UMary Allen
Isingeniso: Umhlaba Othakazelisayo Wamagwababa
Amagwababa ayizinyoni ezithakazelisayo osekungamakhulu eminyaka zidonsa ukunaka kwabantu. Lezi zinyoni ezihlakaniphile nezivumelana nezimo zitholakala emhlabeni wonke futhi bekuyindaba yezinganekwane, inganekwane, nocwaningo lwesayensi. Esinye sezici ezithakazelisa kakhulu zokuziphatha kwamagwababa ukuhlalisana kwawo. Amagwababa aziwa ngokuba yizinyoni ezihlala ndawonye ezivame ukubuthana ngamaqembu, kodwa libizwa ngokuthini iqembu lamagwababa? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola impendulo yalo mbuzo futhi singene sijule ekushintsheni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezenhlalo zalezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo.
Ukuchaza Iqembu Lamagwababa
Iqembu lamagwababa livame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukungabi namusa" noma "uzungu" lwamagwababa. Lawa mabizo eqoqo asetshenziselwa ukuchaza iqembu lezinyoni, izilwane, noma abantu futhi ngokuvamile asekelwe kusici noma ukuziphatha okwabiwe. Endabeni yamagwababa, igama elithi "ukungabi nabubele" kucatshangwa ukuthi lisuka egameni lesiNgisi Esidala elithi "unlind" elisho "okubi" noma "ukubi". Lokhu kungase kubangelwe ukuhlotshaniswa kwenyoni nokufa kanye namandla angaphezu kwawemvelo ezinganekwaneni nasezinganekwaneni.
Umsuka Wamabizo Eqoqo
Kusetjentiswa kwemabito lahlangene kubuyela emuva ngeNkathi Ephakathi lapho amaqembu ezilwane ayevame ukuzingelwa ukuze athole umdlalo noma ukudla. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho amagama anjengokuthi “umhlambi” kanye “nomhlambi” aqalwa aqanjwa ukuze achaze amaqembu ezilwane ezifuywayo. Njengoba ukuzingela kwanda kakhulu, kwasungulwa amagama amasha ukuchaza amaqembu ezilwane zasendle, njengokuthi "iphakethe" lezimpisi kanye "nokuziqhenya" kwamabhubesi. Lawa mabizo eqoqo ayevame ukususelwa ekuziphatheni noma ezicini zezilwane okukhulunywa ngazo futhi ayesetshenziswa njengendlela yokuzikhomba ekuzingeleni nakweminye imisebenzi.
Umlando omfushane wamagwababa ezinganekwaneni
Amagwababa anomlando omude wokuhlotshaniswa nenganekwane kanye nezinganekwane. Emasikweni amaningi, lezi zinyoni kwakukholelwa ukuthi ziyizithunywa zonkulunkulu noma imimoya yabafileyo. Ezinganekwaneni zamaNorse, unkulunkulu u-Odin wayenamagwababa amabili, u-Huginn no-Muninn, ababendiza emhlabeni wonke futhi babuyisele ulwazi kuye. Emasikweni aboMdabu baseMelika, igwababa lalivame ukubonwa njengeqili kanye nophawu lwenguquko nokuzalwa kabusha. Lezi zindaba nezinkolelo zibe nomthelela ekuxazululeni izinkinga nokuthakasela okuzungezile amagwababa kuze kube namuhla.
Ukuvela kweRaven Communication
Amagwababa ayizinyoni ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezaziwa ngokuphimisela kwawo okuyinkimbinkimbi. Basebenzisa izingcingo nemisindo ehlukahlukene ukuze baxhumane, okuhlanganisa ne-"caw" edumile evame ukuhlotshaniswa nabo. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi amagwababa ayakwazi ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana okufana nolimi ukuveza imicabango nemizwa yawo. Bangakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa amazwi abo ukuze bakhohlise futhi balawule abanye, okubenza babe enye yezinyoni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emphakathini ezilwaneni.
