UMary Allen
Isingeniso: Ukuqonda Izilwane Ezincelisayo Ezihlala Ezinceleni
Izilwane ezincelisayo ziyiqembu elihlukahlukene lezilwane ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu zezilwane ezincelisayo ukuthi zizala zisencane. Nokho, akuzona zonke izingane ezincelisayo ezizalwa ngendlela efanayo. Ezinye zizalwa seziphelele futhi zilungele ukuzihambela, kanti ezinye zizalwa zisengozini futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe komama bazo. Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta ziwela esigabeni sakamuva, futhi zimelela iningi lezinhlobo ezincelisayo.
Ukuchaza Izilwane Ezincelisayo Ze-Placental: Ziyini?
Izilwane ezincelisayo ezincelisayo ziyiqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo ezinesimiso sokuzala esiyingqayizivele. Ngokungafani nama- marsupial, azala amaphuphu angakakhuli kahle aqhubeka ekhula ngaphandle komzimba kamama, izilwane ezincelisayo ezitholakala emzansi zinesitho esibizwa ngokuthi i-placenta esondla umbungu okhulayo ngaphakathi komzimba kamama. Lokhu kuvumela izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta ukuthi zizale izingane ezikhule kahle ezikwazi kangcono ukuphila endaweni yazo. Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placental nazo zibonakala ngamazinyo azo, akhethekile ekudleni okuthile, kanye nekhono lazo lokukhiqiza ubisi ukuze londle amaphuphu azo.
Ukuvela Kwezilwane Ezincelisayo Ze-Placental
Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta zavela eqenjini lezilwane ezincelisayo zakuqala ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-therapsids. Lezi zilwane zaziphila ngesikhathi sePermian, esathatha cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-298 kuya kwezingu-252 edlule. Ngalesi sikhathi, isimo sezulu soMhlaba sasifudumele futhi somile, futhi amazwekazi amaningi omhlaba ahlanganiswa ndawonye ezwekazini elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi iPangaea. Ama-Therapsid akwazi ukuzivumelanisa nale ndawo eshintshayo ngokuthuthukisa amazinyo akhethekile nemihlathi eyayiwavumela ukuba adle ukudla okuhlukahlukene okubanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-Therapsid aguquke abe amaqembu ahlukene ezilwane ezincelisayo, kuhlanganise nama-monotremes, ama-marsupials, nezilwane ezincelisayo ze-placental.
Yini Eyenza Ingulube Isilwane Esincelisayo Esingenandawonye?
Izingulube zihlukaniswa njengezilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta ngoba zine-placenta ezondla izingane zazo ezikhulayo. Izingulube ziyingxenye ye-oda i-Artiodactyla, ehlanganisa nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezinamanselo ezinjengezinyamazane, izinkomo, nezimvu. Njengezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala emzansi, izingulube zinamazinyo akhethekile nemihlathi ezivumela ukuba zidle ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Ziyakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza ubisi ukuze zondle amaphuphu azo.
I-Placenta: Isici Esiyinhloko Sezingulube
I-placenta iyisici esiyinhloko sezingulube nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Kuyisitho esikhethekile esivumela umbungu osakhula ukuba uthole imisoco kanye nomoya-mpilo ophuma egazini likamama. I-placenta iphinde ikhiphe udoti ku-fetus futhi isiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa layo. I-placenta yakhiwa kokubili izicubu zikamama ne-fetus, futhi inamathele odongeni lwesibeletho. Ezingulubeni, i-placenta imise okwe-disc futhi inobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-14.
Izingulube nezinye Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-Placental: Okufanayo
Izingulube zinezici eziningi nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezitholakala endaweni. Zinezinwele noma uboya, zikhiqiza ubisi ukuze zondle amaphuphu azo, futhi zinenhliziyo enamagumbi amane. Futhi bane-diaphragm, okuyisisipha esihlukanisa imbobo yesifuba nomgodi wesisu futhi esiza ekulawuleni ukuphefumula. Njengezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placental, izingulube zinobuchopho obuthuthuke kakhulu futhi ziyakwazi ukufunda nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwezingulube Nezinye Izilwane Ezincelisayo Ze-Placental
Nakuba izingulube zihlanganyela izici eziningi nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala endaweni, nazo zinomehluko obalulekile. Isibonelo, izingulube ziyi-omnivorous, okusho ukuthi zidla kokubili izitshalo nezilwane. Lokhu kuphambene nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala endaweni, njengezinkomo, ezidla uhlaza. Izingulube ziphinde zibe nohlelo lokugaya ukudla oluyinkimbinkimbi kunezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta, ezivumela ukuthi zikhiphe imisoco ekudleni okuhlukahlukene okubanzi. Ukwengeza, izingulube zinomuzwa obukhali kakhulu wokuhogela kunezinye izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo ze-placental, ezizisebenzisayo ukuthola ukudla nokugwema izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ukubaluleka Kokufunda Izilwane Ezincelisayo Ezifakwa Ngaphansi
Ukutadisha izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuvela kokuphila eMhlabeni. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala emathunjini zinomlando omude noyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ziye zadlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni imvelo ezihlala kuzo. Ngokucwaninga ngezilwane ezincelisayo ezitholakala endaweni, ososayensi bangafunda okwengeziwe ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu, kanye nezindlela eziye zavumela izinto eziphilayo ukuba zivumelane nezimo futhi ziguquke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwengeza, ukufunda ngezilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta kungasisiza ukuba siqonde kangcono ibhayoloji yabantu nokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Ucwaningo Lwesikhathi esizayo Ngezilwane Ezincelisayo Ezincelisayo
Kusekuningi okusamele kufundwe ngezilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta kanye nokuvela kwazo. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo lungase lugxile ekuqondeni izakhi zofuzo kanye nezinqubo ze-physiological ezivumela izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta ukuthi zikhule futhi ziphumelele ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ososayensi bangase futhi bafunde ukusebenzisana kwemvelo phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta, kanye nezindima eziye zadlalwa izilwane ezincelisayo emlandweni wempilo yasemhlabeni.
Isiphetho: Ukwazisa Ukuhlukahluka Kwempilo
Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-Placental zimelela iqembu elihlukahlukene nelithakazelisayo lezilwane eziye zashintsha ukujwayela okuyingqayizivele ukuze ziphile futhi zichume endaweni yazo. Kusukela ezingulubeni kuye emikhomeni kuya kubantu, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincelisayo zidlale indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni umhlaba esiphila kuwo namuhla. Ngokufunda ngezilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala emkhathini, singathola ukwazisa okujulile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni, kanye nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivumele izinhlobo zezilwane ukuba ziguquke futhi zizivumelanise nezimo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.