UMary Allen
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-budgerigar, upholi, i-canary, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, abanikazi bezinyoni banomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu ezilwaneni zabo futhi kufanele bahlale bekwazi lokhu. Lokhu kubhekisela kokubili ekufuyweni kwezilwane, isibonelo, ukuthi ikheji likhulu ngokwanele futhi izinyoni zivunyelwe ukundiza njalo mahhala, azihlali zodwa, futhi zihlala zinekheji ehlanzekile.
Ukudla nakho kubaluleke kakhulu futhi akufanele kuthathwe kancane. Ngakho akwanele ukunikeza izinyoni ukudla okushibhile kwezinyoni ezivela esitolo. Izinyoni zidinga amavithamini ahlukahlukene ukuze zihlale ziphilile futhi zizwe kahle. Kulesi sihloko, sichaza ukuthi yimaphi amavithamini izinyoni zakho eziwadingayo.
Kwenzekani uma izinyoni zingatholi amavithamini ambalwa kakhulu?
Izinyoni zihlushwa ngokushesha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamavithamini, okuthi esimweni esibi kakhulu kube nemiphumela esongela ukuphila. Izinyoni ngokuvamile zihlushwa ukuntula uvithamini A, ukuntula uvithamini D, okwenzeka ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-calcium, nokuntuleka kukavithamini B, namanye amavithamini amaningi abalulekile okudingeka ahlinzekwe.
Ukuntuleka okunjalo kwenzeka lapho isilwane singatholi amavithamini anele ngokudla.
Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin A:
Izinyoni ezingatholi uvithamini A owanele ngokuvamile azikwazi ukuzivikela emagciwaneni ngoba amasosha omzimba ezilwane abuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuntuleka kungaba nomthelela omubi ekuzaleni kanye nesakhiwo samathambo ezilwane, futhi indlela yokuphefumula nayo ayigcinwa.
Ngokuntuleka okukhulu kwevithamini A, inyoni yakho ingase ibonise izimpawu zomkhuhlane noma ibe nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Kuma-parrots, ukuntula kwe-vitamin A kuvame ukuholela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene zesikhunta, kuhlanganise ne-aspergillosis.
Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin D:
I-Vitamin D ibaluleke kakhulu emathanjeni ezinyoni, ukuze ukutholakala okuncane kungabangela ukulimala kwamathambo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi izilwane zithole uvithamini D owanele kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuningi ukuze kusetshenziswe leli vithamini elibalulekile.
Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini B no-E:
Ukuntuleka kwala mavithamini amabili kungabangela izinyoni ukuba zidlikize ngokushesha. Izifo ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa ziya ngokuya zenzeka, kangangokuthi isilwane singakwazi ngisho nokuhlushwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokukhubazeka.
Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini kubonakala kanjani ezinyonini?
Abanikazi bezinyoni abaningi abaqiniseki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo ezizithandayo zithola amavithamini anele. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezinyonini ezingabonisa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini okungenzeka.
Lezi zivela kanje:
| Uhlobo lwesici | Izimpawu ezijwayelekile |
| ukushoda kukavithamini A | isikhumba sezilwane ngokushesha siba yi-scaly futhi somile, esibonakala ikakhulukazi endaweni yokumisa
izinyoni zingase zibonise izimpawu zomkhuhlane izimpaphe zezilwane ziyashintsha, ezingabonisa kokubili umbala nokuminyana. Ibukeka kabi futhi idangele amabala aphuzi angakheka kulwelwesi lwamafinyila ezilwaneni Ukuvuvukala kwezindlala zamathe kanye/noma ze-lacrimal ukumelana kwezinyoni kuncipha |
| Ukusilela uvithamini D, E, noma selenium |
ama-stretch cramps angase avele
inyoni ibonakala ingaxhumene isilwane singase sidlikize ukuthuthumela kancane ukukhubazeka kungenzeka |
| ukupenda i-vitamin D, i-calcium |
Kuvela ukukhubazeka kwamathambo
ukuthuthumela kwemisipha ama-cramps |
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuntuleka kwamavithamini?
Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka njalo inyoni ngamavithamini abalulekile ukuze ukusilela okuhlukahlukene kungenzeki kwasekuqaleni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, ukudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokunikeza kuphela okuphakelayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ikheji kufanele libekwe ukuze izilwane zithole ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele futhi isikhala sibe sikhulu kunokuba sibe sincane kakhulu.
Lapho ukhetha ukudla okufanele, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi kujwayelene ngokukhethekile nezinhlobo zezinyoni ozifuyile. Ngakho kukhona ukudla okukhethekile kwe-budgerigar noma ukudla kopholi kanye no-co.
Ngaphandle kwembewu yezinyoni yangempela, kunezinye izindlela zokunikeza amavithamini. Isibonelo, kukhona amatshe e-calcium akhethekile, okufanele afinyeleleke ngokukhululekile kulo lonke ikheji. I-chickweed evela engadini nayo iqukethe amavithamini amaningi abalulekile.
Uhlolojikelele lwamavithamini ngamanye nokuthi ungawatholaphi
Amavithamini ahlukahlukene abalulekile ezinyonini zakho ngakho-ke kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi enziwe atholakale ngenani elanele. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni zingakhiqiza kuphela uvithamini C no-D ngokwazo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanye amavithamini noma izandulela zawo kumele zikhishwe ekudleni. Lezi zihlukaniswe ngamavithamini ancibilikayo amafutha kanye namavithamini ancibilikayo emanzini. Mangaki amavithamini nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamavithamini ezidingekayo ikakhulukazi kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubuza mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amavithamini okufanele anikezwe nokuthi yimaphi amanani. Ngenxa yokuthi akuwona kuphela amavithamini ambalwa kakhulu ayingozi, amavithamini amaningi kakhulu anomthelela omubi empilweni yezilwane zakho.
Kukhona nesidingo esiphezulu lapho izilwane zikhula noma zichanyuselwa, ukuze amavithamini okwenziwa nawo abe nengqondo kulesi simo.
Amavithamini ancibilikayo
Vitamin A
I-Vitamin A itholakala kuphela ekudleni okuvela ezilwaneni, ngakho izinyoni zakho zingathola kuphela le vitamin ngokuqondile ephuma emlonyeni weqanda lesikhukhukazi. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo eziningi ziqukethe okuthiwa i-pro-vitamin A, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-carotene. Inyoni yakho ingasebenzisa lezi zakhi ukukhiqiza i-vitamin A ngokwayo.
Vitamin D
Ngokuqondile, uvithamini D yiqembu le-vitamin D, eliqukethe i-D2, i-D3 kanye ne-provitamin 7-dehydrocholesterol, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-precursor ye-cholesterol ebalulekile. Lokhu kuguqulwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba inyoni yakho ibe i-previtamin D3 bese kuba uvithamini D3, ukukhanya kwe-UV kubaluleke kakhulu.
Vitamin E
Isidingo sikavithamini E siphezulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni kunezilwane ezincelisayo. Le vithamini igcinwa izilwane emaphashini, isibindi, izicubu ze-adipose kanye nobende. Noma ngabe imvelo inezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili ezahlukene zikavithamini E, i-alpha-tocopherol kuphela ebalulekile ezilwaneni.
Vitamin k
Ngokwemvelo, i-vitamin K ikhona njenge-K1 ne-K2. Ngenkathi i-vitamin ye-K2 yakheka emathunjini ezilwane ngama-microorganisms akhona lapho futhi amuncwa ngendle yesilwane, i-vitamin ye-K1 kufanele inikezwe ngokuhlukana. Le vithamini ingagcinwa yinyoni esibindini futhi ibalulekile ekujiyeleni igazi.
Amavithamini ancibilikayo emanzini
Amavithamini ancibilikayo emanzini awakwazi ukugcinwa izinyoni zakho, ngakho-ke abukho ubungozi bokweqisa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukunikeza umzimba njalo amavithamini ahlukahlukene ukuze kungabikho ukuntuleka.