Corvid Social Dynamics: Umndeni kanye Nendawo
Amagwababa ayizinyoni zomphakathi ezihlala ngamaqembu emindeni eyaziwa ngokuthi "imindeni". Lawa maqembu ngokuvamile akhiwe ngababili abashadile kanye nenzalo yabo yeminyaka edlule. Amagwababa nawo ayindawo enonya futhi azovikela indawo yawo kwamanye amagwababa nezinyoni ezidla inyama. Basebenzisa imibukiso ehlukahlukene kanye namazwi ukuze baxhumane futhi babonise izinhloso zabo kubahlaseli.
Izinzuzo zeRaven Socialization
I-Socialization iyisici esibalulekile sokuziphatha kwegwababa elinezinzuzo eziningi. Ukuhlala njengeqembu kuvumela amagwababa ukwabelana ngezinsiza, njengokudla nezindawo zokuzalela. Iphinde inikeze isivikelo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye nezinye izinsongo. Amagwababa ahlala ngamaqembu amakhulu avame ukuba namazinga aphezulu okusinda futhi angase aphumelele kakhulu ekukhuliseni abasha.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zamaqembu Amagwababa
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zamaqembu amagwababa, ngalinye linezici zalo ezihlukile. Imihlambi ingamaqembu amakhulu amagwababa abuthana ezindaweni okuchichima kuzo ukudla, njengezindawo zokulahla udoti noma emasimini okuvunwe kuwo. Amagwababa amaqembu amagwababa abuthana ndawonye ukuze alale ebusuku. Lezi zidleke zingaqukatha izinkulungwane zezinyoni futhi ngokuvamile zitholakala ezihlahleni ezinkulu noma kwezinye izakhiwo ezinde.
Izici Zomhlambi wegwababa
Imihlambi yamagwababa ngokuvamile yakhiwa izinyoni ezingahlobene ezihlangana ndawonye ngenjongo yokondla. Le mihlambi ingaba mikhulu impela, ibe namakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezinyoni. Amagwababa emihlambini axhumana wodwa esebenzisa izingcingo nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene, futhi asebenza ndawonye ukuze athole ukudla futhi avikelane ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Iqiniso Elimangalisayo Ngokungabi Namusa Kwegwababa
Naphezu kwezincazelo ezingezinhle zegama elithi "ukungabi namusa", amagwababa eqenjini empeleni abambisana kakhulu futhi banenhlalo. Basebenza ndawonye ukuze bathole ukudla, bavikele insimu yabo futhi bakhulise izingane zabo. Igama elithi "ukungabi namusa" cishe lisuka ekuhlotshaneni kwenyoni nokufa namandla angaphezu kwawemvelo, kunanoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungalungile kwangempela.
Amabizo Aqoqiwe Amanye ama-Corvids
Amagwababa akuwona kuphela amalungu omndeni we-corvid ukuba namabizo eqoqo. Amagwababa avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukubulala" kwamagwababa, kuyilapho izimpethu zibizwa ngokuthi "i-tiding" noma "i-gulp" yezimanga. Lawa mabizo ahlangene avame ukususelwa ekuziphatheni noma ezicini zezinyoni okukhulunywa ngazo futhi abe nomthelela ekwandiseni nasekuthathekeni okuzizungezile.
Isiphetho: Ukubaluleka Kocwaningo LweRaven
Amagwababa ayizinyoni ezimangalisayo osekungamakhulu eminyaka zithwebula imicabango yabantu. Ukuguquguquka kwenhlalo kanye namakhono abo okuxhumana abenza babe isihloko esithakazelisayo socwaningo lwesayensi. Ukuqonda ukuziphatha kanye nemvelo yamagwababa kubalulekile emizamweni yokongiwa kwemvelo futhi kungasisiza sazise kangcono imvelo esizungezile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siwabiza ngokungabi namusa noma uzungu, amagwababa azoqhubeka nokusenza uzungu futhi asikhuthaze iminyaka eminingi ezayo.