UMary Allen
Igundane njengesilwane esifuywayo aliselona ithiphu langaphakathi phakathi kwabathandi bezilwane. Ukwazile nokuchitha kakhulu isithombe sakhe njengomuntu onesifo esiwumshayabhuqe nezifo, okungenani kuleli zwe.
Nokho, akwaziwa kahle ukuthi igundane ngokwalo lingathola izifo ezithize kakhulu. Noma ubani ocabanga ngenhlanganisela yamagundane nezifo ucabanga ngokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri, izindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu kanye nendle, mhlawumbe ngisho nesiteyi esinoshevu endaweni engaphansi komuntu siqu - kodwa izifo zamagundane ngomqondo wamagundane agulayo adinga ukwelashwa azivamile ukudingidwa. Kodwa izihloko ezinjalo zibalulekile kubagcini bamagundane.
Hhayi nje kuphela ukulungiselela kahle isimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuhlonza izinto eziyingozi ezingase zibe khona ngesikhathi futhi uvimbele izifo. Manje sifuna ukubeka ngokucophelela lokho okubalulekile lapha.
Ukunakekelwa kanye nempilo yegundane elimnyama elifuywayo
Ngobuhlakani balo obuvelele kanye nekhono lokufunda, igundane elimnyama lizitholele indawo ephezulu esikalini sokuduma. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukhuthaza ukwethembeka kwakhe.
Inhlanganisela yalezi zimfanelo yenza igundane lifaneleke njengesilwane esifuywayo. Amagundane ayabaqaphela abanikazi bawo, avumele ukufuywa futhi abheke phambili ezinseleleni ezifanayo namathuba omsebenzi. Ngamafuphi, ngegundane indoda enjalo ingaba mnandi kakhulu. Ukuze le njabulo ihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, ukufuywa okufanele kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuyadingeka, okucabangela zonke izimangalo kanye nezidingo zezempilo zegundane.
Ukufuywa kwamagundane ngendlela efanele
Amagundane amancane ngokuvamile agcina ekhejini lamagundane, lapho engakwazi khona ukumisa indawo yawo futhi abe nazo zonke izici ezibalulekile azidingayo ukuze aphile. Ngamanye amazwi, izinto zokwakha isidleke, umhume noma indlu encane yokukhosela, amanzi okuphuza amasha kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo. Nokho, lokho kukodwa bekungeke kwanele enjabulweni yamagundane.
Ukufuywa kwamagundane ngendlela efanele kuhlanganisa nemidlalo efanele yokugcina izilwane ziphilile ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Lokhu kungaba imigudu, amazinga ahlukene ngaphakathi kwekheji, izinto zemvelo zokuququda nokumba, namathoyizi amagundane. Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu, isithukuthezi sasiyobusa ngokushesha ehhokweni.
Singakhohlwa ukuthi amagundane ayizilwane ezipakisha ngakho-ke ancike ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi nohlobo lwawo. Ngakho-ke kufanele kugcinwe okungenani izilwane ezimbili, lapho imibhangqwana yobulili obufanayo namaqembu, kanye nama-neuters, kuyizixazululo ezingcono kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, ikheji lizogcina lingenalutho futhi abahloli bamazwe abasafufusa bazodinga ukuhlukahluka okwengeziwe. Ukufinyelela kwangaphandle okuvamile ekamelweni kugcina amagundane nabanikazi ezinzwaneni zabo.
Ngokuzivocavoca okukhethekile kanye namayunithi okuqeqesha, abancane bafunda ngokushesha amaqhinga ambalwa amakhulu, kodwa-ke nabo banembudane emakhanda abo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ubeke iso enhlalakahleni yezithandwa zakho, kokubili lapho ugijima mahhala kanye nasekhejini.
Ukuhlola impilo yamagundane
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola impilo yamagundane kuphakathi kokuthi ephakelwa noma lapho eqeqeshwa noma edlalwa. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwezempilo kufanele kwenziwe njalo, kuhle nsuku zonke. Ngenhlanhla, akuthathi kakhulu: isipiliyoni esincane, ukubekezela nokunaka.
Okulandelayo kufanele kuhlolwe ngokuyinhloko:
- Ukunyakaza. Uma isilwane sixhuga, singase silimale. Uma ishintshashintsha, kungase kube nezimbangela zangaphakathi eziphilayo noma inkinga yokujikeleza kwegazi.
- Ukuziphatha. Amagundane abonisa intshisekelo enkulu kukho kokubili ukudla nokudlala. Amagundane angenandaba, adidekile noma anolaka abhekwa njengezinkinga zokuziphatha futhi kufanele abhekwe kabanzi.
- Ukugaya ukudla. Ukudla okuphakelayo, ukuphuza, ukuchama kanye nendle kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokugaya okunempilo kwegundane. Uma ngisho eyodwa yazo inephutha, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuqaqamba kwamazinyo kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesifiso sokudla, isifo sohudo sibonisa ukudla okungabekezeleleki kahle futhi, ekugcineni, lapho igazi libonakala, usizo luyadingeka.
- Izitho zomzimba. Imigudu yokuphefumula ecacile, amehlo ahlanzekile namazinyo anempilo kubaluleke kakhulu. Imisindo yokuphefumula ehefuzelayo, ukubomvu nokuvuvukala kwamehlo nolwelwesi lwamafinyila noma ngisho nokuvuvukala kwakhubaza kakhulu impilo yegundane. Nalapha futhi, kunesidingo sokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.
- uboya nesikhumba. I-parasite infestation, ukuqubuka ngisho nokusabela komzimba kungabonakala ngokucacile ejazini loboya. Izindlebe nazo zisengozini ikakhulukazi.
Yonke le mininingwane ingahlolwa emizuzwini embalwa. Ukuthi nhló kanye nje kuvame ukwanele ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona okungavamile yini. Eqinisweni, abanikazi bamagundane abaningi ngokushesha bazazi kahle izilwane zabo ezifuywayo kangangokuthi ukungahambi kahle kubaluleke kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Noma kunjalo, isilwane ngasinye kufanele sicatshangelwe ngokwehlukana. Ezinye izimpawu zibonakala kuphela lapho uzihlolisisa, ezinye zingabonakala kuphela nge-palpation, njengamajaqamba esiswini. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuvimbela engcono kakhulu yazo zonke izifo zamagundane ukuhlola impilo evamile.
Izifo zamagundane ezivame kakhulu shazi
Nokho, uma izinto ezingavamile zibonwa noma ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezicacile sezibonakala, iseluleko esihle siyabiza. Naphezu kokuvumelana nezimo nedumela labo njengabasindile, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, amagundane angazwela kakhulu ekuguleni nasekulimaleni.
Yiqiniso, lokhu kusebenza kakhulu kumagundane ahlala ekhaya kunamagundane avamile. Abanawo amasosha omzimba noma izivikeli zokulwa namagciwane ayingozi kanye namagciwane. Kodwa banenye inzuzo ebalulekile: umnikazi wabo, ongabuyela emuthini wesimanje wezilwane futhi ngethemba lokuthi unolwazi olunzulu ngokuthi izifo zamagundane zingelashwa kanjani.
Amagundane kanye ne-mycoplasmosis
Isifo esivame ukuqoshwa kumagundane angaphakathi yi-mycoplasmosis. Lokhu ukutheleleka komgudu wokuphefumula. Into ewubuqili wukuthi akuzona zonke izilwane ezinalesi sifo ezikhombisa izimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sithathelwana kakhulu. Izilwane ezincane noma amalungu ephakethe ngalinye avame ukugula. Nokho, wonke umuntu usengozini.
Okujwayelekile kwe-mycoplasmosis yizimpawu zokuqala ezifana nokuthimula okwenyukayo nokuphuma koketshezi emakhaleni. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, amagciwane angena emigudwini yomoya engezansi, aze ayofika emaphashini. Umphumela uba ukuphelelwa umoya. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufa kwe-pulmonary embolism.
Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi izilwane ziyakugwema ukuzikhandla ngoba azikwazi ukuthola umoya owanele noma ukuphefumula kunzima futhi kubuhlungu. Ngakho-ke ukunganaki lapho udlala noma udla kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu akunakwa, ngoba kudinga namandla. Amagundane aphethwe i-mycoplasmosis nawo avame ukuba noboya obuluhlaza, amehlo agcotshwe ngokubomvu-nsundu kanye nokuncipha kwesisindo okuphawulekayo. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona izifo ezindlebeni kanye nokuphazamiseka kokunyakaza.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, usizo lunganikezwa ngokuvimbela futhi ekuqaleni kokugqashuka kwalesi sifo. Ngokocwaningo, izici ezithile zibangela lesi sifo kwasekuqaleni. Isibonelo, ukucindezeleka, ukungondleki kahle, isomiso, kanye nokuguquguquka okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa. Okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia emoyeni nakho kusolwa ngokudlala indima lapha.
Zonke lezi zimbangela ezicatshangwayo akufanele zenzeke ekufuyweni kwamagundane okufanelekile. Ikheji kumele livikelwe emoyeni, ekushisiseni nasekukhanyeni kwelanga. Amafa asakaza amagciwane kanye ne-ammonia kufanele asuswe njalo. Futhi ukudla okulinganiselayo nokugwema ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile kuyingxenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zokugcina amagundane.
Ngakho kungani i-mycoplasmosis isavame kangaka? Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungazi lutho. Ngoba amagundane athengwa ngaphandle kokuba abanikazi bathole okwanele ngezilwane kusengaphambili. Ngoba izingozi nezimpawu azibonwa ngesikhathi. Futhi okokugcina ngoba abaningi abazi ukuthi basabela kanjani lapho i-mycoplasmosis iqala.
Ukuya kudokotela wezilwane ngokuvamile kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu, ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi empeleni i-mycoplasmosis. Bese ilashwa ngama-antibiotics. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukudla okunomsoco okunamafutha aphansi kanye nekhalori, uma kunesidingo ngezithasiselo zokudla okunovithamini ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, kanye nokulala okusezingeni eliphezulu ekhejini, okuvimbela iphunga le-ammonia futhi ngasikhathi sinye. iyayivikela kahle.
Izifo zesisu
Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla azivamile kumagundane. Amagundane ahlala endle avame ukudla ingcuba, ukudla okusele osekunesikhathi eside sakuthola ukuthi akudleki, neminye imfucumfucu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igundane lefulethi lakudala lonakele kakhulu - ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi lisabela ngokuzwela kakhulu kunezakwabo ohlelweni lokukhucululwa kwendle.
Izimbangela zesifo se-gastrointestinal kumagundane zihlanganisa:
- Ukudla okungalungile (amafutha amaningi, ushukela, ukudla okungafanelekile kwamagundane, ukushintsha ukudla)
- Izimuncagazi ezifana nezikelemu
- Amagciwane namagciwane (i-rotavirus iphinde isakazekele kumagundane, isibonelo)
- ukusabela emithini
- Ingcindezi, isibonelo ngenxa yokuhamba, iholide, ilungu lephakethe elisha, njll.
Kuya ngembangela, isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa kufanele kulashwe ngokuqondile. Ikakhulukazi ukudla okuthambile ngokuvamile kusiza isikhashana ukuzola futhi kushukumise kahle ukugaya. Izinkomba eziningi zingabonakala kalula endle. Uma ungaqiniseki ngezimuncagazi, ungathumela amasampula endle kumalabhorethri aqinisekisiwe futhi uwahlole. Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela wezilwane ungasiza futhi uqinisekisiwe ukuthi wazi ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungenzeka kulethe intuthuko.
I-prophylaxis yamazinyo nezinkinga zamazinyo
Njengegundane, ngokushesha noma kamuva kuzovela izinkinga zamazinyo. Amagundane amadala athinteka kakhulu. Lapho elithi “elidala” lingasho lutho. Endle, igundane liphila isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyi-12. Amagundane afuywayo, isibonelo, angaphila iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3.
Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yobudala noma ukuzala, ukungahambi kahle kwamazinyo, ukuvuvukala endaweni yamazinyo kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene kwamazinyo. I-genetic predispositions nakanjani idlala indima, kodwa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-gnawing on the lattice kukhuthaza izinkinga zamazinyo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi amagundane angamagundane, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi abe nezinto ezifanele ezitholakalayo zokulola nokusika amazinyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi ukudla. Izinkuni ezikhethekile, imigqa, izimpande, izintambo, kodwa futhi namathoyizi amagundane akhuthaza i-prophylaxis yamazinyo. Izinzuzo ziningi:
- Ukuhlanza amazinyo kanye nezikhala phakathi kwamazinyo
- ukuqinisa izinsini
- Ukulola nokufinyezwa kwama-incisors akhula njalo
- Ukugwema ukulimala emlonyeni ngenxa yamazinyo abukhali
- Ukwehliswa kwengcindezi nokuziphatha komphakathi okufanele kwezinhlobo zezilwane
Uma kunokungabaza, udokotela wezilwane naye angasiza lapha futhi afakazele amakhono akhe njengodokotela wamazinyo wamagundane.
Izinkinga zesikhumba kanye namafinyila
Izinkinga zoboya, isikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila zibonakala kalula ngaphandle futhi ngenhlanhla zivame ukwelapha kalula. Ezinye izifo zihlasela izindawo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi zingaphazamisa igundane futhi zidlulele kwezinye izilwane - hhayi nje ku-conspecifics.
Isibonelo, ama-ectoparasites (okungukuthi izimuncagazi ezihlala ngaphandle) njengezibungu, amazeze nezintwala zingatholakala eboyeni begundane futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho enjeni nayo ehlala ekhaya. Noma ngokuphambene, inja idlulisela izimuncagazi emagundeni.
Isikhunta siphinde sibangele izinguquko zesikhumba futhi sisakazeke uma singalashwa. Uma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila kanye ne-conjunctiva kuthintekile, yonke into ingaba nemiphumela ebulalayo. Esimeni esibi kakhulu, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo ikakhulukazi kungabangela ubumpumputhe noma kungase kudingeke ukuba ngisho nokuhlinzwa kukhishwe iso.
Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukunaka ukufuywa okufanele kwezinhlobo zezilwane kanye nokuhlola impilo njalo njengento ebalulekile. Khona-ke cishe noma iyiphi inkinga yesikhumba ku-rat ingaxazululwa ngosizo lwamafutha noma i-antibiotic.
Amagundane nezimila
Isimo sihlukile ngamathumba, lawo amagundane angavikelekile nakancane kuwo. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa amathumba nje akha ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi abonakala njengokuvuvukala. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulimala okubangelwa ukulwa ngezikhundla noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngeshwa, izimila zivame kakhulu.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wezilwane angasiza kuphela ngokuhlinza. Kodwa-ke, uma ama-metastase esevele esabalala, noma yisiphi isilinganiso siza sekwephuze kakhulu.
Ukwelapha ukulimala kwamagundane
Ngokuvamile, kunzima ukubona izifo noma ukulimala kwamagundane. Ngenxa yomzwelo wemvelo wokuthi izilwane ezibuthakathaka ziba yizisulu zabanye, amagundane azama ukucindezela ukuhlupheka kwawo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi angabonisi lutho.
Ngakho-ke ukulimala kwangaphakathi akubonakali, kodwa ngenhlanhla kuyivelakancane kakhulu kumagundane angaphakathi. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezicijile noma ezibukhali zigwinywe ngesikhathi sokukhishwa okungagadiwe.
Ukulimala okubangelwa ingxabano mayelana nokuhlelwa kwezikhundla kuvame kakhulu: lapho amalungu amasha ephakethe engezwa, ngoba omunye ulahlekile, uyaguga noma uma amahomoni ehilelekile. Ngezinzipho namazinyo, amagundane angahlaselana ngempela. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu ukulimala okungenangqondo okudingeka kuphela ukuhlanzwa nokubulawa amagciwane. Amabhandeshi adingeka kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile ukuvikela isilonda ekunakekelweni okushiseka ngokweqile noma ngisho nokuhlaselwa okusha.
Kuba nzima kakhulu ngokulimala kwamehlo - kufanele nakanjani bahlolwe udokotela wezilwane. Ukuphuka, ukulimala kwezinzipho kanye nokulimala kokuwa kuyivelakancane. Njengendlela yokuvimbela, abangani abancane abanemilenze emine kufanele baphathwe ngokucophelela, ukubamba nokuwa kufanele kugwenywe lapho bephuma ngaphandle, futhi ikheji lamagundane kufanele futhi lakhiwe ngaphandle kwengozi yokulimala. Nokho, ngokuqinisekile umuntu angawethemba amagundane ukuthi angakwazi ukukhuphuka iziqondiso namaqhinga, ngoba awawona abuthaka kangako.
Igundane kudokotela wezilwane
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukulimala noma ukugula, ukuyisa igundane kudokotela wezilwane njalo kuphakamisa umbuzo ongakhululekile. Ingabe kuyafaneleka?
Abathandi begundane bazophendula ngokushesha: "Yebo, nakanjani!". Ngokombono ophelele, nokho, izindleko ezinkulu zezilwane kwesinye isikhathi zikhokhiswa iminyaka yokuphila (ekahle) engu-3. Uma amagundane engabantwana kakhulu futhi abazali bevunyelwe ukukhokha, izindleko nenzuzo cishe izokalwa ngendlela ehlukile kunalokho obekungaba ngayo kumfuyi noma umthandi wezilwane obeka inhliziyo nomphefumulo wakhe ekunakekeleni amagundane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yiqiniso, imikhuba yezilwane ezincane nayo izama ukweluleka nokwenza izinto ezinengqondo ngangokunokwenzeka. Inhlalakahle yezilwane ihamba phambili, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umzamo awukho esikalini ukuze uzuze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi enkulu ye-anesthesia ezidalwa ezincane ezinjalo, ukungabi nalwazi ekwelapheni izifo zamagundane ezindaweni eziningi kanye namathuba aphansi okuphumelela, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Kunoma ikuphi, abafuyi bamagundane basebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu uma beqinisekisa ukuthi abathandekayo babo bagcinwa ngendlela efanele uhlobo lwezilwane futhi bahlola impilo yamagundane njalo ukuze banikeze usizo olufika ngesikhathi. Ngokuzinikela okufanele, ngethemba ukuthi akukho okuzoma endleleni yenjabulo yamagundane enempilo.