Vitamin B1
I-Vitamin B1 izwela kakhulu futhi ingaqedwa ngokushesha ukukhanya okukhulu, ukushisa okukhulu noma umoya omningi.
Vitamin B2
I-Vitamin B2 nayo ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ivithamini yokukhula futhi iyingxenye yama-enzyme amaningi ahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivithamini B2 ibandakanyeka ekwakhekeni nasekuqhekekeni kwamafutha acid futhi iyawakhuthaza.
Vitamin C
I-Vitamin C itholakala ezitshalweni eziningi ezahlukene, izithelo, kanye nokudla kwezilwane futhi kufanele inikezwe ngenani elanele. Uma inyoni yakho igula noma isesimweni esicindezelayo, kufanele unake ngokukhethekile okuqukethwe kwevithamini C futhi usekele izilwane zakho ngezithako zokwenziwa zamavithamini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Imiphi imikhiqizo atholakala kuyo amavithamini?
Ithebula elilandelayo likunikeza umbono omuhle wamavithamini abaluleke kakhulu nokuthi imiphi imikhiqizo engatholakala kuyo ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza izinyoni zakho ukudla okwanele.
| Vitamins | Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe? |
| Vitamin A | equkethwe ekudleni okuvela ezilwaneni
equkethwe ezitshalweni ezinombala ophuzi, obomvu nowolintshi i-paprika ama-marigolds isaqathe |
| Vitamin D | Ukukhanya kwe-UV kukhuthaza uvithamini D3 (ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma izibani zezinyoni ezikhethekile)
ama-synthetic vitamin supplements, Okuqukethwe kwe-calcium ne-phosphorus okulinganiselayo okufanele kube ngu-2:1 ekudleni ibuye iqukethwe emaqandeni enkukhu |
| Vitamin E | uwoyela
okusanhlamvu okuhlumayo izitshalo eziluhlaza |
| Vitamin k | i-broccoli
chives ukudla kwembewu ukudla okuluhlaza, imifino |
| Vitamin B1 | tshala ukudla
Ngokolweni zucchini mung ubhontshisi |
| Vitamin B2 | imikhiqizo yezilwane
iqanda lenkukhu isipinashi i-broccoli Ngokolweni Imvubelo |
| Vitamin C | ezinhlanyelweni eziningi zezinyoni
ezitshalweni esithelweni emifino emakhambi |
Ngenxa yalokhu, amavithamini ayadingeka:
Vitamin A:
- ukuvikela isikhumba;
- ukuvikela ulwelwesi lwamafinyila;
- ngokukhula (lapha i-vitamin A iyadingeka kumthamo ophezulu).
Vitamin D:
- ilawula i-calcium-phosphorus metabolism;
- igcina into yamathambo;
- kubalulekile kwezemfundo;
- kuvimbela ukwehluleka kweqanda.
Vitamin E:
- ivikela amavithamini ancibilikayo;
- ivikela amafutha e-unsaturated acids;
- kuthuthukisa umphumela we-vitamin A;
- kubalulekile imisipha.
Vitamin B1:
- kubalulekile ku-carbohydrate metabolism;
- kubalulekile ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Vitamin B2:
- kubalulekile ekukhuleni;
- kubalulekile for izimpaphe.
Vitamin C:
- kuqinisa amasosha omzimba;
- ezibalulekile ezifweni;
- ezibalulekile ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka;
- kuthinta ukuphefumula kwamaselula;
- kuthinta ibhalansi ye-hormonal;
- kubalulekile ekwakheni amathambo;
- kubalulekile ekwakhekeni kwegazi.
Yini okufanele yenziwe uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwamavithamini?
