UMary Allen
I-black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) ingeyohlobo lwe-"Mambas" kanye nomndeni wezinyoka ezinobuthi. I-black mamba iyinyoka enobuthi ende kunazo zonke e-Afrika futhi ingeyesibili ngobude emhlabeni ngemuva kwe-king cobra. Inyoka yathola igama layo emlonyeni wayo onombala omnyama.
Inyamazane ye-black mamba ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlanganisa izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane njengamagundane, izingwejeje, amagundane nezinyoni. Baphinde batholakale bedla ezinye izinyoka ezifana nemfezi yasehlathini.
Imamba emnyama
I-black mamba ingenye yezinyoka ezesatshwayo neziyingozi kakhulu e-Afrika. Akuvamile ukubathola eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala, yingakho nje ukuhlangana nabantu kuvame. Ngenxa yobude bayo, inyoka ikwazi ukukhuphuka kalula futhi icashe ezihlahleni. Kodwa akuyona nje ende kunazo zonke, kodwa futhi enye yezinyoka ezishesha kakhulu e-Afrika enejubane eliphezulu elilinganiselwa ku-25 km/h.
Ngokulunywa kanye, angajova kufika ku-400 mg we-neurotoxic venom. Ubuncane obungama-20 mg walobu buthi buyingozi kumuntu. Ukulunywa kuhlasela izicubu zenhliziyo nezicubu. Kungaholela ekufeni phakathi nemizuzu eyi-15.
Ukulunywa kwe-black mamba kubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi “u kiss of death”.
Izici
| Igama | Imamba emnyama |
| Scientific | I-Dendroaspis polylepis |
| zinhlobo | izinyoka |
| Order | sikala ezihuquzelayo |
| uhlobo | amamba |
| umndeni | izinyoka ezinobuthi |
| class | izilwane ezinwabuzelayo |
| Umbala | onsundu ngokumnyama nokumpunga okumnyama |
| isisindo | kufika ku-1.6 kg |
| Long | kuze kufike ku-4.5m |
| ijubane | kufika ku-26 km/h |
| Isikhathi sokuphila | kuze kube yiminyaka ye-10 |
| Umsuka | Africa |
| ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo | INingizimu neMpumalanga Afrika |
| ukudla | amagundane amancane, izinyoni |
| Izitha | izingwenya, izimpungushe |
| ubuthi | ubuthi kakhulu |
| Ingozi | I-black mamba inecala lokufa kwabantu ababalelwa ku-300 ngonyaka. |
Yini edla imamba emnyama?
Izimamba ezindala zinezilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwezinyoni ezidla inyama. Ama-brown snake eagles ayizilwane eziqinisekisiwe zezimamba ezimnyama, ezingafika okungenani ku-2.7 m (8 ft 10 in). Ezinye izinkozi ezaziwa ngokuzingela noma okungenani ukudla ama-mamba amnyama ahlanganisa ama-tawny eagles nama-martial eagles.
Ungakwazi yini ukusinda ekulunyweni kwe-black mamba?
Ngemva kwemizuzu engamashumi amabili ulunyiwe ungase ulahlekelwe ikhono lokukhuluma. Ngemva kwehora elilodwa cishe ukoma, futhi ngamahora ayisithupha, ngaphandle kwekhambi, usuke ufile. Umuntu uzobhekana “nobuhlungu, akhubazeke bese efa phakathi namahora ayisithupha,” kusho uDamaris Rotich, umnakekeli wendawo yezinyoka eNairobi.
Ingabe izimamba ezimnyama ziyayidla inyama?
Izilwane ezimnyama ziyizilwane ezidla inyama futhi ngokuvamile zidla izilwane ezinomgogodla ezincane njengezinyoni, ikakhulukazi amazinyane namaphuphu, kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane njengamagundane, amalulwane, ama-hyraxes kanye nama-bushbabies. Ngokuvamile zithanda inyamazane enegazi elifudumele kodwa futhi zizodla ezinye izinyoka.
Zihlalaphi izimamba ezimnyama?
Izimamba ezimnyama zihlala ema-savanna nasezintabeni ezinamadwala eningizimu nasempumalanga ye-Afrika. Ziyinyoka enesihlungu kunazo zonke e-Afrika, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-14 ubude, yize izinyawo eziyi-8.2 zingaphezulu kakhulu. Futhi ziphakathi kwezinyoka ezisheshayo emhlabeni, ezihamba ngesivinini esifinyelela kumamayela ayi-12.5 ngehora.
Iyiphi inyoka ebulala ngokushesha kakhulu?
Inkosi imfezi (Izinhlobo: Ophiophagus hannah) ingakubulala ngokushesha kunanoma iyiphi inyoka. Isizathu esenza ukuthi imfezi ibulale umuntu ngokushesha okungaka kungenxa yomthamo omkhulu we-neurotoxic poison enamandla evimba imizwa emzimbeni ukuthi ingasebenzi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-venom2 ezisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene emzimbeni womuntu.
Yibuphi ubuthi obulala okushesha kakhulu?
Imamba emnyama, ngokwesibonelo, ijova umuntu ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-12 ngomthamo obulalayo kubantu lapho eluma ngakunye futhi ingaluma izikhathi ezingaba ngu-12 ekuhlaseleni okukodwa. Le mamba inesihlungu esisebenza ngokushesha kunanoma iyiphi inyoka, kodwa abantu bakhulu kakhulu kunesilwane esidliwayo ngakho-ke kusathatha imizuzu engama-20 ukuthi ufe.