UMary Allen
Isingeniso: Izilwane Ezinongqimba Olunamafutha Ngaphansi Koboya
Izilwane eziningi zinongqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya noma esikhunjeni sazo, okufeza izinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Lolu ngqimba lwamafutha, olwaziwa nangokuthi ama-blubber, lusiza izilwane ukuba zilondoloze izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo, zonge amandla, futhi ziphile endaweni enzima. Izilwane ezehlukene zinenani elihlukene lamafutha futhi ziwasebenzisa ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngezidingo kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo.
Inhloso Ye-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Koboya
Inhloso eyinhloko ye-fat layer ngaphansi koboya iwukuba isilwane sivale. Lolu ngqimba lwamafutha lusiza ukugcina isilwane sifudumele ngokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa ukushisa emzimbeni. Isebenza futhi njengendawo yokugcina amandla, evumela isilwane ukuthi siphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla. Kwezinye izimo, ungqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya lubuye lunikeze ukuvuthwa kwezilwane zasemanzini, okuzivumela ukuba zintante futhi zibhukude ngokuphumelelayo.
Ukubaluleka Kokufakwa Kwamanzi Ezilwaneni
Ukushisisa kubalulekile ukuze izilwane ziphile ezindaweni ezibandayo, njenge-Arctic noma i-Antarctic. Ngaphandle kokushisa okufanelekile, izilwane zingalahlekelwa ukushisa ngokushesha futhi zingakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Lokhu kungase kubangele i-hypothermia, i-frostbite, noma ngisho nokufa. I-fat layer ngaphansi koboya ingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokugqumisa, njengoba ilula, iguquguquka, futhi inikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu kokushisa.
Izilwane zase-Arctic ezine-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Koboya
Izilwane zase-Arctic, njengamabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo, ama-walrus, nezimvu zamanzi, zinogqinsi lwamafutha aluhlaza ngaphansi koboya bazo obuzisiza ukuba ziphile emanzini abandayo, aneqhwa e-Arctic. Lolu ngqimba lwamafutha lungafika ku-11.5 cm ugqinsi kwezinye izinhlobo futhi lunikeze ukuvikela ngokumelene namakhaza amakhulu. Isebenza futhi njengomthombo wamandla, ivumela lezi zilwane ukuba ziphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla.
I-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Koboya kanye Ne-Hibernation
Ezinye izilwane, njengamabhere nezingwejeje zasemhlabathini, zisebenzisa ungqimba lwazo lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya ukuze ziphile ezikhathini zokulala. Ngesikhathi sokulala, lezi zilwane zingena esimweni sokuncishiswa kwe-metabolism kanye nokushisa komzimba, okuzivumela ukuthi zonge amandla futhi ziphile ezindaweni zazo zamafutha. Ungqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya lunikeza ukugqunywa kanye nomthombo wamandla kulezi zilwane, okuzivumela ukuba ziphile izinyanga ngaphandle kokudla.
Izilwane Zasemanzini Ezinongqimba Olunamafutha Ngaphansi Kwesikhumba
Izilwane zasemanzini, njengemikhomo, amahlengethwa, nezimvu zamanzi, zinongqimba lwamafutha aluhlaza ngaphansi kwesikhumba azo azisiza zikwazi ukuphila emanzini abandayo olwandle. Lolu ngqimba lwamafutha luhlinzeka ngokunwebeka nokunyakaza, okuvumela lezi zilwane ukuba zibhukude futhi zitshuze ngokuphumelelayo. Isebenza futhi njengomthombo wamandla, okubavumela ukuba baphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla.
Izilwane Zomhlaba ezine-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Kwesikhumba
Izilwane ezihlala emhlabeni, njengamakamela nezindlovu, nazo zinamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba azo azisiza ukuba ziphile endaweni ezikuyo. Amakamela asebenzisa amafutha awo ukuze aphile ogwadule olushisayo nolomile lwase-Afrika nase-Asia, kuyilapho izindlovu zisebenzisa amafutha azo ukuze ziphile phakathi nezikhathi zesomiso. I-fat layer ngaphansi kwesikhumba iphinde inikeze ukugquma kanye nomthombo wamandla kulezi zilwane, okuzivumela ukuba ziphile endaweni enzima.
Ukusetshenziswa Komuntu Kwe-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Koboya
Abantu baye bathola izindlela zokusebenzisa ungqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya ngezinhloso zabo. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu base-Inuit base-Arctic basebenzisa izimvu zamanzi okuthiwa ama-seal nama-whale njengomthombo wokudla nophethiloli. Baphinde basebenzise ama-blubber ukuze bakhe izingubo ezingangeni manzi kanye nokufakwa kwezindlu zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bacwaninga ngezakhiwo ze-blubber ukuze bakhe izinto ezintsha zokufaka ugesi nokugcina amandla.
Ukubaluleka Kokuziphendukela Kwemvelo Kwengqimba Yamafutha Ngaphansi Koboya
Ukuthuthukiswa kongqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya kuye kwadlala indima ebalulekile ekuziphendukeleni kwezilwane. Kuye kwabavumela ukuba baphile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene futhi bazivumelanise nezimo ezishintshayo. Ubukhulu nokusabalalisa kwengqimba yamafutha ngaphansi koboya kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene, okubonisa izidingo zabo eziyingqayizivele kanye nezimo.
I-Fat Layer Ngaphansi Koboya Nokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunomthelela omkhulu ezilwaneni ezinamafutha ngaphansi koboya. Njengoba amazinga okushisa ekhuphuka neqhwa lincibilika, izilwane zase-Arctic zibhekene nezinselele ezintsha zokuthola ukudla nokugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Ezinye izinhlobo, njengebhere elimhlophe, sezivele zibhekene nokuncipha kwenani labantu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa indawo yazo yemvelo. Ukuqonda imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ezilwaneni ezinoqweqwe lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya kubalulekile ukuze zilondolozwe futhi ziphile.
Isiphetho: Izimangaliso Zongqimba Lwamafutha Ezilwane Ngaphansi Koboya
Ungqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya kuwukujwayela okuphawulekayo okuye kwavumela izilwane ukuba ziphile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Ihlinzeka ngokuvikela, ukugcinwa kwamandla, kanye nokuhamba, okuvumela izilwane ukuba ziphumelele ezimweni ezinzima. Njengoba siqhubeka nokufunda kabanzi mayelana nezakhiwo ze-blubber, singathola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha zale nto emangalisayo. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kongqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi koboya kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe futhi kuvikelwe lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo.
Izikhombo kanye nokufunda okwengeziwe
- I-Worthy, TH, & Holdaway, RN (2002). Umhlaba olahlekile we-moa: impilo yangaphambi komlando eNew Zealand. I-Indiana University Press.
- Hays, GC, & Marsh, R. (2015). Intuthuko kubhayoloji yasolwandle. I-Academic Press.
- I-Trites, AW, & Donnelly, CP (2003). Imvelo yokusebenzisana kwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle e-British Columbia, eCanada. Isayensi Yezilwane Ezincelisayo, 19(3), 535-558.
- Williams, TM, & Noren, SR (2009). Ukuzijwayeza okudlulele kwezemvelo njengezibikezelo zokuzwela kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ku-narwhal, i-Monodon monoceros. Isayensi Yezilwane Ezincelisayo, 25(4), 761-777.