Isingeniso: Isayensi Yokujuluka

Ukujuluka kuwumsebenzi womzimba wemvelo osiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa. Lapho sishisa kakhulu, imizimba yethu ikhiqiza umjuluko, obese uhwamuka, usipholise. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-thermoregulation, futhi iwumsebenzi obalulekile ezilwaneni eziningi. Nokho, akuzona zonke izilwane ezinekhono lokujuluka. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi yiziphi izilwane ezingajuluki nokuthi zilawula kanjani izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo.

Kungani izilwane zijuluka?

Izilwane ziyajuluka ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Lapho umzimba ushisa kakhulu, i-hypothalamus esebuchosheni ithumela izimpawu ezindlaleni zokujuluka ukuze zikhiqize umjuluko. Umjuluko ube usuhwamuka esikhunjeni, ukhiphe ukushisa emzimbeni bese upholisa. Le nqubo ibalulekile ezilwaneni ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ngoba ivimbela ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Izilwane ezingakwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo zaziwa njengezilwane ze-ectothermic noma "ezinegazi elibandayo".

Izilwane ezijulukayo

Izilwane eziningi ziyajuluka, kuhlanganise nabantu, amahhashi, izinja nezinkawu. Ezinye izilwane, njengezingulube, zinezindlala zokujuluka emzimbeni wonke, kanti ezinye, njengezinja, zinezindlala zokujuluka ezidladleni zazo. Izindlovu zinohlobo oluhlukile lwendlala yomjuluko ekhiqiza uketshezi olunamathelayo, olubomvu ngokubomvu olusiza ukuvikela isikhumba sazo elangeni nasezinambuzaneni.

Yiziphi izilwane ezingajuluki?

Akuzona zonke izilwane ezinekhono lokujuluka. Eqinisweni, izilwane eziningi azijuluki. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izilwane ezihuquzelayo, eziphila emanzini nasezweni, izinhlanzi, kanye nezilwane eziningi ezingenamgogodla. Nokho, ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ziye zashintsha ezinye izindlela zokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo ngaphandle kokujuluka.

Ingabe zikhona izizathu zokungajuluki?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ezinye izilwane zingajuluki. Isibonelo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane ezihlala emanzini zinezinga eliphansi lokugaya, okusho ukuthi azikhiqizi ukushisa okwanele okudinga ukujuluka. Izinhlanzi zizungezwe amanzi, okusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Izilwane ezingenamgogodla zine-physiology elula kakhulu futhi azikhiqizi ukushisa okwanele okudinga ukujuluka.

Izilwane ezingajuluki ziwalawula kanjani izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo?

Izilwane ezingajuluki zilawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo, isibonelo, zigcagca elangeni ukuze zifudumale futhi zifune umthunzi noma imigodi ukuze ziphole. Izinyoni zisebenzisa izimpaphe zazo ukuze zizivikele futhi zingahefuzela zidedele ukushisa. Izinhlanzi zingaya emanzini ajulile noma apholile ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa kwazo. Izinambuzane nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla zine-ectothermic futhi zithembele endaweni ezungezile ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo.

Ingabe izilwane ezingajuluki zinakho ukujwayela ukubhekana nokushisa?

Yebo, izilwane ezingajuluki ziye zashintsha ukushintshashintsha ukuze zibhekane nokushisa. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo zinamazenga abonisa ukukhanya kwelanga futhi avimbele ukushisa ngokweqile. Ezinye izinyoni zinezimpaphe ezikhethekile ezizivumela ukuba zibambe umoya futhi zivale imizimba yazo, kanti ezinye zinesikhumba esingenalutho entanyeni ezingakwazi ukuzikhipha ngegazi ukuze kuphole. Izinambuzane nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla zinama-exoskeleton asiza ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi futhi awavikele ekushiseni.

Izilwane ezincelisayo ezingajuluki

Ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ziye zashintsha ezinye izindlela zokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo ngaphandle kokujuluka. I-platypus, isibonelo, inomthethosivivinywa okhethekile engawusebenzisa ukuze ibone izindawo zikagesi ezikhiqizwa inyamazane, eyivumela ukuba izingele ebumnyameni ngaphandle kokushisisa ngokweqile. Izidwaba zihamba kancane futhi zichitha isikhathi esiningi zilenga zibheke phansi ezihlahleni, okuzisiza ukuthi zonge amandla futhi zilawule izinga lokushisa kwazo.

Izinyoni ezingajuluki

Izinyoni eziningi azijuluki, kodwa ziye zashintsha ezinye izindlela zokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinyoni, njengamanqe, zichamela imilenze yazo, okuyipholisa lapho uketshezi luhwamuka. Ezinye izinyoni, njengezintshe, zisebenzisa amaphiko azo ukuze zenze umoya futhi zizipholise.

Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingajuluki

Izilwane ezihuquzelayo azijuluki, kodwa ziye zashintsha izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Ngokwesibonelo, izibankwa zingashintsha umbala ukuze zimunce noma zibonise ukukhanya kwelanga, futhi ezinye izinyoka zingasebenzisa ulimi lwazo ukuze zithole imisebe ye-infrared futhi zithole izindawo ezifudumele ezizongena kuzo.

Izinambuzane nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezingajuluki

Izinambuzane nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla zine-ectothermic futhi zithembele endaweni ezungezile ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Ezinye izinambuzane, njengezinyosi, zingalawula izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesidleke sazo ngokuphephetha amaphiko azo noma zihlangane ndawonye. Abanye, njengezintuthwane, bamba imihubhe ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze babalekele ukushisa.

Isiphetho: I-Evolution of Thermoregulation

Sengiphetha, ukujuluka kuwumsebenzi obalulekile ezilwaneni eziningi, kodwa akuzona zonke izilwane ezikwazi ukujuluka. Izilwane ezingajuluki ziye zashintsha ukushintshashintsha ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo, okuhlanganisa ukuthamela ilanga, ukufuna umthunzi, nokuzivikela ngezimpaphe noma amazenga. Ukuqonda ukuthi izilwane zilawula kanjani izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuziphatha kwazo, indawo yazo kanye nomlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo.