UMary Allen
Isingeniso: Ukuqonda Amagundane Njengezilwane Ezincelisayo
Amagundane avamile ukubonakala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya, ngokuvamile abonwa njengezinambuzane ezihlasela amakhaya futhi zidale umonakalo. Nokho, ziyizidalwa ezithakazelisayo ezinezici eziningi eziphilayo ezihlanganyela nabantu. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukuthi amagundane ayizilwane ezincelisayo, njengathi.
Ukuqonda izici ezihlukanisa amagundane njengezilwane ezincelisayo kungasisiza sazise lezi zilwane nendawo yazo ezilwaneni. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici ezibalulekile zezilwane ezincelisayo ezisebenza kumagundane, kusukela ku-anatomy yawo kuya ekuziphatheni nasekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo.
Ukuchaza Izilwane Ezincelisayo: Ziyini?
Izilwane ezincelisayo ziyikilasi lezilwane ezinomgogodla ezinezici ezithile ezihlukanisayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuba negazi elifudumele, ukuba nezinwele noma uboya, nokukhiqiza ubisi ukuze bondle abantwana babo. Izilwane ezincelisayo zibuye zibe namazinyo akhethekile ajwayele ukudla, futhi zizala izingane ezikhuliswa ngonina.
Amagundane ahlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zindlela futhi ngenxa yalokho ahlukaniswa njengezilwane ezincelisayo. Ziyingxenye ye-oda i-Rodentia, ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2,200 zamagundane, njengamagundane, izingwejeje, nama-beaver.
I-Rat Anatomy: Indlela Ehambisana Nezici Ezincelisayo
Esinye sezici ezisobala kakhulu ezincelisayo kumagundane izinwele noma uboya bawo. Amagundane anoboya obukhulu obuwasiza ukuthi alawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wawo futhi awavikele ezintweni. Izinwele zabo nazo ziyazwela uma zithintwa, okuzisiza ukuthi zikwazi ukuhamba endaweni ezizungezile futhi zixhumane namanye amagundane.
Amagundane nawo anegazi elifudumele, okusho ukuthi angakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa langaphakathi elingapheli kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zangaphandle zinjani. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze baphile, njengoba kudingeka bakwazi ukusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Izinwele, izindlala zebele kanye negazi elifudumele
Ezinye izici ezimbili ezibalulekile zezilwane ezincelisayo kumagundane izindlala zebele kanye nokuba negazi elifudumele. Izindlala zebele ziyizitho ezikhethekile ezikhiqiza ubisi ukuze zondle inzalo. Emagundaneni, lezi zindlala zitholakala ngaphansi komzimba futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuncelisa abantwana bazo.
Amagundane nawo anegazi elifudumele, okusho ukuthi angakwazi ukukhiqiza ukushisa kwawo kwangaphakathi ukuze agcine izinga lokushisa lomzimba elingashintshi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze baphile, njengoba kudingeka bakwazi ukusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nesimo sezulu.
Ukwakheka Kwamazinyo Nomhlathi: Isignesha Yezilwane Ezincelisayo
Izilwane ezincelisayo zibonakala ngamazinyo azo akhethekile kanye nesakhiwo somhlathi, okubonisa indlela ezidla ngayo nokudla. Amagundane anezinsika ezine ngaphambi komlomo wawo asetshenziselwa ukuququda nokusika ukudla. Futhi zinama-molars nama-premolars asetshenziselwa ukugaya nokuhlafuna.
Amagundane anesakhiwo somhlathi esiyingqayizivele esiwavumela ukuthi anyakazise umhlathi wawo ongezansi ohlangothini, okudingekayo ekugayeni okuqinile kwezitshalo. Lesi isici esihlukile sezilwane ezincelisayo esibonisa umlando wazo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo nokuzivumelanisa nemvelo yazo.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwegundane: Inqubo Yezilwane Ezincelisayo
Izilwane ezincelisayo zizalana ngokocansi, kanti ezinsikazi zizala ziphila zisencane. Amagundane nawo awahlukile kulo mthetho, futhi isimiso sawo sokuzala siyefana nesezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.
Amagundane abesifazane afinyelela ukuvuthwa ngokocansi cishe emasontweni angu-5-6 ubudala, futhi abesilisa cishe emavikini angu-8-10. Amagundane angaba nama-litter amaningi ngonyaka, kanti udoti ngamunye uhlanganisa izingane ezingu-6-12. Izingane zizalwa ziyizimpumputhe futhi zingenaboya, futhi zondliwa ubisi lukanina zize zikhule ngokwanele ukuba zidle ukudla okuqinile.
Ukuziphatha Kwegundane: I-Mammalian Intelligence kanye Nomphakathi
Izilwane ezincelisayo zaziwa ngobuhlakani bazo kanye nokuziphatha kwazo emphakathini, namagundane nawo awahlukile. Amagundane ayizidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezikwazi ukufunda nokuxazulula izinkinga. Futhi ziyizilwane ezihlala ndawonye ezihlala ngamaqembu futhi zihlanganyele ekusebenzelaneni okuyinkimbinkimbi, njengokuzilungisa nokudlala.
Amagundane ayaziwa nangokukwazi kwawo ukwakha izibopho eziqinile nabanakekeli bawo abangabantu, futhi ngokuvamile agcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yalesi sizathu. Ubuhlakani babo kanye nemvelo yabo yezenhlalo kubenza babe izilwane ezithakazelisa ukuzibona nokufunda.
Ukudla Kwamagundane: Imikhuba Yokudla Eningi
Izilwane ezincelisayo zinenhlobonhlobo yokudla, kusukela kwezidla uhlaza kuya kwezidla inyama kuya kwezidla omnivorous. Amagundane ayi-omnivorous, okusho ukuthi adla kokubili izitshalo nezilwane. Ukudla kwabo kuhlanganisa okusanhlamvu, izithelo, imifino, izinambuzane, nezilwane ezincane njengezinambuzane nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane.
Amagundane anokudla okuvumelana nezimo kakhulu, okubavumela ukuthi baphile endaweni ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuyisici esiyinhloko sezilwane ezincelisayo esivumele izilwane ezincelisayo ukuba zikhule futhi ziguquke phakathi kwezigidi zeminyaka.
I-Rat Evolution: Ukulandelela Uzalo Lwezilwane Ezincelisayo
Izilwane ezincelisayo zinomlando omude wokuziphendukela kwemvelo ongalandelelwa emuva eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-200. Amagundane ayingxenye yalolu hlu lozalo, futhi umlando wawo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo uhlinzeka ngemininingwane ekuthuthukisweni kwezimpawu zezilwane ezincelisayo kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo.
Amagundane kukholakala ukuthi avela kukhokho oyedwa onezingwejeje namanye amagundane eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-50 edlule. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bahlakulela ukujwayela okukhethekile okwabavumela ukuba bachume ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emadolobheni kuya emaphandleni kuya ehlane.
Isiphetho: Kungani Amagundane Eyizilwane Ezincelisayo Ngempela
Sengiphetha, amagundane ayizilwane ezincelisayo ngempela, futhi anezici eziningi ezibalulekile ezichaza lesi sigaba sezilwane. Kusukela ekubeni negazi elifudumele nezinwele kuya emazinyweni nasekuziphatheni kwawo okukhethekile, amagundane amelela isibonelo esithakazelisayo sokuziphendukela kwezilwane ezincelisayo nokuhlukahluka.
Ukuqonda amagundane njengezilwane ezincelisayo kungasisiza sazise lezi zilwane nendawo yazo ezilwaneni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siwabuka endle, siwanakekela njengezilwane ezifuywayo, noma siwatadisha elabhorethri, amagundane ayingxenye ebalulekile futhi ethakazelisayo yomhlaba wethu.