Uma inyoni ihlushwa enye yokuntuleka kwamavithamini okukhulunywe ngenhla, kufanele isabele ngokuqondile futhi ngokushesha. Manje kuya ngokuthi imiphumela isivele yenzeke kangakanani nokuthi ukuntula kuqhubeke kangakanani. Amavithamini alahlekile manje anikezwa isilwane. Ngokuya ngokuntuleka, udokotela wezilwane ujova amavithamini ngqo enyoni ngemithamo ephezulu noma awanikeze ngokudla kanye/noma ngamanzi okuphuza.
Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukubona ukuthi kungani ukuntuleka kwamavithamini kwenzeke, ukuze ukudla kufanele kulungiswe. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amavithamini amaningi kakhulu angaba yingozi nokuthi umonakalo owumphumela ungalindelwa esimweni esinjalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyabhekwa ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezithintekayo ukuze nazo zelashwe. Isibonelo, angajova i-anticonvulsant futhi azinzise isilwane esithintekile ngokufaka okuhlukahlukene.
Ukuma nakho kubaluleke kakhulu kudokotela wezilwane. Isibonelo, ukuntuleka kwevithamini D kwenzeka ikakhulukazi lapho izilwane zingakutholi ukukhanya okwanele kwe-UV. Nokho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kubalulekile kulokhu, njengoba imisebe ye-UV ibhujiswa ngefasitela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukubeka izilwane ngaphandle kuvulandi noma engadini. Esimweni esinjalo, kubalulekile ukushintsha indawo yezinyoni. Uma isilwane singakutholi ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele, umzimba waso awukwazi ukuguqula isandulela sikavithamini D sibe ifomu elisebenzayo, ngakho umzimba awukwazi ukucubungula uvithamini D wangempela.
Siyini isibikezelo sokuntuleka kwamavithamini okukhona?
Ukuthi isilwane sakho siqhuba kanjani uma sesivele sinenkinga yokuntuleka kwamavithamini kuncike ekuntulekeni kwangempela kanye nokuthi sesihambe ibanga elingakanani. Uma inyoni yakho ihlushwa ukushoda kwe-vitamin A, lokhu ngokuvamile kungelashwa ngokulungisa ukudla, ukuze ukubikezela kube kuhle futhi kube kuhle.
Lokhu kusebenza futhi ekuntulekeni kwevithamini D kanye nokuntuleka kwe-calcium, ngoba ukubikezela kusekuhle lapha, kodwa kuphela uma zibonwa kusenesikhathi. Uma indlala ye-parathyroid isivele ithintekile, lesi sifo ngeshwa asisihle kangako.
I-prognosis ibuye ibe yimbi uma isilwane sinenkinga yokuntuleka kwevithamini E noma i-vitamin B ngoba lapha amangqamuzana ezinzwa ezilwane ayalimala, ukuze isilwane sibe nezinkinga zemizwa.
Udokotela wezilwane ungumuntu olungile wokuxhumana naye
Ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ukuntuleka kwamavithamini ezilwaneni zakho, kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde kudokotela wezilwane ongakwazi ukubhekisisa inyoni bese ekhomba futhi welaphe ukuntuleka noma ukunikeza konke okucacile.
Ngoba kuyacaca ukuthi lapho kusheshe kutholakale ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, aba ngcono amathuba okugwema imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokuntuleka kwawo nokwenza okuthile mayelana nokuntuleka kwawo ukuze inyoni yakho ibe ngcono ngokushesha futhi ibe nethuba lokuphila okujabulisayo nempilo. futhi uyamukela.
Ezinye izakhi ezibalulekile zokudla kwezinyoni zakho
Ngaphezu kwamavithamini, kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi unikeza izinyoni zakho amaminerali okwanele, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium, ne-sodium ngoba lezi zibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni nempilo yezilwane zakho. Lapho uthenga ukudla kwezinyoni, qaphela izithako futhi yiziphi amavithamini asevele afakiwe, futhi ngamanani angakanani. Njalo unike izinyoni zakho into eluhlaza futhi entsha ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba ukudla okulinganiselayo kuqinisekisiwe ukwenza izilwane zakho zizwe zijabule kakhulu.