fuzzy. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, udoti osegazini ungabangela ukuba ikati lihlanze noma libonakale libuthakathaka futhi lingenamsebenzi. Ukuphefumula kuvame ukunuka kabi.
Ukuhlolwa kodokotela okuvikelayo kuzuzisa eminyakeni emingaki?
Ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela kwaminyaka yonke emsebenzini wezilwane kufanele kube ohlelweni lwamakati abo bonke ubudala. Ngokubheka, ukuzwa, nokulalelisisa, udokotela wezilwane angabona izifo kusenesikhathi. Ukulandelela ukulimala kwezinso, umchamo nesampula yegazi kufanele kuhlolwe elabhorethri. Lokhu kunconywa minyaka yonke kumakati angaphezu kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Endabeni yezilwane ezindala kakhulu noma ezigulayo, ukuhlolwa kwezinyanga eziyisithupha nakho kungaba usizo.
Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukulimala okukhulu kwezinso emakati?
Ukudla kunamuphi umthelela ekukhuleni kwe-CKD? Isibonelo, i-phosphate eningi kakhulu noma i-potassium encane kakhulu ingandisa ingozi ye-CKD. Ukudla okukhethekile kwabadala okunokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni aphansi akubonakali kunomphumela omuhle. Kuphinde kwafakazelwa ukuthi cishe akwenzi mehluko ukuthi ikati liphakelwa ukudla okomile noma okumanzi. Kunoma yikuphi, kufanele aphuze ngokwanele: Amanzi ahlanzekile kufanele ahlale ekhona. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukunaka impilo yomlomo: izinkinga zamazinyo zingaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso uma zingelashwa.
Umbuzo Ovame Ukubuzwa
Yini embi ngezinso zekati?
Ukwehluleka kwezinso kuyingozi empilweni ngoba umsebenzi wezinso uyancipha kakhulu noma, esimweni esibi kakhulu, uhluleka ngokuphelele. Kukhona ukunqwabelana kobuthi emzimbeni, obudala omunye umonakalo lapho. Ukuhluleka kwezinso okungalashwa ngokuvamile kuyabulala.
Yini ebangela ukwehluleka kwezinso emakatini?
Ukunqwabelana kwezinto ezinobuthi ezicutshini zezinso. ukungagelezi kahle kwegazi kwezinso (ischemia) izifo zamasosha omzimba (isb. i-feline infectious peritonitis = FIP) izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Amakati anezinkinga kanjani zezinso?
Ukuphuza njalo, ukuchama njalo, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuncipha, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukuhlanza, ijazi elibuthuntu, elibushelelezi, noma ukuba buthakathaka.
Indlela yokuvimbela izinkinga zezinso emakati?
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ikati lakho lihlale likwazi ukuthola amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile futhi liwaphuze njalo. Ngoba uketshezi oluncane lusho ukuthi izinso kufanele zisebenze kanzima ukuze zikhiqize umchamo.
Iyiphi inyama yamakati anesifo sezinso?
Inyama kufanele ibe yinyama yemisipha ikakhulukazi enamafutha amaningi. Inyama yehansi noma yedada, inyama yenkomo enamafutha (i-prime rib, inyama yekhanda, ubambo oluseceleni), noma ingulube ebilisiwe noma eyosiwe ifaneleka kahle lapha. Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-saumoni noma i-mackerel zizokwenza kanye ngesonto.
Yini okufanele ikati elinesifo sezinso lingadli?
Okubalulekile: Kungcono ukungondli inyama eningi - iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaprotheni, umzimba wekati lakho elinesifo sezinso ongasakwazi ukuphatha kahle. Futhi, qaphela ukuthi ungadli ama-carbohydrate amaningi, kodwa kunalokho gxila emafutheni anempilo.
Ingabe amakati anesifo sezinso kufanele aphuze kakhulu?
Inikeza wonke amavithamini adingwa isilwane esinesifo sezinso. Lawa ngokuyinhloko amavithamini ancibilikayo emanzini (isb. amavithamini B kanye novithamini C), ikati elinesifo sezinso eliwakhiphela emchamweni. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ikati lakho lihlala linamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile anele atholakalayo.
Ungawathuthukisa kanjani amanani ezinso kumakati?
Ukudla kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli. Ikati kufanele libe ekudleni okukhethekile kwezinso impilo yalo yonke. Ukudla okukhethekile kwezinso kuqukethe amaprotheni amancane kunokudla okujwayelekile, kodwa amaprotheni awekhwalithi engcono.